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LEARNING OBJECTIVES:-
●WHAT ARE LANDFORMS? ●IMPORTANCE OF EACH LANDFORM ●DIFFERENT KINDS OF LANDFORM
https://youtu.be/SPtexljvx7Ahttps://youtu.be/1PLATj7TrpUhttps://youtu.be/BdXMCuKKHHY
MAJOR LANDFORMS:
Mountains, hills, plateaus, and plains are the four
major types of landforms. Minor landforms include
buttes, canyons, valleys, and basins. Tectonic
plate movement under the Earth can create
landforms by pushing up mountains and hills.
֍MOUNTAINS:
A mountain is a large landform that rises above the
surrounding land in a limited area, usually in the
form of a peak. A mountain is generally considered
to be steeper than a hill. Mountains are formed
through tectonic forces or volcanism. These forces
can locally raise the surface of the Earth.
֍PLATEAU:
Plateau, extensive area of flat upland usually
bounded by an escarpment (i.e., steep slope) on all
sides but sometimes enclosed by mountains. The
essential criteria for plateaus are low relative
relief and some altitude.
DID YOU KNOW?
VOLCANOES ALSO ADD NUTRIENTS TO SOIL,
CREATING PERFECT CONDITIONS FOR MANY
CROPS.
֍PLAINS:
A plain is a flat, sweeping landmass that generally
does not change much in elevation. Plains occur as
lowlands along valleys or on the doorsteps
of mountains, as coastal plains, and as plateaus or
uplands.
֍DESERTS:
A desert is a landscape form or region that
receives very little precipitation.
Generally deserts are defined as areas that receive
an average annual precipitation of less than 250
mm.
֍RIVERS:
A river is a natural flowing watercourse, usually
freshwater, flowing towards an ocean, sea, lake or
another river. In some cases a river flows into the
ground and becomes dry at the end of its course
without reaching another body of water.
֍OCEANS:
An ocean is a body of water that composes much
of a planet's hydrosphere. On Earth, an ocean is
one of the major conventional divisions of the
World Ocean. These are, in descending order by
area, the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Southern, and
Arctic Oceans.
DID YOU KNOW? MAUNA KEA IS THE TALLEST SEA
MOUNTAIN IN THE WORLD.
֍SEA:
The salt waters that cover the greater part of the
earth's surface. a division of these waters, of
considerable extent, more or less definitely
marked off by land boundaries.
֍LAKES:
A lake is an area filled with water, localized in
a basin, surrounded by land, apart from any river or
other outlet that serves to feed or drain the lake.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depression_(geology)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/River
TEXTUAL EXERCISES {PG NO. 51}
[A] ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:
Q1 What are landforms?
ANS: Land forms are natural formations that often
form the borders between countries, states or
provinces.
Q2 How are mountains important to us?
ANS: 1] Mountains are rich in mineral resources.
2] Mountains form a natural barrier against hot and
cold winds.
Q3 Define the term plateaus.
ANS: A plateau is like a mountain with a flat top.
Plateaus are also called table land because of their
shape. It is a flat land with steep slopes.
Q4 What are plains? Name two types of plains.
ANS: Plains are flat grassy areas. Two types of
plains are:
1) Coastal plain
2) Interior plain
O5 What are seas?
ANS: Sea is a large body of salt water surrounded
in whole or in parts by land.
Q6 How are lakes important to us?
ANS: Lakes are very important to us in many ways:
1) It helps in generating electricity. Water from
lake is used in houses, industries and agriculture.
2) Lakes are very important for fishing industries.
[B] FILL IN THE BLANKS:-
1. Conical
2. Ranges
3. Tableland
4. Highest
5. Desert
6. Salt water
7. Oceans
EXTRA NOTES
1. Mountains like Aravalli are low and have round
peaks.
2. Mountain ranges are generally located near the
border of continents.
3. The mountain ranges of North America are
called Rocky mountain range.
4. The mountain ranges of South America are
called Andes Mountains.
5. The mountain ranges of Europe are called Alps
mountain ranges.
6. Volcanoes add nutrients to soil and helps for
growth of crops.
7. A volcano is a mountain which has a crater from
which lava and gases erupt.
8. Mauna Loa is a largest active volcano of the
world.
9. Jog Falls is the highest waterfalls found in
Karnataka.
10. Grand Canyon in Colorado in USA is a famous
canyon.
11. A tributary is a small river that joins a big river.
12. The area where a river runs into a sea or ocean
is called estuary.
13. Growth of coral reefs leads to the development
of lagoons.
14. Sundarbans is the famous delta formed by river
Ganga.
15. Sea is a store house of minerals.
16. By constructing dams artificial lakes can be
created.
17. Oceans produce more than half of the oxygen
in the atmosphere.