© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhiskThe Future of Cloud Compute: Event-driven and Serverless Applications with OpenWhisk
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
@Michael_beh@AndreasNauerz
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk
Please noteIBM’s statements regarding its plans, directions, and intent are subject to change or withdrawal without notice at IBM’s sole discretion.
Information regarding potential future products is intended to outline our general product direction and it should not be relied on in making a purchasing decision.
The information mentioned regarding potential future products is not a commitment, promise, or legal obligation to deliver any material, code or functionality. Information about potential future products may not be incorporated into any contract.
The development, release, and timing of any future features or functionality described for our products remains at our sole discretion.
Performance is based on measurements and projections using standard IBM benchmarks in a controlled environment. The actual throughput or performance that any user will experience will vary depending upon many factors, including considerations such as the amount of multiprogramming inthe user’s job stream, the I/O configuration, the storage configuration, and the workload processed. Therefore, no assurance can be given that an individual user will achieve results similar to those stated here.
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk
Agenda
1. Evolution of Serverless 2. What is serverless aka FaaS? 3. Why is serverless better than a traditional approach? 4. OpenWhisk 5. What is serverless good for? 6. Q&A
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk
Agenda
1. Evolution of Serverless 2. What is serverless aka FaaS? 3. Why is serverless better than a traditional approach? 4. OpenWhisk 5. What is serverless good for? 6. Q&A
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk
Everything is getting more fine-granular.
Evolution of Serverless
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhiskEvolution of Serverless
Unit of management getting more granular
VM VM
VM
Virtual Machine ServerlessBare Metal
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhiskEvolution of Serverless
Application architecture
Monolithic Application
Break-down into microservices
Make each microservice HA
Protect against regional outage
Region A
Region B
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk
Agenda
1. Evolution of Serverless 2. What is serverless aka FaaS? 3. Why is serverless better than a traditional approach? 4. OpenWhisk 5. What is serverless good for? 6. Q&A
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhiskWhat is serverless aka FaaS?
Runs code only on-demand on a per-request basis
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhiskWhat is serverless aka FaaS?
Runs code only on-demand on a per-request basis
Serverless deployment & operations model
VM
No servers Just code
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhiskWhat is serverless aka FaaS?
Runs code only on-demand on a per-request basis
“Serverless is for compute what object storage is for storage”
VM
No servers Just code
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhiskWhat is serverless aka FaaS?
Runs code only on-demand on a per-request basis
Optimal utilization & granular pricing
zzz
timecharged
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhiskWhat is serverless aka FaaS?
Runs code only on-demand on a per-request basis
Scales on a per-request basis
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk
Agenda
1. Evolution of Serverless 2. What is serverless aka FaaS? 3. Why is serverless better than a traditional approach? 4. OpenWhisk 5. What is serverless good for? 6. Q&A
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhiskWhy serverless?
CF Container VM
Application
Processand Idle
2
Requests
1a
Polling
1b
Worry about scaling • When to scale? (mem-, cpu-, response time-, etc. driven?) • How fast can you scale?
Worry about resiliency & cost • At least 2 processes for HA • Keep them running & healthy • Deployment in multiple regions
Charged even when idling / not 100% utilized
Continuous polling due to missing event programming model
Traditional model
Processand Idle
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhiskWhy serverless?
Trigger
1
OpenWhisk Engine
2 Pool of Actions
Js Swift
Java PythonDocker
Running Action
Running Action
Running Action
3
Scales inherently • One process per request
No cost overhead for resiliency • No long running process to be made HA / multi-region
Introduces event programming model
Charges only for what is used • Only worry about code
higher dev velocity, lower operational costs
Serverless model
Deploy actions within millisecs, run it, free up resources
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk
Agenda
1. Evolution of Serverless 2. What is serverless aka FaaS? 3. Why is serverless better than a traditional approach? 4. OpenWhisk 5. What is serverless good for? 6. Q&A
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhiskOpenWhisk
FaaS platform to execute code in response to events
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk
Delivered asOpen source via Apacheopenwhisk.org
FaaS platform to execute code in response to events
OpenWhisk
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk
Managed service on IBM Bluemixbluemix.net/openwhisk
FaaS platform to execute code in response to events
OpenWhisk
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk
Triggers(response)
Rules
Actions(code)
Source (events) Results
OpenWhisk
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk
OpenWhisk allows you to build up an entirely serverless application architecture
Openwhisk
IOT
Mobile
Cognitive
APIs
Data
OpenWhisk
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhiskOpenWhisk
Supported Languages
JS/NodeJS Swift
Python
Java Docker
Go Haskell
Scala . . .
Multi language
Support
Community Efforts
… and more to come
JS/NodeJS 6
Java
Python 2(3 coming soon)
Swift 3
Docker(any compiled binary,
incl Go, C, …)
Haskell
…
Scala
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk
Non-blocking
Blocking
Periodic
Support for different invocation models
OpenWhisk
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk
Supports higher-level programming constructs Chaining/
Sequencing
Action 1
Action 2
Parameter Binding
Default Name
Default Parameters
Default Value
OpenWhisk
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk
Event Provider
Open event emitter (consumer ecosystem)
Open interfacefor event emitters
OpenWhisk
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk
Event Provider Periodic IBM Cloudant Message Hub
Mobile Push Github
OpenWhisk
IBM App Connect
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk
zzz
timechargedGranular pricing
Pay only for the exact time your actions run, on a 100 millisecond granularity. When an action is not invoked, it’s not running in memory, so you don’t pay anything.
OpenWhisk
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk
Memory allocated(MB)
Time executing (milliseconds)
Instancesexecuting simultaneously (count)
Pricing modelTime an action was running * memory allocated to action
$0.000017 per GBs Free tier: 400,000 GBs
OpenWhisk
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk
Community efforts to integrate with open tools
• VS Code • NodeRED • Jupyter Notebooks • … #BuildUp
OpenWhisk
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk
Allows to package & deploy all actions, triggers, rules
into a single project
Serverless Framework
OpenWhisk
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhiskOpenWhiskOpen Engine
Docker (and potentially other abstractions going forward)
*work in progress
REST
Action 2Swift
Action 3NodeJS
Action 5Docker
Action 4Docker
Action 1NodeJS
Rule
Rule
Rule
Service Ecosystem
Bluemix Services
3rd Party Services
Self-enabled Services
Invo
ke
CLI SDKUIIDE API Gateway*
Package
Feed
Package
Feed
Triggers
Package
Feed
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk
Agenda
1. Evolution of Serverless 2. What is serverless aka FaaS? 3. Why is serverless better than a traditional approach? 4. OpenWhisk 5. What is serverless good for? 6. Q&A
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhiskWhat is Serverless good for?
Volatile workload that can be split in smaller short-running pieces.
Suited for sporadic as well as heavy load scenarios.
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhiskWhat is Serverless good for?
Serverless microservices / API backends
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhiskWhat is Serverless good for?
Define API Endpoints (URLs) and map to Actions
Define ActionsFull control over HTTP headers & body
12Serverless microservice APIs/backend
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhiskWhat is Serverless good for?
Serverless microservices / API backends
Define Actions:getCustomercreateCustomer deleteCustomer
Define API Endpoints (URLs) and map to ActionsGet: mydomain.com/…/customersPost: mydomain.com/…/customers Delete: mydomain.com/…/customers
2 1
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhiskWhat is Serverless good for?Define API Endpoints (URLs) (optionally by using custom domains)
getCostumercreateCostumer deleteCostumer
GetPostDelete
API Gateway takes care of:Context path mappingCustom host name & SSL certThrottlingSecurity
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhiskWhat is Serverless good for?
Swift Action
Mobile backend
IBM API Gateway
Openwhisk
APIHi!
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhiskWhat is Serverless good for?
Outsource compute-intensive tasks to a scalable serverless platform and implement your actions without having to switch the programming language.
Swift Action
IBM API Gateway
Openwhisk
APIHi!
Mobile backend
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhiskWhat is Serverless good for?
Data processing
OpenwhiskIBM Cloudant
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhiskWhat is Serverless good for?
Data processing
OpenwhiskIBM Cloudant
Ideally suited for working with all kinds of data like audio, image, video, docs or text data• audio normalization • image rotation, sharpening, noise reduction • generate thumbnails • apply OCR on images • video transcoding • detect objects or people appearing in images or videos
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhiskWhat is Serverless good for?
Data processing
OpenwhiskIBM Cloudant
http://ecc.ibm.com/case-study/us-en/ECCF-CDC12387USEN
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhiskWhat is Serverless good for?
Cognitive
OpenwhiskIBM Cloudant
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhiskWhat is Serverless good for?
Cognitive
Dark Visiongithub.com/IBM-Bluemix/openwhisk-darkvisionapp
OpenwhiskIBM Cloudant
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhiskWhat is Serverless good for?
Cognitive
Skylinkhttps://github.com/IBM-Bluemix/skylink
OpenwhiskIBM Cloudant
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhiskWhat is Serverless good for?
Event processing/Message Hub
Real-time Datastream OpenwhiskIBM Message Hub IBM Cloudant
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk
Real-time Datastream OpenwhiskIBM Message Hub IBM Cloudant
What is Serverless good for?
Event processing/Message Hub
Bluemix-managed Apache Kafka service for real-time build outs of data pipelines and streaming apps
supports binary dataNew
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk
Real-time Datastream OpenwhiskIBM Message Hub IBM Cloudant
What is Serverless good for?
Event processing via IBM App Connect
IBM App Connect
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhiskWhat is Serverless good for?
IoT Watson IoT Realtime Insights
Trigger events based on IoT sensor data
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhiskWhat is Serverless good for?
IoT Node-Red
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhiskWhat is Serverless good for?
Scheduled tasks
Periodic Alarm Openwhisk
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhiskWhat is Serverless good for?
ChatbotsIBM API Gateway
(Optional)
API
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhiskWhat is Serverless good for?
Compute intensive scale out tasks
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhiskWhat is Serverless good for?
Compute intensive scale out tasks
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhiskWhat is Serverless good for?
Compute intensive scale out tasks
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk
Agenda
1. Evolution of Serverless 2. What is serverless aka FaaS? 3. Why is serverless better than a traditional approach? 4. OpenWhisk 5. What is serverless good for? 6. Q&A
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk
Commercial offering home: bluemix.net/openwhisk
Open-source project home: openwhisk.org
Slack: slack.openwhisk.org
Learn More
Learn more
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk
Github github.com/openwhisk
Twitter twitter.com/openwhisk
Medium medium.com/openwhisk
Slideshare slideshare.net/OpenWhisk
Youtube youtube.com/channel/UCbzgShnQk8F43NKsvEYA1SA
Learn More
Learn more
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk
Serverless Conf, Austin austin.serverlessconf.io
FunctionConf, Amsterdam functionconf.io
Learn More
Future Conferences
© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk
Notices and disclaimersCopyright © 2017 by International Business Machines Corporation (IBM). No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form without written permission from IBM.
U.S. Government Users Restricted Rights — use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM.
Information in these presentations (including information relating to products that have not yet been announced by IBM) has been reviewed for accuracy as of the date of initial publication and could include unintentional technical or typographical errors. IBM shall have no responsibility to update this information. This document is distributed “as is” without any warranty, either express or implied. In no event shall IBM be liable for any damage arising from the use of this information, including but not limited to, loss of data, business interruption, loss of profit or loss of opportunity. IBM products and services are warranted according to the terms and conditions of the agreements under which they are provided.
IBM products are manufactured from new parts or new and used parts. In some cases, a product may not be new and may have been previously installed. Regardless, our warranty terms apply.”
Any statements regarding IBM's future direction, intent or product plans are subject to change or withdrawal without notice.
Performance data contained herein was generally obtained in a controlled, isolated environments.Customer examples are presented as illustrations of how those customers have used IBM products and
the results they may have achieved. Actual performance, cost, savings or other results in other operating environments may vary.
References in this document to IBM products, programs, or services does not imply that IBM intends to make such products, programs or services available in all countries in which IBM operates or does business.
Workshops, sessions and associated materials may have been prepared by independent session speakers, and do not necessarily reflect the views of IBM. All materials and discussions are provided for informational purposes only, and are neither intended to, nor shall constitute legal or other guidance or advice to any individual participant or their specific situation.
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© 2017 IBM Corporation l Interconnect 2017
IBM Bluemix OpenWhisk
Notices and disclaimers continued
Information concerning non-IBM products was obtained from the suppliers of those products, their published announcements or other publicly available sources. IBM has not tested those products in connection with this publication and cannot confirm the accuracy of performance, compatibility or any other claims related to non-IBM products. Questions on the capabilities of non-IBM products should be addressed to the suppliers of those products. IBM does not warrant the quality of any third-party products, or the ability of any such third-party products to interoperate with IBM’s products. IBM expressly disclaims all warranties, expressed or implied, including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular, purpose.
The provision of the information contained herein is not intended to, and does not, grant any right or license under any IBM patents, copyrights, trademarks or other intellectual property right.
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