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History of South History of South AfricaAfrica
• Prehistorical:– Earliest human ancestors: 3 million years ago– San & Khoikhoi people: nomadic & hunters,
gatherers
• Pre European civilization:– From 7th century: rise of chiefs (landlords)
History – People & Language – Health – Hofstede Analysis – Further characteristics - Technology - Statements
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History of South History of South AfricaAfrica
• European Discovery:– 1488: Cape of Good Hope first time rounded– 1497: First voyage Europe - India Vasco da
Gama– 1652: Dutch establishment on Cape of Good
Hope by VOC– By 18th century: European settlers had fully
taken over
History – People & Language – Health – Hofstede Analysis – Further characteristics - Technology - Statements
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History of South History of South AfricaAfrica
• 1770 – 1900: Mfecane, British settlement, Great Trek, Afrikaner Republics, Boer War
• 1910: Union of South Africa• 1922: Black oppression: Rand Revolt• 1948: Institution of Apartheid• 1950 – 1988: uprising, revolts, international
pressure• 1989 - 1994: negotiations, first democratic
elections
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Population & Population & LanguageLanguage
Population composition
(%)
Blacks 77
White 11
Mixed race 9
Asian 2.5
Other 1
Total Population ± 43 million
Spoken language (2001)
(%)
Zulu 23.8
Xhosa 17.6
Afrikaans 13.3
Sepedi 9.4
English 8.2
Setswana 8.2
Sesotho 7.9
Tsonga 4.4
Siswati 2.7
Venda 2.3
Ndebele 1.6
Other 0.5History – People & Language – Health – Hofstede Analysis –
Further characteristics - Technology - Statements
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HealthHealth South Africa The
NetherlandsUnited States of America
HIV/AIDS – adult prevalence rate (%) (2001 est.)
20.1 0.2 0.6
HIV/AIDS – people living with HIV/AIDS (2001 est.)
5,000,000 17,000 900,000
HIV/AIDS – deaths (2001 est.) 310,000 110 15,000
Life expectancy at birth (2003 est.)- total population:
46.56 years
78.74 years
77.14 years
Death rate (deaths/1,000 population) (2003 est.)
18.42 8.66 8.44
Infant mortality rate (deaths/1,000 live births)- total population:(2003 est.)
60.84
4.26
6.75
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Hofstede AnalysisHofstede Analysis
PDI – Power Distance Index
IDV – IndividualismMAS – MasculinityUAI – Uncertainty
Avoidance IndexLTO – Long Term
Orientation
Conclusions South Africa: high MAS and high IDV
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Further Social-Further Social-Cultural Cultural characteristicscharacteristics
• High Crime Rate: Jo’burg most criminal city in the world (2001)
• Very unevenly distributed incomes: – Top income quintile: 66% White, 5% Black– Lowest two income quintiles: 4% White, 60% Black
• High unemployment rate, especially under Blacks and Coloured people
• Apartheid Still noticeable in all aspects of the society
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TechnologyTechnology
• Industry: 24.1 % GDP from metals & petrochemical
• R&D: 0.69 % SA – 1.96 % NL
• Internet users: 8.0 % SA – 61 % NL
• Kg CO2 per capita: 9,000 SA – 2,500 NL
• Government: R&D Strategy 2003 start of implementation
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StatementsStatements1. The international community failed the South African people during
Apartheid in the 20th century.
History – People & Language – Health – Hofstede Analysis – Further characteristics – Technology - Statements
2. Positive discrimination towards blacks and mixed races is good for South Africa.
4. The solution to the AIDS problem can be found in changing the populations attitude towards the virus or the solution should be found in the governments recognition.
3. Townships are areas of poverty just outside the city's center. The government should take its responsibility and remove townships because criminality and health problems are frequently present.