Types of Leaders
Leader by the position achievedLeader by personality, charisma Leader by moral exampleLeader by power heldIntellectual leaderLeader because of ability to
accomplish things
Managers vs. Leaders
ManagersManagers
Focus on things Do things right Plan Organize Direct Control Follows the
rules
LeadersLeaders
Focus on people
Do the right things
Inspire Influence Motivate Build Shape entities
Historical Leadership theories
Traits theories (1930s).
Behavioral Theories (1940s & 1950s)
Contingency theories (1960s & 1970s).
Traits Theories
According to great man leadership theories “effective leaders are born not made”.
In traits research examined the physical(height),mental(intelligence), social (personality),characteristics of individual.
Ralph stogdill in 1948s concluded that “existing research had not demonstrated the utility of traits approach”.
Behavioral Theories
Behavior of effective leaders are different from the behavior of ineffective leaders. It is more important than the physical, mental and social traits.
Fiedler's Contingency Theory
This is a leader match theory because it tries to match leaders to appropriate situations
A leader’s effectiveness depends on how well the leader’s style fits the context
The theory was developed by studying the styles of leaders in situations and whether they were effective (primarily in military organizations)
Concerned with styles and situations
Path-Goal Theory
Path Goal theory is about how leaders motivate subordinates to accomplish designated goals
The stated goal of leadership is to enhance employee performance and employee satisfaction by focusing on employee motivation
Emphasizes the relationship between the leader’s style and characteristics of the subordinates and the work setting
The leader must use a style that best meets the subordinates motivational needs
Ohio State University
Task oriented (planning, organizing, coordinating the work of subordinates).
Consideration (supportive, recognizing subordinate’s accomplishments ,welfare).
University of Michigan
Employee oriented (focus on interpersonal relationship)
Production oriented (focus on task and technical aspects of the job)
Five alternative behavior styles
Impoverished management (1,1)
Country club (1,9)
Task manager (9,1)
Middle of the road (5,5)
Team management (9,9)
Leadership Styles
DelegatingLow relationship/ low
taskResponsibilityWilling employees
ParticipatingHigh relationship/ low
taskFacilitate decisionsAble but unwilling
Selling High task/high
relationshipExplain decisionsWilling but unable
TellingHigh Task/Low
relationshipProvide instructionClosely supervise
Being a Good Leader
Encourage new ideasHonor and respect
themNever misuse your
powerBe fearless yourselfPunish fairly
Finally...
Leadership is a combination of character and competence; of who you are and what you can do.