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Topic 8:
Pulmonary Function Testing
HPHE 6720
Dr. Cheatham
Laboratory Manual Section 08
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Outline
Review of lung volumes
Terminology relating to PFT
Review of PFT
Prediction of PFT values
Interpretation of results
Review of atmospheric conditions andcalculations of volume (How volumes of air
are expressed)
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Lung Volumes
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Some Terminology
Obstructed airflow Narrowing of the airways due to bronchoconstriction
(asthma)
Narrowing of the airways due to inflammation
Blockage of the bronchiol airways
External compression of the airways (tumor or trauma)
Obstructive lung diseases Asthma
Asthmatic bronchitis
Chronic obstructive bronchitis
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD includes asthmaticbronchitis, chronic bronchitis, emphysema and the overlap betweenthem).
Cystic fibrosis
Emphysema
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Some Terminology
Restricted airflow Always means a decrease in lung volumes
Intrinsic restrictive lung disorders Sarcoidosis
Tuberculosis
Pnuemonectomy (loss of lung) Pneumonia
Extrinsic restrictive lung disorders Scoliosis, Kyphosis
Ankylosing Spondylitis
Pleural Effusion (fluid in the pleural cavity) Pregnancy
Gross Obesity
Tumors
Ascites
Pain on inspiration - pleurisy, rib fractures
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Some Terminology
Restricted airflow (contd) Neuromuscular Restrictive Lung Disorders
Generalized Weakness malnutrition
Paralysis of the diaphragm
Myasthenia Gravis - lack of acetylcholine or too muchcholinesterase at the myoneural junction in which thenerve impulses fail to induce normal muscularcontraction. These patients suffer from fatigability and
muscular weakness. Muscular Dystrophy
Poliomyelitis
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis - Lou Gehrig's Disease
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Pulmonary Function Testing
Reasons to perform PFT Screening for the presence of obstructive or
restrictive lung disease
Evaluating patients prior to surgery Documenting progression of lung disease
Documenting the effectiveness of therapeutic
intervention
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PFT Testing
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PFT Testing
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PFT Testing
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PFT Testing
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PFT Testing
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Patient Information
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Patient Information
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Prediction of PFT Test Values
Knudson Normset
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Prediction of PFT Test Values
NHANES IIINormset
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Interpretation of PFT
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Interpretation of PFT
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How Volumes of Air are Expressed
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How Volumes of Air are Expressed
Converting ATPS to BTPS
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How Volumes of Air are Expressed
Converting ATPS to BTPS (contd)
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How Volumes of Air are Expressed
Converting ATPS to BTPS (contd)
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How Volumes of Air are Expressed
Converting
ATPS to
STPD
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Laboratory Exercise
Each student will perform the following PFTs:
FVC (3 trials)
MVV (1 trial)
Each student will perform these tests under the
following conditions (at least 10 min b/tconditions):
Standing
Sitting
Research Question:
Is there a significant difference b/t standing and sittingfor the following variables:
FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, MVV