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Jarring is a method for dynamically transferring strain
energy from the drill string above the jar to the stuck
point below the jar.
Jars are used to free stuck pipe by generating an
amplified force at the stuck point using the energy from
the force applied at surface.
What is Jarring?
Types of Jars
Drilling Jars
Hydra-Jar
Drilling Accelerators
Fishing Jar
TMC Tools
Fishing accelerators
TT Jars
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Drilling Jars
Hydra-Jar AP
Double Acting Hydraulic Drilling Jar.
Double detent system
Fishing Jars
TMC Jars
Single acting hydraulic jars.
Single detent system.
Only up jarring blows.
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TT Jars
Used in Thru-Tubing Operations
Double Acting Hydraulic
Single Detent System
Jar Anatomy
Lower Sub
Lower Detent Cylinder
Connector Sub
Neutralizer Cylinder
Drive Cylinder
DPRS
Fluid Cylinder
Connector Sub
Service Plug
Fill Plug
Fill Plug
Kelly Mandrel
Grease
Oil
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Energy source.
Delay mechanism.
Accelerate the mass.
Impact / Impulse.
Shock wave propagation.
How does a jar works?
Inputs / Outputs
Inputs
Energy source
Delay mechanism
Acceleration of mass
Outputs
Impact
Impulse
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Input: Energy Source
=
Input: Delay Mechanism
Detent System
Allow time for pipe to stretch (PE)
Sudden release of (KE)
Metering Pin for
Temperature Compensation
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The jar contains a detent mechanism that restricts the
movement of an internal piston, This restriction allows the
drill pipe to stretch and store energy.
When the detent is complete, the piston is allowed to travel
freely from the time it is released to the time it impacts on
the anvil.
Input: Acceleration of Mass
Detent Mechanism
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The energy travels to the stuck point via stress waves, eachwave releases a certain amount of energy peaks, which
creates a tensile force that attempts to put the stuck point
into motion.
Impact: largest peak of energy transferred to the stuck point.
Impulse: total amount of energy transferred to the stuckpoint divided by the total time of the wave travel.
Output
Hammer Mass
Less Hammer = More Impact.
More hammer = More Impulse.
Optimal Hammer Mass
10% to 20% of maximum jar load.
Impact and Impulse Optimization
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Less Hammer = More Impact Less mass more acceleration
Therefore greater impact
Shorter hammer shorter duration of stress wave travel time
Therefore less impulse
More Hammer = More Impulse
More mass less acceleration
Therefore decreased impact
Longer hammer longer duration of stress wave travel time
Therefore more impulse
Impact and Impulse
Impact and Impulse
17
Pipe to surfaceImpulse DecreasesImpact Increases
J
ARJ
A
R
Minimum mass10% of overpull
Impulse Increases
Impact Decreases
Maximum mass20% of overpullFixed length
A BStuck point
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Accelerator AP
An accelerator AP tool is one that amplifies the final impact and
impulse energy released by a jar.
The accelerator AP tool allows the strain energy that is normally
stored by the drill pipe to be stored within the accelerator AP tool
and released closer to the stuck point, resulting in a more
efficient transfer of energy.
Creates a more effective reflecting point.
Stop damaging shock waves from reaching the rig floor bycreating a close jarring loop.
Accelerator Tool Design
Consists of outer cylinder and
inner mandrel connected by a
piston chamber
When forced is applied
Silicon liquid is compressed
by moving piston
When force is released
Silicon liquid expands (like
a spring) moving the piston
back
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Accelerator performance
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Dimensions.
Temperature compensation system.
Pressure balance compensation.
Special features
Dimensions
Tool OD 4 6 8
Tool ID 2 2 3
Max
Overpull 80,000 lb 175,000 lb 300,000 lb
Up Stroke 8 8 8
Down
Stroke7 7 7
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Temperature compensation system
100 F 500 F
Meter pin
Pressure Balance system
Neutralizer Pistons
Hydrostatic Pressure
Balanced Pressure
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Drilling jar & Accelerator placement options
Option # 1: Single jar placement
If working on a vertical well, it is recommended to place
the jar in tension.
If working in a deviated well, it is recommended to place
the jar in the vertical section.
If placed in the horizontal section there is a greater
risk of not being able to overcome the hole drag.
If the stuck point occurs in the curve section the
drilling jar will be useless.
Down size of placing the jar in the vertical section is
that the impact might not be hard enough.
Drilling jar & Accelerator placement options
Option # 2: Single jar placement with an accelerator
Same considerations mentioned on the previous slide
apply.
The accelerator enhances the performance of the hydra jar
by storing and releasing strain energy closer to the drilling
jar.
The hydra jar and accelerator tool combination can provide
up to 250% increase in impact forces transmitted to the
stuck point
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Drilling jar & Accelerator placement options
Option # 3: Dual jar placement
The top drilling jar will give good impacts in the curve
and help to cock the lower drilling jar, the lower drilling
jar will transmit high impacts to the horizontal section
of the hole.
Most experience shows that successful activation of
the lower drilling jar close to the stuck point resulted in
a high probability of freeing the BHA.Enough spacing between the two drilling jars (at least
1000 mts) must be run to avoid damaging the lower
drilling jar.
Jar situation:
Lower drilling jar is closed and in compression.
Upper drilling jar is open and in tension.
String becomes stuck with bit on bottom. Apply overpull load to lower drilling jar, if drilling jar fires then cock
the jar an continue jarring up.
If the jar does not fire, fire the upper drilling jar, for four times and
verify is the lower drilling jar is activated.
Procedure for dual string jars
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Drilling jar & Accelerator placement options
Option #4: Dual jar placement with an accelerator:
The upper drilling jar will provide greater forces for
activation of the lower drilling jar.
Impact if stuck above the horizontal section will
dramatically increase.
All the benefits mentioned in option #2 and option #3
apply.
Drilling jar & Accelerator placement options
Option #5: Dual jar and dual accelerator placement:
This would be the ultimate impact system for horizontal
wells.
If stuck in the horizontal section, the chances of gettingfree will increase dramatically.
All the benefits mentioned in option #2, option #3 and
option #4 apply.
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Jar-Pact Impact/PlacementAnalysis Program
JAR PACT
Jar-Pact is a proprietary software for placement and
impact analysis. This program is designed for
exclusive use of smith international personnel.
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BENEFITS OF USING JAR PACT
Jar Pact helps to optimize the placement of a jar and anaccelerator in the BHA.
The software allows us to visualize impact and impulsevalues generated for a given BHA.
Calculate the magnitude of the maximum impact and
impulse values when jarring up and down for threedifferent jar loads.
BENEFITS OF USING JAR PACT
Calculates the placement of the neutral point.
Determines whether the jar is in tension or compression for a
given placement.
Indicate if the jar OD selected is suitable for the hole size.
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BENEFITS OF USING JAR PACT
Generates a diagram showing the ODs, IDs, #/ft, of the entire
BHA.
Jar Pact gives a recommendation on the change out time.
REQUIRED INFORMATION
GENERALINFORMATION
WELL INFORMATION BHA INFORMATION
Company name Wellbore diameter ID and OD of each
component on the
BHA
Well name Mud weight Length of eachcomponent on the
BHA
Well location WOB Weight per foot of each
component
Name of person
requesting the
analysis
Surveys Diameter of the jar and
accelerator to be
used
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RULES TO REMEMBER
Jar in the transition zone.
Drill collars.
Hevi-Wate Drill Pipe.
In Tension.
In Compression.In the neutral point.
HWDP
Jar
Drill Collar
RULES TO REMEMBER
Jar in the transition zone.
Drill Collars.
Hevi-Wate Drill Pipe.
In Tension.
In Compression.
In the neutral point.
Drill Collar
Jar
Drill Collar
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RULES TO REMEMBER
HWDP
Jar
HWDP
Jar in the transition zone.
Drill collars.
Hevi-Wate Drill Pipe.
In Tension.
In Compression.
In the neutral point.
RULES TO REMEMBER
Jar in the transition zone.
Drill collars.
Hevi-Wate Drill Pipe.
In Tension.
In Compression.
In the neutral point.
JAR
HWDP
HWDP
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JAR IN TENSION
JAR IN TENSION
Neutral point below the jar
Jar will remain open and cocked to jar down
There is no risk of firing the jar when POOH
Recommended in wells with low inclination (less than15 )
RULES TO REMEMBER
Jar in the transition zone.
Drill collars.
Hevi-Wate Drill Pipe.
In Tension.
In Compression.
In the neutral point.
JAR
HWDP
Cerradocompletamente
HWDP
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JAR IN COMPRESSION
JAR IN COMPRESSION
Neutral point placed above the jar.
Jar remains closed and cocked to jar up.
The jar could fire accidentally if the drill string is
POOH too fast.
Inevitable in highly deviated wells where the BHA
below the jar does not supply enough WOB.
RULES TO REMEMBER
Jar in the transition zone.
Drill collars.
Hevi-Wate Drill Pipe.In Tension.
In Compression.
In the neutral point.HWDP
JAR
HDWP
Cocked Position
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RULES TO REMEMBER
Never place the jar at the neutral point, leave at least a 90
gap between the jar and the neutral point
Never place the jar in a transition zone.
Never place the jar below an stabilizer, reamer or any other
component that has continuous contact with the well walls.
RULES TO REMEMBER
When short interval sticking is expected higher impact values are
recommended.
When long interval sticking is expected higher impulse values are
recommended.
Be cautious when placing Jar in BHA:
Too close to potential stuck point
Too far away hinders Jars abilities to free stuck pipe
Too much BHA in tension can accelerate fatigue in BHA
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JAR PACT RESULTS SHEETJAR PACT RESULTS SHEET
JAR PACT RESULTS SHEET
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THANK YOU