INTERGRATED CIRCUITS
LECTURE 17
History of Electronic Devices 1st Generation Electron tubes
INTERGRATED CIRCUITS LECTURE 17
2nd GenerationSemiconductor Devices, Diode and single Transistor
3rd GenerationSmall Scale Integrated Circuits (SSI): Less than 100
Transistors per Integrated Circuit or chipMedium Scale Integrated Circuits (MSI): 100 to 1000
Transistors per Integrated Circuit or chip
3rd GenerationSmall Scale Integrated Circuits (SSI): Less than 100 Transistors per Integrated Circuit or chipMedium Scale Integrated Circuits (MSI): 100 to 1000 Transistors per Integrated Circuit or chip
4th GenerationLarge Scale Integrated Circuits (LSI): 1000 to 10000 Transistors per Integrated Circuit or chip Very Large Scale Integrated Circuits (VLSI): 10000 to 1 million Transistors per Integrated Circuit or chip.
5th GenerationUltra Large Scale Integrated Circuits (ULSI): over 1 million Transistors per Integrated Circuit or Chip
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AMgQ1-HdElMSilicon Wafer Production
6th GenerationName of this technology yet to be determined: Over one billion transistors per Integrated Circuit or Chip
10-Core Xeon Westmere-EX 2,600,000,000 2011 Intel 32 nm 512 mm²
Radio shack notes p80-91
You tube: the intergrated circuit http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uSRIc-sEgPw
555 audio oscillator
Voltage comparator
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qsP06waTvQYCollin's Lab: Exploratory IC torching
7404 IC six independent positive logic NOT GATES (INVERTERS)
DIFFERENT PACKAGE STYLES FOR IC’s
TYPES OF IC SOCKETS
http://www.williamson-labs.com/GREAT WEB SITE FOR ELECTRONICS
Q
A
B
Q
http://www.williamson-labs.com/480_logic.htmDigital logic animation
ELECTRONIC TOOLBOX: APP FOR IPHONE
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=377dquuny4w
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rz_EfwJGIes.[iPad] iCircuit .
The BCD method codes each decimal digit in binary and stores it in its own byte. The binary method converts the entire decimal number into a binary number.
Transistor NOR Gate
A
B
Q
A
B
Q
A
B
Q
A tristate buffer can be thought of as a switch. If B is on, the switch is closed. If B is off, the switch is open.
Truth Table for Logic Gate Combination
Inputs Outputs
A B C D E Q
0 0 0 1 0 1
0 0 1 1 0 1
0 1 0 0 0 0
0 1 1 0 1 1
1 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 1 0 0 0
1 1 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 0 1 1
EXAMPLE LOGIC CIRCUITS http://www.technologystudent.com/elec1/dig5.htm
http://www.technologystudent.com/elec1/digq2.htmDIGITAL LOGIC EXAMINATION QUESTION - 2
EXAMPLE OF COMBINATIONAL LOGIC CIRCUIT
BCD-to-Seven-Segment Decoders/Drivers
AddressingInputSelectedb a
0 0 A
0 1 B
1 0 C
1 1 D
4-to-1 Channel Multiplexer 4 Channel Multiplexer using Logic Gates
Multiplexer Symbol
The Demultiplexer
1-to-4 Channel De-multiplexer
4 Channel Demultiplexer using Logic Gates
Demultiplexer SymbolAddressing
InputSelectedb a
0 0 A
0 1 B
1 0 C
1 1 D
The Digital EncoderUnlike a multiplexer that selects one individual data input line and then sends that data to a single output line or switch, a Digital Encoder more commonly called a Binary Encoder takes ALL its data inputs one at a time and then converts them into a single encoded output.
4-to-2 Bit Binary Encoder
Positional Encoders
Compass DirectionBinary Output
Q0 Q1 Q2
North 0 0 0
North-East 0 0 1
East 0 1 0
South-East 0 1 1
South 1 0 0
South-West 1 0 1
West 1 1 0
North-West 1 1 1
A 2-to-4 Binary Decoders.
Binary DecoderA Decoder is the exact opposite to that of an "Encoder". It is basically, a combinational type logic circuit that converts the binary code data at its input into one of a number of different output lines, one at a time producing an equivalent decimal code at its output.
The Basic SR Flip-flop Truth Table for this Set-Reset Function
State S R Q Q Description
Set
1 0 1 0 Set Q » 1
1 1 1 0 no change
Reset
0 1 0 1 Reset Q » 0
1 1 0 1 no change
Invalid
0 0 0 1memory with Q
= 0
0 0 1 0memory with Q
= 1
http://www.williamson-labs.com/
GOOD WEB SITE FOR ELECTRONICS
S R Q Q
0 0 0 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 X 0
1 0 X 1
1 1 X Invalid
4-bit Parallel-in to Parallel-out Shift Register
Basic Movement of Data through a Shift Register
Clock Pulse No QA QB QC QD
0 0 0 0 0
1 1 0 0 0
2 0 1 0 0
3 0 0 1 0
4 0 0 0 1
5 0 0 0 0
Frequency Division using Toggle Flip-flops
4-bit, 16 Divide by 2 Counter
http://www.technologystudent.com/elec1/count1.htm
THE 4017B DECADE COUNTER
74LS00 Pin Assignment :
7400 Logic Diagram