INTERNATIONAL HELIOPHYSICAL YEAR (IHY) CONTRIBUTIONS TO SPACE
WEATHER RESEARCH
May 2008
Heliophysical: A broadening of the concept "geophysical," extending the connections from the Earth to the Sun & interplanetary space. On the 50th anniversary of the
International Geophysical Year, the 2007 IHY activities will build on the success of IGY 1957 by continuing its legacy of system-wide studies of the extended heliophysical
domain
Joseph Davila, Barbara Thompson, Nat Gopalswamy
NASA-Goddard Space Flight Center
What is it?
• Cooperative international program• Started Feb 2007, Ends Feb 2009• 71 countries with National committees• Thousands of scientists• 200 Observatories• 65 Coordinated Investigation Plans (CIPs) • Primarily supported by UN, NASA, US-DOS
IHY (http://ihy2007.org) 2
IHY (http://ihy2007.org) 3
History ofInternational Science Years
Gauss Magnetic Network 18411st International Polar Year 18822nd International Polar Year 1932International Geophysical Year 1957
International Heliophysical Year 2007International Polar YearElectronic Geophysical YearInternational Year of Planet Earth
Slide modified from presentation by George Siscoe at First IHY Planning Workshop, NSO, Sacramento Peak, NM
IHY (http://ihy2007.org) 4
IHY is Natural Evolution of IGY
19571933 20071883
TIME
Siz
e S
ca
le S
tud
ied
IPY-1
IPY-2
IGY
IHY
19571933 20071883
TIME
Siz
e S
ca
le S
tud
ied
IPY-1
IPY-2
IGY
IHY
19571933 20071883
TIME
Siz
e S
ca
le S
tud
ied
IPY-1
IPY-2
IGY
IHY
Synoptic observations and Global processes on solar system scale
– Unprecedented international fleet of spacecraft located throughout the heliosphere
– Networks of sophisticated ground based observatories
IHY (http://ihy2007.org) 5
Objectives
• Develop the basic science of heliophysics through cross-disciplinary studies of universal processes.
• Promote research on the Sun-heliosphere system outward to the local interstellar medium - the new frontier.
• Foster international scientific cooperation in the study of heliophysical phenomena now and in the future.
• Preserve the history and legacy of the IGY on its 50th Anniversary.
• Communicate unique IHY results to the scientific community and the general public.
IHY (http://ihy2007.org) 6
X ray bright points
Solar active regionsG,K & M dwarfs
T Tauri stars
Convective envelope
Pevtsov et al., 2003
Universal Process Exemplars
Typical Energy
Sh
ock
Sp
ee
d
Planetary Aurorae
Particle Acceleration
X-ray Emission
Universal Heliophysical Processes Meetings • IAU Symposiurm, Ioannia Greece,
Sep 15-19, 2008
• Chapman Conference, Charleston, SC, Nov 10-14, 2008
IHY (http://ihy2007.org) 7
Four Elements of the IHY Program
• Coordinated Investigation Programs (CIPs) – Scientific Research
• Distributed small instrument program– New observational capability
• Education, outreach– Promoting space science
• IGY History preservation – Preserving the history of space
physics
Science
HistoryOutreach
Distributed Instruments
See website at http://ihy2007.org for more information.
Science
History
Outreach
Distributed Instruments
IHY (http://ihy2007.org) 8
IHY Outreach
• Teacher workshops in conjunction with major meetings
• Translation of educational materials
• World-wide Observatory open doors day
• Yuri’s night• US, India, Brazil, Africa, China
Summer schools• Science outreach in Islamic
countries
IHY (http://ihy2007.org) 9
Four Elements of the IHY Program
• Coordinated Investigation Programs (CIPs) – Scientific Research
• Distributed small instrument program– New observational capability
• Education, outreach– Promoting space science
• IGY History preservation – Preserving the history of space
physics
Science
History
Outreach
Distributed Instruments
See website at http://ihy2007.org for more information.
IHY (http://ihy2007.org) 10
History - IGY Gold Program
• Sponsored by IUGG• Managed by IHY for all International Years
– Certificates available in IHY, IPY, eGY, and Planet Earth formats
• Recipient must – Have participated in
the IGY in some capacity
– Provide an artifact of historical interest
– Agree to have name made public on website
IHY (http://ihy2007.org) 11
Four Elements of the IHY Program
• Coordinated Investigation Programs (CIPs) – Scientific Research
• Distributed small instrument program– New observational capability
• Education, outreach– Promoting space science
• IGY History preservation – Preserving the history of space
physics
Science
HistoryOutreach
Distributed Instruments
See website at http://ihy2007.org for more information.
IHY (http://ihy2007.org) 12
CIPs(Coordinated Investigation Programs)
• Richard Stamper (RAL) is CIP coordinator
• Regional representatives to nominate Discipline planners in following categories– Solar– Heliosphere– ITM– Magnetosphere– Climate– Heliobiology
• 65 CIPS currently in process
Registration Required to enter CIP
Whole Heliospheric Interval (WHI)
IHY (http://ihy2007.org) 13
Primary Goals: • Characterize the 3-D solar minimum
heliosphere• Trace the effects of solar structure and
activity through the solar wind to the Earth and other planetary systems
WHI takes advantage of new capabilities in observations and models to advance our understanding of the 3-D interconnected heliophysical system. The campaign will begin with the origins of solar structure and variability and will trace their impact to the outer reaches of the heliosphere.
Go the IHY Website to join and for additional
information !
IHY (http://ihy2007.org) 14
Four Elements of the IHY Program
• Coordinated Investigation Programs (CIPs) – Scientific Research
• Distributed small instrument program– New observational capability
• Education, outreach– Promoting space science
• IGY History preservation – Preserving the history of space
physics
Science
HistoryOutreach
Distributed Instruments
See website at http://ihy2007.org for more information.
IHY (http://ihy2007.org) 15
IHY-UN Instrument Program
• Placing small inexpensive instruments in new geographical locations can provide new science
• Distributed observatories can continue to provide useful data after the IHY
• The lead scientist or principle investigator will provide instrumentation (or fabrication plans) for the instruments in the array
• Host country provides operation support• All science shared within team• Partnerships established at IHY-UN Workshops• UN committed until 2010 – still time to participate!
Active Instrument Programs
IHY (http://ihy2007.org) 16
INSTRUMENT CONTACT STATUS
1 CALLISTO C. Monstein (Switzerland) Deployed in India, others in progress
2 H-alpha Telescope K. Shibata, S. Ueno (Japan) First observatory operating in Chile
3 MAGDAS Magnetometers K. Yumoto (Japan) Deployed in Malaysia, Ethiopia, Nigeria, Ivory Coast
4 GPS Scintillations C. Amory-Mazaudier (France), and T. Rowell (USA)
More than 25 new installations across Africa (see map)
5 SCINDA GPS K. Groves (USA) Deployed in Cape Verde, Nigeria, others in progress
6 CIDR T. Garner (USA) 4-instrument chain planned for Egypt
7 VLF Radio U. Inan (USA) Installed in Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia
8 RENOIR J. Makela (USA) Instrument funding obtained, instrument development in progress
9 SEVAN Particle Detectors A. Chillingarian (Armenia) Instrument for Bulgaria being fabricated
10 AMBER-AGREES E. Yizengaw (USA) In progress
11 SAVNET J.-P. Raulin (Brazil) Instrument funding obtained
12 Low-cost Ionosonde J. Bradford (UK) Seeking instrument funding
13 IHY Mag I. Mann (Canada) Seeking instrument funding
14 Low-frequency Radio Array J. Kasper (USA) In progress
15 Muon Network K. Munakata (Japan) In progress
IHY (http://ihy2007.org) 17
Ionosphere• AWESOME space weather monitors are
being deployed worldwide. Instruments were installed in Turkey, Algeria and Morocco, Libya, Egypt, UAE, and South Africa.
• The RENOIR ionospheric observing station program has received support for development, and will be making plans for instrument host sites later this year (Cape Verde).
• SCINDA, AMMA, and CIDR for TEC and scintillation measurements, Cape Verde & Ethiopia meetings organized.
Magnetometers• IHY-Japan has made significant progress
towards the completion of its 51-magnetometer MAGDAS global network with a new installation site on MacQuarie Island, Ethiopia, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, and Malaysia.
• AMBER Magnetometer network funded
SEVAN
IHY (http://ihy2007.org) 18
• Armenian SEVAN energetic particle detectors deployed in Croatia & Bulgaria
• Measures particle anisotropy to predict CME arrival
CALLISTO
• A low cost radio spectrometer provided by the Swiss
• Continuous spectral observation solar-radio (flare) activity at meter- and decimeter wavelengths.
• Distributed at different longitudes– India, Switzerland, Mexico,
Korea
IHY (http://ihy2007.org) 19
SAVNET
• VLF receiver network • Coverage over Puerto
Rico • The deployment Latin-
American SAVNET VLF receiver chain began in 2006 with the target of being operational this year
• Ionospheric electron precipitation, lightning
IHY (http://ihy2007.org) 20
Summary
• Universal processes underlie space weather• IHY outreach and history programs have
contributed to a better public understanding of space science
• IHY will leave a legacy of instrumentation networks that can provide unique data sets for years to come
IHY (http://ihy2007.org) 21