Permaculture Permaculture DesignDesign
What is Permaculture?What is Permaculture?
"
“Though the problems of the world are increasingly complex, the
solutions remain embarrassingly simple.”
By Bill Mollison
Permaculture is the harmonious integration of all life kingdoms into agriculturally productive ecosystems and socially just environments, producing sound economic consequences. It’s a design science reflecting patterns in Nature that seeks to build interconnections allowing for energy efficiency and abundance of yield.
The Design ProcessThe Design Process
Bill Mollison and David Bill Mollison and David HolmgrenHolmgren
1978 Landmark publication Permaculture One begins movement
Bill’s Inspirations
Huge Huge MonoculturesMonocultures
No Diversity- Globalization
FOREST
FIELD
PLOW
DESERTDESERT
102_6778.jpg
Which way will we Which way will we go??go??
Design Scienc
e“A beneficial assembly of
components in their proper
relationships”
In commerce
zoneszones...the greatest change we need to make is from consumption to
production, even if on a small scale, in our own gardens. If only 10% of
us do this, there is enough for everyone. Hence the futility of revolutionaries who have no
gardens, who depend on the very system they attack, and who
produce words and bullets, not food and shelter." - Bill Mollison
Permaculture Principles
Relative Location-
Making Interrelationships
Multiple Functions for Every Element
Mulberry Tree:
Shade
Forage
Food
Nutrient absorber
Protection
Soil Builder
Entertainment
Multiple Elements for Multiple Elements for Every Function ( slow and Every Function ( slow and sink water)sink water)
Rain Garden Rain Cisterns
Swales are water harvesting ditches
and mounds on contour.
SWALESSWALES
Chinampas:Reconstructed Wetlands
Ditch and Mound
Increase land increase water
Increase productivity
Contour Hedgerow
DAMS GABIONS
Keyline DesignKeyline Design
GreyWater
GreyWater
Energy Efficient Planning
zones
Zone- Placing Elements in our Design based on Intensity of Use
Sector Analysis- Mapping wild, oncoming energiesWind (Summer and Winter)Sun(Summer and Winter)Noise Pollution ViewWildlifeFire
Nitrogen Fixing Plants
Bacteria ‘nodules’ growing on roots
of Nitrogen Fixing plant
• Fungus is the glue of the soil.
• 90% of plants have an association with a mychorrizal fungi
Use of Biological Use of Biological ResourcesResourcesChicken Tractor
Weeding
Fertilizing Tilling
Biological Resources-Biological Resources-Beneficial InsectsBeneficial Insects
Dill- Umbelliferous FamilyDaisy-Aster Family with Lady Bugs
Energy Energy CyclingCyclingSource
To
Sink
Small Scale Small Scale IntensiveIntensive
20 million Victory Gardens in 1943
They were producing 41% of the vegetables being consumed in the
USA
Food Not Food Not LawnsLawns
A house with two cars, a dog, and a lawn uses more resources and energy than a village of 2000 Africans.
DiversityNatural Forest Forest Gardening
Forest Forest GardeningGardening
Avocado-Canopy Avocado-Canopy Comfrey-Comfrey-
HerbaceousHerbaceous
Elderberry-Sub Canopy
Currants-Shrub Currants-Shrub Layer Layer Sunchoke-Sunchoke-
RhizosphereRhizosphere
Purslane-Ground Cover
Passion Fruit- Vine
Time and Plant StackingTime and Plant Stacking
Time and Plant StackingTime and Plant Stacking
Time and Plant StackingTime and Plant Stacking
Time and Plant StackingTime and Plant Stacking
Time and Plant StackingTime and Plant Stacking
Time and Plant StackingTime and Plant Stacking
Time and Plant StackingTime and Plant Stacking
Time and Plant StackingTime and Plant Stacking
Time and Plant StackingTime and Plant Stacking
Time and Plant StackingTime and Plant Stacking
Accelerating Succession
Orchard with swale and N2 Orchard with swale and N2 fixersfixers
Edible Landscaping- Edible Landscaping- DiversityDiversity
Paw Paw-
Asimina triloba
Calcium
levels about
ten times
as much
as banana or
apple
Edible LandscapingEdible Landscaping
Corneilian Cherry- Cornus
mas
High Vitamin C Content
Edible LandscapingEdible LandscapingSaskatoon
Berry- Amelanchier alnifolia
Higher levels of protein,
fat, and fiber than most other fruit
Edible LandscapingEdible Landscaping
Black Chokeberry-
Aronia melanocarpa
Remarkable high antioxidant
activity
Edible LandscapingEdible Landscaping
Hardy kiwi-
Actinidia polygama
Rich in Antioxidan
ts Vitamin E content
twice that of
Avocado and 60%
of calories
Guild designGuild design
Edge EffectEdge Effect
Edge EffectEdge Effect
Protracted and thoughtful
observation rather than
protracted and thoughtless
labor
Least Change Least Change for Greatest for Greatest AffectAffect
Don’t fight the weeds, grow the weeds !
•Cover Cropping•Cover Cropping
•Mulching
•Mulching
Feeds Soil Organisms
Regulates Soil Temperature and
Humidity
Protects from Erosion
Tree Tree CropsCrops
Urban Permaculture
The Design Process
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