HYDROCARBONS | MINERALS, METALS & CHEMICALS | INDUSTRIAL & INFRASTRUCTURE | POWER WATER & DEVELOPMENTS
INSTRUMENTATION SYSTEMS ON OFFSHORE FACILITIES
Ir. Mohd Hazman Che Ali P.Eng, MIEM, AFPMLead Instrumentation EngineerRanhill WorleyParsons
Layers of Protection
Basic Process Control Systems Non-safety Process alarms
Operator Supervision
PREVENTIONSafety System
Safety Critical Process Alarms
MITIGATIONMechanical Mitigation Systems
Fire and Gas Systems
PLANT EMERGENCY RESPONSE (*)
COMMUNITY EMERGENCY RESPONSE (*)
Process/EquipmentDesign
Layers of Protection
Basic Process Control Systems Non-safety Process alarms
Operator Supervision
PREVENTIONSafety System
Safety Critical Process Alarms
MITIGATIONMechanical Mitigation Systems
Fire and Gas Systems
PLANT EMERGENCY RESPONSE (*)
COMMUNITY EMERGENCY RESPONSE (*)
Process/EquipmentDesign
Each layer is independent in terms of operation
Layers of Protection
Basic Process Control Systems Non-safety Process alarms
Operator Supervision
PREVENTIONSafety System
Safety Critical Process Alarms
MITIGATIONMechanical Mitigation Systems
Fire and Gas Systems
PLANT EMERGENCY RESPONSE (*)
COMMUNITY EMERGENCY RESPONSE (*)
Process/EquipmentDesign
Each layer is independent in terms of operation
The failure of one layer does not affect the next
Layers of Protection
Basic Process Control Systems Non-safety Process alarms
Operator Supervision
PREVENTIONSafety System
Safety Critical Process Alarms
MITIGATIONMechanical Mitigation Systems
Fire and Gas Systems
PLANT EMERGENCY RESPONSE (*)
COMMUNITY EMERGENCY RESPONSE (*)
Process/EquipmentDesign
Each layer is independent in terms of operation
The failure of one layer does not affect the next
(*) Not preventing the hazardous event
Basic Process Control System
Commonly known as: Distributed Control System (DCS)Plant Monitoring and Control System (PMCS)Process Automation System (PAS)Process Control System (PCS)Instrument Control System (ICS)
Primary tasks:performs basic process controlsgenerates non-safety process alarmsprovides operator’s process supervision and interface
Basic Process Control System: Basic components
Temperature Transmitter (TT)
Pressure Transmitter (PT)
Level Transmitter (LT)
Flow Transmitter (FT) Control Valve
I/O Modules, Processor Modules & HMI
Safety System
Commonly known as: Emergency Shutdown System (ESD)Instrumented Protective System (IPS)Safety Instrumented System (SIS) (IEC 61508 / IEC 61511 terminology)Alarm and Shutdown System (ASD) (obsolete terminology)
FeaturesHighly reliable logic solvers Fail-safe and fault-tolerantLogic solvers using voting principle (e.g. 1oo2D, 2oo2, 2oo3)
Tasksgenerates safety critical process alarmsperforms process and equipment shutdown accordingto Process Cause & Effect Matrix
Safety System: Basic components
Field Transmitters (PZT, LZT, FZT, TZT)
Manual Pushbutton (Field)
Operator Pushbutton Station (Control Room)Actuated Ball Valves (SDV/BDV)
I/O Modules & Processor Modules
Pump (via prime mover)
Fire and Gas System (FGS)
Logic solver (PLC) very similar to Safety system
Detectors configured in voting arrangement by fire area2ooN voting (e.g. 2oo3, 2oo4, 2oo5 etc)Actions according to FGS Cause & Effect Matrix
Passive system – it doesn’t fight fire!
Detector location determined by Mapping exercise
Interfaced with Safety system for process and equipment shutdowns
Fire and Gas System (FGS): Basic components
Gas Detector (point)
Gas Detector (open path)
Flame detectorSmoke Detector
Toxic Gas Detector (H2S)
Catalytic Gas Detector (H2) Fire Breakglass
I/O Modules & Processor Modules
Fusible Plug Loop
Public Address and General Alarm (PAGA) System
Also known as GPA/PAPA or GPA/PA systemNote : GPA – General Platform Alarm
PAPA – Prepare to Abandon Platform Alarm
Configured as redundant independent systems (System A and System B) for optimum area coverage
Tasks:public address (public announcement)generates general alarm (visual and audible)interfaced with Telecom PABX (public addressing via telephone)
Public Address and General Alarm (PAGA) System: Basic components
Beacon
Speakers
Pushbutton
I/O Module, Amplifier and Tone Generator
Remote Access Panel
AVA System
Also known as Closed Circuit TV (CCTV) System
Consists of: Cameras (with or w/o microphones) - Pan Tilt Zoom (PTZ) featuresAudio-Video Monitor and controller keyboard for PTZ camera operationWasher tank unit (“wipers”) for outdoor cameras
Tasks:Continuous audible and visual monitoring of equipment conditionsEnvironmental and perimeter surveillanceEmergency events recordingProduce full motion video images, synchronized audio and video playback
Telecommunication System: Basic components
Non-Directional Beacon (Aviation)
VHF-FM Marine &VHF-AM Aviation Antenna
Radio Beacon (RACON) for Marine
Ex-proof Telephone (outdoor unit)
Desk Telephone (indoor unit)
PABX & LANNetwork PCsVHF-FM Marine Radio Transceiver
Vendor packages
Nitrogen Generator System
Well Head Control Panel
Turbine Compressor Panel
Custody Transfer MeteringInstrument Air package Multiphase meter
Wet gas meter
Vendor packages
Nitrogen Generator System
Well Head Control Panel
Turbine Compressor Panel
Custody Transfer MeteringInstrument Air package Multiphase meter
Wet gas meter
Basic Process Control System &Safety System
In summary
Instrumentation Systemson Offshore Facilities
Process Related(Shown in P&IDs) Non-Process Related
In summary
Instrumentation Systemson Offshore Facilities
Process Related(Shown in P&IDs)
Non-Process Related(Not shown in P&IDs)
In summary
Instrumentation Systemson Offshore Facilities
Process Related(Shown in P&IDs)
Non-Process Related(Not shown in P&IDs)
- Basic Process Control System(DCS, PMCS, PAS, PCS, ICS)
In summary
Instrumentation Systemson Offshore Facilities
Process Related(Shown in P&IDs)
Non-Process Related(Not shown in P&IDs)
- Basic Process Control System(DCS, PMCS, PAS, PCS, ICS)
- Safety System(ESD, IPS, SIS)
In summary
Instrumentation Systemson Offshore Facilities
Process Related(Shown in P&IDs)
Non-Process Related(Not shown in P&IDs)
- Basic Process Control System(DCS, PMCS, PAS, PCS, ICS)
- Safety System(ESD, IPS, SIS)
- Vendor Packages(UCP, LCP)
In summary
Instrumentation Systemson Offshore Facilities
Process Related(Shown in P&IDs)
Non-Process Related(Not shown in P&IDs)
- Basic Process Control System(DCS, PMCS, PAS, PCS, ICS)
- Safety System(ESD, IPS, SIS)
- Vendor Packages(UCP, LCP)
- Fire and Gas System (FGS)
In summary
Instrumentation Systemson Offshore Facilities
Process Related(Shown in P&IDs)
Non-Process Related(Not shown in P&IDs)
- Basic Process Control System(DCS, PMCS, PAS, PCS, ICS)
- Safety System(ESD, IPS, SIS)
- Vendor Packages(UCP, LCP)
- Fire and Gas System (FGS)- Public Address and General Alarm
(PAGA, GPA/PAPA, GPA/PA)
In summary
Instrumentation Systemson Offshore Facilities
Process Related(Shown in P&IDs)
Non-Process Related(Not shown in P&IDs)
- Basic Process Control System(DCS, PMCS, PAS, PCS, ICS)
- Safety System(ESD, IPS, SIS)
- Vendor Packages(UCP, LCP)
- Fire and Gas System (FGS)- Public Address and General Alarm
(PAGA, GPA/PAPA, GPA/PA)- Audio Visual Aid System
(AVA, CCTV)
In summary
Instrumentation Systemson Offshore Facilities
Process Related(Shown in P&IDs)
Non-Process Related(Not shown in P&IDs)
- Basic Process Control System(DCS, PMCS, PAS, PCS, ICS)
- Safety System(ESD, IPS, SIS)
- Vendor Packages(UCP, LCP)
- Fire and Gas System (FGS)- Public Address and General Alarm
(PAGA, GPA/PAPA, GPA/PA)- Audio Visual Aid System
(AVA, CCTV)- Telecommunication System