Learning Goals

• Identify various ancient civilizations of India and significant leaders of each.

• Explain the reasons behind the rise and fall of various empires.

• List achievements of various Ancient Indian Civilizations.

The Maurya Empire

• _____________ _____________• First ruler of the Maurya Empire

• Why important?– Began the __________ ___________– Ruled India for ___ ______________

• Dynasty – ruling family.

The Maurya Empire

Government

• ________________ – capital• Mighty wooden wall• __________ guard towers• _____ gates

• Chandragupta never slept in the same bed twice.

Chandragupta

• Enjoyed peace• ____________• ___________________ systems• Maintained _____________

Asoka

• ______________/______________)_• _____________ of Chandragupta• Brought Maurya Empire to the height of its

power.

Asoka

• Asoka’s Transformation

• Beginning of rule:• Ruled ________. Waged War. __________ killed

under his rule.• End of rule:• Sickened by ___________, Asoka converted to

Buddhism and practiced _____________. The end of his rule was kind and benevolent, with little force.

Asoka

• Worked to improve lives of people.

• “All men are my children. As on behalf of my own children I desire that they may be provided by me with complete welfare and happiness in this world and in the next, so do I desire for all men as well”

• ASOKA – spread _______________ and ordered the building of thousands of _____________.

• Stupa – shrine containing remains of the Buddha.

The Fall of the Maurya Empire

• Asoka’s _________ led to the fall of the Maurya Empire.

• Invaders moved into the land. • Invader’s ideas, customs, culture was

_________________ into ___________ culture.

The Gupta Empire

• Chandragupta I • ____________ ___________________.

– Purposely wanted to link his name with the ancient _______________.

• Achievements:– Art, literature, math.• Indian scholars developed the ________

____ “___.”

The Decline

• Gupta Empire declines:• _____ ____ ___________ ________powers

invaded South Asia. Arrival marked the end of the Gupta Empire.

• A Clash of Beliefs:• Muslims vs. Hindus

• Islam was based on belief in _____God. Hindus worshipped _______ Gods. Islam taught that all Muslims were _______ under God and Hinduism promoted the ______________ _____________.

The Mughal Empire• The reign of ____________.

– Realized that to rule India he must rule BOTH ____________ and _____________.

– How?– Religious __________________.– Marries a Hindu (he was Muslim)– _______________ a special tax on Hindus.– Appointed Hindus to jobs in government.

– LEGACY: today Hindus honor Akbar as a ________________ ____ ___________________________

The Arts

• ________ and ____________ styled blended.

• Shah Jahan (Akbar’s grandson)• A monument to Mumtaz Muhal (Shah Jahan’s wife)

The Decline of the Mughal Empire

• _______________ Spending• Akbar’s successor (new rulers) ended his policy of

______________– Imposed ____________ ___________on Hinduism.– ______________ Hindu schools.– ________________ Hindus from government.

– This led to Civil War and Revolts throughout the country.