HonorsUSHistoryUnit10.1–ColdWarAbroad
ColdWarBegins
LegacyofWorldWarIIonAmericanForeignPolicy
• U.S.virtuallyunscathedfromwardestrucDon
• ImperialistpowersandAxisbelligerentsweakened– DecolonizaDon
• Superpowers– UnitedStatesandSovietUnion
UnderstandingtheColdWar} SuperpowernaDons
aJerWWII– SovietUnion=
communism,policestate
– UnitedStates=capitalism,democracy
} ColdWarmeanta“warofwords”ratherthanoutrightconflict– However,theColdWar
includesepisodesof“hot”conflictsinvariousregionsaroundtheworld.
IronCurtain} GermanOccupaDonZones– DemocraDcRepublicofGermany(EastGermany)
– FederalRepublicofGermany(WestGermany)
} EasternEurope– SovietUnionoccupiedEasternEurope
– ForcedcommunistregimesonEasternEuropeans
HarryS.Truman(D)(1945-1953)Containment
} TrumanDoctrine– ProvideeconomicandmilitarysupportfornaDonsthreatenedbycommunism
} MarshallPlan– EuropeanRecoveryPlanfromtheUnitedStates
– Rebuildwar-tornEuropetopreventspreadofCommunism
Truman&Containment(1945-1953)BerlinAirli<
} SovietUnionestablishesblockadeofWestBerlin
} U.S.andalliesdropfoodandfueltociDzens} “BerlinAirLiJ”
Truman&Containment(1945-1953)ColdWarAlliances
} NorthAtlan?cTreatyOrganiza?on(NATO)– PermanentalliancebetweenU.S.,Canada,andWesternEurope
– Ifonememberisa^acked,alltreatynaDonswilldefend
} WarsawPact– SovietUnion’sversionofNATO
– EasternEuropeansatellitenaDons
Truman&Containment(1945-1953)KoreanConflict(1950-1953)
} NorthKoreanInvasion(1950)– AdvisedbySovietUnionandChina
} TrumanandUnitedNaDonsIntervenDon– GeneralDouglasMacArthurlaunchedsuccessfulcountera^ack
– Repulsedto38thparallelbyChinesesupporttroops
} Armis?ce(1953)– 38thparallel:CommunistNorthandDemocraDcSouth� Containmentworked
KoreanWar
NuclearArmsRace} Nuclearweapondevelopment– UnitedStatesdevelopsweaponswithhigheryields
} USandSovietUnioncompeteovernuclearcapabiliDes