Instructional Design Principles for Distance Education
Christina DavisGrand Canyon University
TEC 571January 16, 2013
Organization and Planning
from svdef.wordpress.com
Careful planning, balancing activities, and organizing learning must take place well in advance of scheduled instruction.
from Teaching and Learning at a Distance
Dick and Carey model
from instructionaldesign.org
Guiding students to learning
BrainstormVisual plan of actionFind and create contentCreate modules
Organization
Unit-major division of a course
Module-basis for class discussion and instruction, usually one week
Topic-lesson or presentation lasting one class session or discussion thread
Organization
The topic is part of a larger module which is part of a larger unit.
Unit
Module
Topic
Communication
Initial and continuous communication as consistent meaningful dialogue between instructor and student serves as a basic principle of online teaching.
From Best Practices for Online Instructors
Weekly Schedules
Inclusive datesTopicsLearning outcomesRequired readingsQuestions for forum discussionDue datesAny other relative information
Maintain 2-way communication
Instructor learner
Instructor learner
Learner learner
Communication
Email◦1 to 1◦1 to several◦1 to all◦Within groups
AnnouncementsBlogs Phone
Learner-instructor
Interaction Method
Presentation of information to students as well as the students’ responses
LecturesQuestion and answer, Brainstorming
activities Case studies Interviews
Learner-learner
Interaction Method
Instructor provides opportunities for group work
Cooperative learning projects
DebatesRole-playingForum discussions
Learner-content
Interaction Method
Students reflect on and interact with ideas and concepts
Individual projectsHomework
assignmentsInterviewsSurveys
Graphic design principles
from dpageek.wordpress.com
Because a large part of elearning involves the learner viewing the screen, it’s critical that the visual elements you choose enhance the learning experience.
from 3 Graphic Design Principles for Instructional Design Success
Layout
Use layouts to convey meaning and create relationships to guide learning
What is the relationship between these characters? Is there one?
Does proximity and spacing effect the interpretation?
Organize content
Use patterns and repetition to organize content to give learners visual cues about how the content fits together
What does this information mean to you?
Web-users are used to quickly scanning for information
This information is difficult to process because it all runs together
This is easier to process
Repetitive elements such as the bold headline and underlined section headers help the learner know how information is related
Chunking the information helps learners sort the information and understand how it fits together
Limit information to necessary images
Bells and whistles may actually impede the learning process
References
Course development best practices. (2004). Roadmap to Effective Distance Education Instructional Design. Retrieved from http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=3&ved=0CEUQFjAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.umsl.edu%2Fservices%2Fctl%2FDEID%2Fdestination11firsttime%2Fbmps.pdf&ei=rXj3UKa6OZDdqwGtyYCgCg&usg=AFQjCNF4uwbQQXY5sDGMs7apAL6N_salsw&sig2=5t5Fh7H4t2dSQNTGQJXgZw&bvm=bv.41018144,d.aWM
Dick and carey model. (2013). Instructional Design.org. Retrieved from http://www.instructionaldesign.org/models/dick_carey_model.html
Fish, W. W., & Wickersham, L. E. (2009). BEST PRACTICES FOR ONLINE INSTRUCTORS: Reminders. Quarterly Review Of Distance Education, 10(3), 279-284. Retrieved from http://ehis.ebscohost.com.library.gcu.edu:2048/ehost/detail?sid=9f91d46f-4627-4059-bf33-e619969d49b4%40sessionmgr115&vid=3&hid=101&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#db=a9h&AN=48074516
Kuhlmann, T. (2008). 3 graphic design principles for instructional design success. Retrieved from http://www.articulate.com/rapid-elearning/3-graphic-design-principles-for-instructional-design-success/
Principles of online design. (2006). Florida Gulf Coast University Faculty Development and Support. Retrieved from http://www.fgcu.edu/onlinedesign/mediadev.html
Simonson, M., Smaldino, S., Albright, M, & Zvack, S. (2009). Teaching and learning at a distance: Foundations of distance education. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.