“If there is no struggle there is no progress… This struggle may be a moral one, or it may be a physical one, and it may be both moral and physical, but it must be a struggle. Power concedes to nothing without demand. It never did and it never will. Find out just what any people will quietly submit to and you have found the exact measure of injustice and wrong which will be imposed upon them, and these will continue till they are resisted with either words or blows, or with both.”
-Frederick Douglass
How did politics bring about the Civil War?
1. What does the dark purple on the key represent?
2. Which region (N,S, E, W) has the most?
3. Why do you think some have a lot, and some have very little or none?
Since the end of the revolution in 1787, many Northern states outlaw slavery
Slavery continues in South where it can make money• Growing cash crops• On plantations
At first tobacco then cotton
1794 “Cotton is King” Allowed
expansion of cotton plantations• 50x as efficient
The cash crop• Industry in
South stops growing
Industrializing Factories Immigration Rail Roads Major Urban centers 22 Million people
Agrarian Closed society Rural 9 Million White; 3.5 Million
slaves 1/3 of families owned slaves 88% held <20
1. What is the purpose (point) of this graph?2. What is the value (i.e. how does it help us understand
the differences between North and South)?3. Cite three pieces if evidence that shows North and
South had grown apart into different regions.
Q & A:1) Which section (North or South) held majority of US resources?2) What one resource did the South have a majority of?3) How might this resource have shaped southern politics and beliefs?
WARNING:PLEASE continue using your notes, and follow directions as you view the next few slides. This information will help you on your Final!
Solved dispute over slavery in Louisiana Purchase Territories
South wants to expand slavery west and above compromise 36’ 30” line
Southern States able to balance Senate Massive protests in North Many begin to view south with suspicion
Sen. Wilmot urges no Slavery in Mexican Cession territory
South argues 36’ 30” only applies to Louisiana Purchase
Slave states outraged Viewed as an attack on South First major conflict between two sides Bill passes in House of Representatives Fails in Senate: WHY?
North• California=free state• Texas claims on New
Mexico given up Limits expansion
• Slave auctions in DC banned
South• Fugitive Slave Law
All runaway slaves returned from North
Requires North’s assistance
• Popular sovereignty States decide themselves
if they are free or slave• South feels as though
benefited from bill the most
• Many believe issue is now settled
North outraged: Forced to aid slave catchers
Freed slaves could be recaptured
Anti-Slavery societies fought back• Armed resistance to slave
catchers; the law• Leads to great tension
between North and South
Societies of Black, White, Women Argued slavery a sin, not just wrong Slowly able to convince many northerners that
slavery a sin Tried to use religion as a weapon
Preview: Explain how the picture below depicts the abolitionist’s views on slavery?
Slavery becomes THE issue
Exploited by Democrats to win
N. Dems. Become Republicans
Politics divides nation
Allows for popular sovereignty in Kansas and Nebraska Territory
● Northerners outraged, bitter
● See it as a small minority forcing slavery on them
Becomes battleground Free and slave set up
separate governments Pottawatomie
Massacre sparks battles• Cut off hands, stabbed• John Brown
Kansas and Nebraska opened up to slavery Final decision voted on by citizens Try to pack population with Southerners North responds by trying to pack population
with Northerners
Southerners send Brooks’ cane in celebration Seen by North as another example of Southern
arrogance and violence
• Sumner delievers speech titled the “Crime Against Kansas”
• Verbally attacks southern Senators over their support for slavery
•Beaten by Brooks nearly to death on floor of the Senate
Leader of Pottawatomie Massacre
Leads attack on Harper’s Ferry (Virginia arsenal)• Tries to capture weapons to
start slave revolt• Fails
Becomes hero in North South calls for his death South responds by
organizing militias to fight slave uprisings
“I John Brown am now quite certain that the crimes of this guilty land will never be purged but with blood”
Republican Party born in Wisconsin Anti-Slavery; Free Soil Free soil means all new states must outlaw
slavery
Not one slave state voted for a Republican
Now two parties that are regionalized
North furious• Mexican War• Fugitive Slave Act• Kansas-Nebraska Act• Bleeding Kansas• Bleeding Sumner• Execution John Brown• See South as powerful
minority forcing slavery on country
• Look to Republican Party
South Furious• Wilmot Proviso• North refuses to return
fugitive slaves• Bleeding Kansas• John Brown and
Northern Abolitionists threaten their way of life
• Afraid of slave revolts• Look to Democrats• See Republican party as
embodiment of abolitionists
Elected without being on ballot in South
South sees in Lincoln and Republicans a threat to slavery
Believe they will outlaw slavery
South leaves Union• See themselves like
Patriots in Revolution• Fighting oppressive
government
Exit Ticket:1) From who’s point of view is this cartoon?2) What is the cartoonist trying to say?3) What in the cartoon helps you understand the message?