Impressionism
Classical Music of the 20th Century
vs Expressionism
Impressionism
Impressionism
Claude Monet - Soleil levant
Claude Monet - Water Lilies
Impressionism
Goal of Impressionism Movement NOT “Capturing the subject”
Impressionism
Musical Example:
La Mer mov. II - Claude Debussy
Impressionism
The Great Impressionist of Music
Claude Debussy1862-1918
Impressionism
The Great Impressionist of Music
Maurice Ravel1875-1937
Musical Example:
La cathedrale engloutie - Debussy
Impressionism
“The Sunken Cathedral”
Impressionism
Musical Characteristics Atmospheric Non-emotional (Opposite of Romantic music) Explored other scales (e.g. whole tone)
Expressionism
Expressionism
GermanyFrance
The Scream - Munch
Sunflowers - Van Gogh
Expressionism
Goals of ExpressionismCapture “being alive”Express emotional experience… not
physical realityExpressionism also in dance, architecture,
and movies
Expressionism
Musical Example:
Pierrot Lunaire - Schoenberg
Expressionism
Notable Composer:
Arnold Schoenberg1874 - 1951
Students:Alban BergAnton Webern
Expressionism
Musical Example:
Five Pieces for Orchestra - Schoenberg
Expressionism
Musical Characteristics:Atonal (no key center)Dissonance (represents inner turmoil)Primal
Impressionism Expressionism
-Atonal-Dissonant-Inner emotions
-Tonal-Non-emotional-“Color”
-Non Traditional harmony-“New Sounds”
Other 20th Century Classical Musical Styles
Post Romantic/Nationalism - Mahler, Sibelius
Free Dissonance - Ives
12 Tone - Schoenberg, Berg, Webern
Neoclassicism - Stravinsky, Hindemeth, Ravel
Minimalism - Glass, Reich, Le Monte Young
Post Modernism/Electronic - Cage
Jazz Influenced - Gershwin, Copland, Milhaud