GREECEOikos Polis-tribesCitizenship--3 grpsSparta—3 grpsSlaves/helots Poor (thestes)PatriarchicalFemale infanticideProstitutionRich/poor

DemocracyAristocratsM/M-kings (anax)Dorians City-statesColoniesAthens (Draco/Solon)Assembly Sparta (Lycurgus)30 trittyesDelian LeagueHellenism (3)Trade=power Relinvasions

RomePatriarchicalFamilyHereditaryRich/poorPaterfamiliasPatr/plebiansSlaveryLatifundia

Rep—Senate/AssemblyEmp—dictator12 tablesDiocletian –splitRelMilitary Invasions/expansionTrade=powerBureaucracy/ civil serviceCap=Rome (distance decay)Citizenshiptaxes

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GUPTAFamilyHinduism/casteHierarchyManu/VedasNo remarriageArranged/child marrHereditaryPatriarchicalRich/poor

Less centralizedCap=PatiliputraLaw code26 provincesTrade=powerSmall bureaucracyRelinvasions

HanHereditaryRich/poorPatriarchicalFamilyMean people5 rela/3 subSch gentry (mandarins)EunuchsLandlords

MoHRelLaws and gluesQin-legalismHan- Leg/ConfCap—XianMand vs eunuchs36 units—13 circuitsExam systemTrade=powerExpansion/invasiontaxes

GREECESyn--DoriansPantheonTemples/priestsFestivalsAnthropomorphic12 mainOracles

PhilScienceAstronomyArchitectureHistoriansLit

Polis (acropolis/agora)Mil tech (hoplites)Colonization (cleruchy)CoinageTriremeImport/exportMed

RomeGreek/Etruscan godsNuminaEmperor worshipTemples/priests (heir)Rise of Judaism/ChrFestivals

LatinLawsEngineering/concreteRoads/aquaductsLabor =slavesCorvus & other mil techLit

Trade im/exPax RomanaMed; Silk; Ind OcResourcesagriculture

GUPTAHinduismBuddhismJainismfestivals

SanskritLit/StoriesMath/astronomyScienceSteel3 c’s of cloth

Trade im/exMalabarS RdsIronGuildsPax Gupta

HanAncestor worshipConf—relBudd—MahayanaAppealDaoismMohism

Paper/gunpowderSilk/porcelainMandarinIron/steelCoalAg techPoetry

Pax HanS RdsStirrupsTributeTrade im/ex