12 Apr 2023 Working Group Air Quality Tilburg 1
Theme of presentation
Integrated approaches &
Priorities WG [email protected]
Working Group Noise
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Content
Introduction Noise in Europe Effects of Noise Priorities Working Group Noise Best Practices Noise and Best Practices
Noise beneficial for Air Quality and other issues
Conclusions
Introduction
• European Policy Advisor @ DCMR EPA
• Since 2006 of Working Group Noise EUROCITIES
– Participating in European Networks
– Identifying, initiating and involved in EU funded projects
– Affecting EU legislation, policies and requirements
• Priorities WG Noise:
– Support cities with implementation of END 2002/49/EC
– Sharing experiences on noise
– To monitor and respond to European policy development12 Apr 2023 Working Group Air Quality Tilburg 3
Implementation Report of Directive 2002/49/EC
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Roads Railways Airports Industry Major roads Major railways Major airports
Num
ber o
f peo
ple
(in m
illio
ns)
Noise source
Number of people exposed to noise in Europe (including NO & CH)
Lden > 55 dB Lnight > 50 dB
Source: EEA
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In percentage (agglo > 250.000)
10%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
road rail airport industry total
Noise levels > 55 dB
Effects of Noise
• (severe) annoyance
• (severe) sleep
disturbance
• high blood pressure
• cardio-vascular diseases
• heart attacks
• strokes
• > 1mio DALYS/annum
• cognitive functioning
• health costs
• devaluation house prices
• production loss
• car accidents
• learning disabilities
• ..........
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New insights WHO
DALY= Disability Adjusted Life
Year
Keep on moving!
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Answers from European Union• Thematic Strategies (Urban Environment, Air
Quality, Sustainable use, etc.)
• Environmental Noise Directive
• Vehicle directives regarding ELV’s on CO2, noise, Air components, etc.
• Type approval legislation/regulation
• Labelling directives (tyres, energy,..)
• EUROVIGNETTE
• Action Plan on Urban Mobility
• CAFE directive
• Directive Outdoor Machinery Noise
• White Paper on Transport12 Apr 2023 9
Answers from European Union• Thematic Strategies (Urban Environment, Air
Quality, Sustainable use, etc.)
• Environmental Noise Directive
• Vehicle directives regarding ELV’s on CO2, noise, Air components, etc.
• Type approval legislation/regulation
• Labelling directives (tyres, energy,..)
• EUROVIGNETTE
• Action Plan on Urban Mobility
• CAFE directive
• Directive Outdoor Machinery Noise
• White Paper on Transport12 Apr 2023 10
White Paper
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• De-carbonising transport– No casualties in 2050– Polluter/user pay principle– Stopping subsidies that support carbon use– Clean, safe and quiet vehicles– Strengthening noise emission vehicles– Phasing out convent. fuelled vehicles in
cities– Alternative fuels/CO2 free logistics– Intelligent infrastructure– Labelling CO2/Eco-driving– Urban Mobility Plans– Harmonising pricing systems
How to solve the problem?
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source
societal
spatialreceptor
end of
pipe
traffic
manageme
nt
other
• Noise barriers/Embankments
• Insulation (façade, roof, double
glazing)
• Cuttings, coverage's,
• Tunnels, cuttings,
• Receptor measures in existing
situations
• Mini barriers along roads or strip between
lanes
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end of pipe
• Façade insulation
• Roof insulation
• Double/triple glazing
• Quiet façades
• House design/orientation
• Double façade
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receptor
• Quieter/cleaner vehicles (incl. tyres)
• Quieter/cleaner trains
• Greener trams, metros, etc.
• Greener airplanes
• Quieter/cleaner outdoor machinery
• Greener traction (hybrid, e-cars, plug-ins)
• Start-stop engines
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source
Effects of E-vehicles
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Truck with explosion engine
Truck with electric engine
Car with explosion engine
Car with electric engine
Effect of electrification vehicles in urban areas is limited
• Zoning (buffers)
• Less parking lots inner city
• Non- sensitive building along roads
• Road design/district design
• Public Transport stops max. 5 minutes walking
• Limitations (parking bans, obstacles,..)
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spatial
• Speed reduction
• Smoothing traffic flow
– avoiding acceleration/deceleration/green
wave
• Bundling traffic
• Restricted zones/lanes
• Dedicated lanes for buses or soft modes
• P+R terrains near stations,
• Co-modality
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traffic management
• Collective transport
– Schools /Institutes/Enterprises
(individual/area)
• Car sharing/Car pooling
• Shift to:
– Public Transport (comfortable, attractive, smart
paying,…….)
– Soft modes such as walking, biking, ....
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societal
• Financial (diff. road pricing, etc.)
• Fiscal (e.g. for car pooling, etc)
• Green good deliveries in cities (hubs), time windows
• Green Areas/Pedestrian zones
• Introduction noise in MOT + enforcement on road
(police)
• ITS/ITC such as DRIPS, Information panels, route
information devices (TfL), radar i.c. with warning
panels,..
• Tele-working, e-shopping, e-learning, etc.
Anti-tampering measures illegal parts
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other
Smart bus stop
21
Freight transport• Urban distribution/consolidation centre
using:– Vans (electric, hybrid, biofuelled)– Boat/bus/trams– Other like tricycle, cargo hopper, etc.
• Night deliveries– Quiet trucks 72 dB – Quiet operations (behaviour, portable Quiet
forklift trucks, trolleys, containers, tonnage, cool equipment, etc.
• Efficiency by planning,packaging and collaboration.(8-10% savings)
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Noise must compete with other
factors environmental factors
24
Smart Road I
Washing road Rotterdam
25
Smart Roads II
Inductive Roads
CABLES
Conclusions• Source measures are the most effective for noise
• Bundling traffic noise ++ air quality – -fragmentation +
+ road safety ++
• Quiet road surfaces do have an overall effect
• End of pipe measures are often local and limited
• Restricted zones only work locally
• E-vehicles and hybrids have limited effect for noise in
case v>35 km/hr, need low speed zones (<35 km/hr)
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Efforts and focus WG Noise
• Noise Questionnaire 2008
• Leaflet on Quiet Road Surfaces
• Comments on Green & White Paper Transport
• Review Environmental Noise Directive
• Recast Vehicle Directive
• Tyre labelling regulation
• Tyre ELV’s regulation EC
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28
Electric buses
Tentative reductions
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