Internet2 Applications
Ben Teitelbaum
http://people.internet2.edu/~ben/
Texas A&M University Internet2 Day
February 7th, 2005
College Station, Texas
2Internet2 Applications — Texas A&M University Internet2 Day — February 7th, 2005
What is an “Advanced Application”?
“…used by faculty, staff, and students in support of the research, teaching, learning, and service activities of our members”
Challenge / motivate advanced networking facilities & capabilities
Represent a breakthrough in research, learning, or technology transfer
Not initially usable on commodity Internet
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How We “Do” Applications
Technology scouting
Services and training
Outreach to disciplines
Bulk transport research
Applications-enabling middleware
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Technology Scouting
Bob Riddlemailto:[email protected]:+1-734-913-4257
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Collaborative A/V Tools
AccessGRID• VP (replacement for VIC)
VRVS• Desktops and now PocketPC too
ConfXP• Shared applicaions
DVTS• DV Guide
Uncompressed HDTV
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Equipment Loaner Pool
PC-Based Access Grid Node
H.323 MCU Videoconferencing Equipment
Delco RTPtv Box
VBrick 6200 MPEG-2 Encoder/Decoder
Polycom ViewStation FX
Cakebox (for Network Performance Measurement)
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Internet2 Commons
Jonathan Tymanmailto:[email protected]:+1-734-352-7099
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Internet2 Commons Charter
Promote and facilitate remote collaboration by means of innovative and integrated, standards-based Internet technologies
Create collaboration services that are...• Useful• Sustainable• Affordable• Scalable
This slide complements of Jonathan Tyman
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Internet2 Commons Accomplishments
Launched H.323 Videoconferencing Service• Production, subscription-based service• Feature-rich; GDS; Firewall traversal• Conference streaming and archiving• HELP! 24/7 NOC (OARnet/OSU)
Quarterly Trainings (100+ site coordinators)
Studying Web Collaboration Tools and Extending Service Suite to the Desktop
• Extensive member interviews• Data Collaboration Survey with ViDe • Testing VRVS, WebOffice, IMFirst, Wave3 Session
This slide complements of Jonathan Tyman
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Outreach to Disciplines
Arts & Humanities
Health Sciences
Science and Engineering
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Application Communities
Progress is driven by those who see ways in which advanced networking technologies can benefit their research communities
Internet2 has worked with a variety of communities over time. One way to organize is by our history of interaction with these groups:
• Mature• Developing• Nascent
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Arts & Humanities Outreach
http://arts.internet2.edu/
Ann Doyle• mailto:[email protected]• tel:+1-734-352-7011
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Remote Master Classes
Michael Tilson Thomas (New World Symphony)
photo by R. Andrew LepleyThis slide complements of Ann Doyle
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Live Performance Events
Dance in the Digital Age• Case Western University & Cleveland Institute of Music
The Bing Theater, University of Southern California, Oct 2002
This slide complements of Ann Doyle
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Transcontinental Poetry Reading:A Tribute to Kenneth Koch
Live transcontinental reading of Kenneth Koch's "Twenty Poems"
Seven Internet2 campuses provided videoconferencing
Poet Anne Waldman
This slide complements of Ann Doyle
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New Communities
Museum Community• Education• Conservation
Foreign Language Instruction• Less commonly taught languages
Archaeology Forum• Shared project planning• Shared imaging
This slide complements of Ann Doyle
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Health Sciences Outreach
http://health.internet2.edu/
Mike McGillmailto:[email protected]
The scope of the Internet2 Health Science Workgroup includes clinical practice, medical and related biological research, education, and medical awareness in the public.
This slide complements of Mike McGill
19Internet2 Applications — Texas A&M University Internet2 Day — February 7th, 2005
CLINICAL: Why Physicians Participate in Internet2
Extend the provision of better healthcare• TeleHealth (eHealth)• National Tumor Board • Develop Clinical Skills and Assessment (AAMC partnership)
Distributed data sharing• Electronic Health Record• Presence and Integrated Communications (VoIP, location)• Advanced visualization Computer Assisted Surgery• Computer Aided Diagnosis
Collaboration independent of boundaries• Geography: Second Opinion Networks/Night Hawking• Time: Learning Technology (Distance Education) • Computation: Knowledge Management
This slide complements of Mike McGill
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Biomedical Informatics Research Network (BIRN)
Funded by: NCRR/NIH
Mark Ellisman, PhD,Univ. California San Diego, SDSC
www.nbirn.netThis slide complements of Mike McGill
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EACH BRAIN REPRESENTS
A LOTOF DATA
AND COMPARISONS MUST BE MADE BETWEEN MANY
(fMRI)
Slide courtesy of Arthur Toga (UCLA)This slide complements of Mike McGill
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Pipelines for Morphometric Analysis
Surgical Planning
Interoperative segmentation
Brain atlas
fMRI
Funded by NCRR/NIH
Ron Kikinis, M.D., Steve Pieper, Ph.D., Simon Warfield, Ph.D.
Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
Surgical Planning
This slide complements of Mike McGill
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Science & Engineering Outreach
http://science.internet2.edu/
Russ Hobbymailto:[email protected] tel:+1-530-752-0236
T. Charles Yunmailto:[email protected] tel:+1-734-352-4960
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High Energy and Nuclear Physics
Physics has traditionallybeen a “power user”
Physicists are generating Terabytes of data per experiment at CERN
Types of network usage:• Bulk data transfers extremely sensitive to loss• VRVS expects multicast and low-latency/jitter networks for effective video conferencing
This slide complements of T. Charles Yun
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E-VLBI (Radio Astronomy)
Astronomers observe frommultiple earth-based antennae
Data sent to specialized computer for analysis on a 24x7 basis
VLBI is not as concerned with data loss as they are with long term stability
The end goal is to send data at over 1Gb/s from 20+ antennae (located around the globe) to a facility that can process the data in real time.
This slide complements of T. Charles Yun
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NEON and Earthscope
Both in the early stagesResearch goals understoodWorking with Internet2 program managers to determine how best to use advanced networks to connect researchers, data, and sensors
This slide complements of T. Charles Yun
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Bulk Transport Research
Stanislav Shalunov • mailto:[email protected]
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Bulk Transport
The killer application for high-performance networks so far
• What else do we need fat pipes for?
Several flavors:• straightforward huge file transfer • instrument data transfer (telescopes, particle
accelerators, etc.) • interactive high-throughput applications (e.g.,
ImmSeg)
This slide complements of Stanislav Shalunov
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Problem Exists Below Application
Remains unsolved even in its most simple form (file transfer)
• best current practice: open n standard TCP streams, send data
• typical current practice: n=1 (e.g., FTP, HTTP, or SCP)
Expected performance (links are not congested): at least 100Mb/s
Typical performance: less than 3Mb/s (Internet2 NetFlow Weekly Reports)
This slide complements of Stanislav Shalunov
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Top Reasons for Poor Performance
Bad transport protocols (layer 4) - Internet2 transport effort
Ethernet duplex mismatch (layer 2)• NDT and work on characterization of the condition • Full-duplex Ethernet is the right thing• Even Gigabit Ethernet can still suffer from duplex
mismatch
Bad last-hop cables (layer 1)• Cables Go Bad After Chairs are Rolled Over Them• Fix: replace the cable• Fortunately, less common than the other problems
This slide complements of Stanislav Shalunov
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Conventional TCP: Bad Transport1/2
Theoretical problems: • Unstable for high-speed networks• Too sensitive to non-congestive packet loss (even after minor fixes)
• Before a loss happens, buffers need to fill: delay is at least doubled
This slide complements of Stanislav Shalunov
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Conventional TCP: Bad Transport2/2
Implementation problems• Buffers are laughably small
– Normal default buffer sizes: 8kB, 16kB, 32kB, 64kB– Even 64kB over 70ms limits throughput to 7.5Mb/s
• No provisions for automatic buffer increases– Users are expected to manually tune the buffer size– Cars don't ship with 3-HP engines that need to be tuned
by the driver for measly 100HP. Why should computers ship with transport protocols that get 3Mb/s and need to be tuned by the user for measly 100Mb/s?
This slide complements of Stanislav Shalunov
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Internet2 Transport Effort1/2
Group of congestion control researchers and high-end users formed in Oct 2004
Goal: a software implementation of user-space transport tool
• high performance• completely end-to-end: no router modifications• suitable for both bulk file transfer and interactive
multimedia• portable, easy to install and use (no kernel modifications)• advanced congestion control using existing research• tolerance for minor non-congestive packet loss
This slide complements of Stanislav Shalunov
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Internet2 Transport Effort2/2
Most immediate deliverable: a design space survey
• Current version: http://www.internet2.edu/~shalunov/tmp/transport-design-space-05.pdf
• Specify requirements• Document independent design questions• Converge on a design
Join the mailing list at:• https://mail.internet2.edu/wws/arc/transport
This slide complements of Stanislav Shalunov
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Application-Enabling Middleware
Authentication and Authorization Middleware
Connective Middleware
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What is Shibboleth?
Open source attribute-based single sign-on software with an emphasis on user privacy, built on the SAML 1.1 specification
A provider and consumer of innovations in federated identity standards
An enabling technology for Internet2, international, and regional efforts at federation in education and research
This slide complements of Scott Cantor
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Shibboleth Use Cases
Traditional web single sign-on
Shared electronic learning resources
Research resources (grids)
Outsourced academic or administrative services
Account linking across sites
Delegated trust in portal scenarios(e.g. meta-searching)
This slide complements of Scott Cantor
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InCommon
A federation for American higher education, initially focused on “.edu” origins.Builds an open identity infrastructure across higher education for academic and research collaboration, outsourced and governmental services, etc.Expected to serve as a trust anchor for a variety of Internet2 efforts.Low barrier to entry, minimal legalitieshttp://incommon.internet2.edu/
This slide complements of Scott Cantor
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Connective Middleware for Real Time Communications
high-performance, end-to-end IP transit
BobAlice
UserCampusUser Internet2/GigaPoP/ASPCampusHost Host
Network-LayerConnectivity
Applications
APIsCodecs
APIsCodecs
Signaling Signaling
Connective Middleware
Call FilteringAuth N/Z
Call FilteringAuth N/Z
IdentityPresence
Call Routing
IdentityPresence
Call Routing
Damping Middleware
Rich PresenceServices Calendaring
Location
... ...Calendaring
Location
Dire
ctor
ies D
irectories
Sig
nalin
g SignalingCampus-to-Campus
Trust / Policy / Encryption
P2P mediaand
Trust / Policy / Encryption
...or... ...or...AuxiliaryServices Gatewaying
Bridging
Messaging...
GatewayingBridging
Messaging...
GatewayingBridging
Messaging...
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SIP.edu Working Group
Web Site• http://voip.internet2.edu/SIP.edu/
Chair• Dennis Baron, MIT{email, sip}: [email protected]
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SIPProxyDNS
SIP-PBXGateway PBX
INVITE(sip:[email protected])
INVITE(sip:[email protected])
DNS SRV query sip.udp.bigu.edu
telephoneNumberwhere mail=”bob”
PRI / CASbigu.edu
CampusDirectory Bob's Phone
sip.udp.bigu.edu IN SRV ...
SIP.edu Architecture (today)
IP Voice
TDM Voice
SIP User Agent
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DNS
INVITE (sip:[email protected])DNS SRV query
sip.udp.bigu.edu
bigu.edu
SIP User Agent
locationDB
REGISTER(Contact: 207.75.164.131)
INVITE (sip:[email protected])
SIPProxy
Bob's SIP Phones
SIP.edu Architecture (real soon)
SIPRegistrar
IP Voice, Video, IM, ...
If Bob has registered, ring his SIP UAs; Else, call his extension through the PBX.
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SIP.edu Growth
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Presence and Integrated Communications (PIC) Working Group
Web Site• http://pic.internet2.edu/
Chair• Jeremy George, Yale{email, sip}: [email protected]
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Presence and Integrated Communications
Presence• “Notification of events that facilitate communication” (Henning Schulzrinne)
–“On-line”, “Away”, “Idle”, “On phone”, “Out to lunch”, ...
• Back to the future?–Remember: finger, write, who?–Presence restores the sense of community that existed
on timesharing systems
• Forward to the future!–New standards for interoperability and scalability–User-centric control of presence publication–Richer state semantics and automatic triggers
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Rich Presence Trials
Using Internet2 meetings to prototype advanced campus services
• Advanced WiFi infrastructure (location service)• Advanced middleware infrastructure (SIP/SIMPLE presence agent / location server)
• Advanced real time communications services
Highly-participatory• Enthusiastic attendees • Distributed trial-dev team
–Columbia IRT Lab, HP Labs Cambridge, University of Pennsylvania, Ford Motor Company, Microsoft, ...
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Rich Presence Enabled Clients
• WaveThree and Columbia clients (Session, SIPC)• Others welcome! (client requirements doc on web)
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NG911 Project
Internet 911• 911 has been a thorn in the side of VoIP• Technically, not a hard problem
NG911• NTIA-funded project to IP-enable PSAPs
Not only solve VoIP 911, but do better!• Higher resilience• Faster call setup• Testability
Based on IETF GEOPRIV work
• Multimedia support• Open standards and COTS• Cheaper
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Emerging IETF/NENA “I3” Architecture
GPS
40.86N 73.98ECN=us A1=NJ A2=Bergen
INVITE sips:sos@
DHCP
outboundproxy server
provided by local ISP?
40.86N 73.98E: Leonia, NJ fire dept.
leonia.nj.us.sos.arpaPOLY 40.85 73.97 40.86 73.99NAPTR … [email protected]
This slide complements of Henning Schulzrinne, Xiaotao Wu, & the CINEMA crew (Columbia University)
Location-based call routing: UA knows its location
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