GIT FINAL EXAM – HOPE
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Q1.Which of the following statements is incorrect ?
The large intestine absorbs only half of the water ingested
Q2. A 30 year old women who was on OCPs for a good while has
developed a subcapsular mass. She is now pregnant. Which of the
following complications is most likely?
Hemorrhage and rupture The typical presentation for a mass in the liver in a young woman on NOTE>>
OCPs is hepatic adenoma. The pregnancy will result in increasing the chances of .minal cavitythe mass hemorrhaging into the abdo
Q3. A 60 year old male has undergone colonoscopy and a 5mm rectal polyp was
found. What is the most likely diagnosis?**
Adenamatous polyp (Check)
Q4. A liver biopsy from a patient with elevated AST and ALT shows portal-portal
fibrosis, lymphocytic infiltrate around the portal tract and steatosis. What is the
most likely diagnosis?
Hepatitis C infection
The elevated liver enzymes with the combined histological picture are NOTE>>
indicative of hepatitis. The features of portal tract lymphocytic inflammation and
steatosis particularly is seen in patients with hepatitis C infection
Q5. Which of the following isn’t true about direct hernia?
Answer: It is lateral to the inferior epigastric arteries.
l most often through A direct hernia protrudes through the wal NOTE>>
Hesselbalch’s area, which is a triangular area with 3 borders:
Medial: Linea Alba Lateral :Inferior Epigastric arteries Inferior: Inguinal
Ligament
Q6. Intestinal peristalsis is decreased in which of the following?
GIT FINAL EXAM – HOPE
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Decreases in ileum when cecum is distended
As food enters the cecum and distends it, the ileocecal reflex is NOTE>>
initiated decreasing the peristalsis in the ileum itself
Q7. Pancreatic steatorrhea is due to :
Secretin deficiency
amount of HCO3 will be decreased A lack of secretin means that theNOTE>>
in the pancreatic secretions rendering the pancreatic enzymes inactive. This will
result in a lack of digestion of fats leading to steatorrhea
Q8. In the triad of symptoms of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, renal
failure, and thrombocytopenia what is the species of organisms involved?
Enterohemorrhagic E.Coli
Q9. Which of the following can be used to differentiate EHEC from other strains?
Sorbitol
Q10. Which of the following isn’t transmitted through oral-genital sex?
Ancylostoma Duodenale
Q11. Which of the following is true about Enterobius Vermicularis ?
The male goes to the anus to lay its eggs
The male is 5-10mm long
The female is 2-3 mm long
It survives in the cecum
It adheres strongly to the small intestine
Q12. Most common location for salivary gland tumors ?
Parotid gland
GIT FINAL EXAM – HOPE
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Q13. All of the following are false about hepatic failure :
it's alawys associated with overt necrosis
Q14. Which of the following isn’t seen in a HIV patient :
Cleft Lip
Q15. Esophageal varices are caused by :
Portal Hypertension
Q16. Most common disorder of the esophagus :
Hiatal Hernia
Q17. A patient with unretractable ulcers in the proximal and distal duodenum is
likely to have :
A gastrin secreting tumor
Q18. Which of the following is a function of somatostatin ?
Inhibition of Gastrin secretion
19. Somatostatin is secreted by which type of cells of the pancreas :
Delta Cells
Q20. Paneth cells secrete :
lyzosyme
GIT FINAL EXAM – HOPE
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Q21. Which of the following isn’t true about salivary secretion?
The HCO3 concentration stays the same regardless of the rate of secretion
Q22. Which of the following innervations is incorrect?
Innervation of tongue muscles are through the hypoglossal (XII) nerve
Q23. Which of the following is the origin of muscularis externa and submucosa?
Splanchic mesoderm
Q24. Glands are found in the submucosa of ?
Duodenum and Esophagus
Q25. Which of the following statements is correct?
the medium chain triglycerides of 10 carbons is absorbed into the enterocytes
and then passes to the liver through the portal vein
Q26. Conjugated bilirubin is :
Water soluble
Q27. In which of the following disorders does ALT increase significantly?
Hepatitis
Q28. Which of the following isn’t true about Hepatocellular Carcinoma?**
it is discovered in patients <60 years old
Q29. Which of the following micro-organisms has its virulence genes affected by
calcium and temperature?
Yersinia Pseudo-tuberculosis
GIT FINAL EXAM – HOPE
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Q30. In a patient with schistosomiasis which of the following is the reason behind
the severe itching in the acute phase?
Schistosomulae
Q31. Which of the following is associated with ingestion of shellfish and oysters?
Vibrio Parahemolyticus
Q32. Guillian Barre syndrome is a complication of which of the following
infections?
Campylobacter jejuni
Q33. Which of the following is the cause of diarrhea in rota virus patients?
Non structural protein 4
Q34. Which of the following regulates the level of cAMP in an enterocyte with V.
Cholera?
Gs
Q35. Which of the following is true about the umbilical plane?
It is at the level of L3/L4
Q36. Which of the following needs a clinical history to confirm the diagnosis?
Celiac disease
Tropical Sprue
Whipple’s disease
Giardiasis
Intestinal lymphangiectasia
GIT FINAL EXAM – HOPE
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Q37. Which of the following describes McBurney’s incision?
It is 2/3 the distance from the umbilicus and 1/3 the distance from the anterior
superior iliac spine
Q38. Which of the following isn’t correct about bismuth subsalicylate?
It can’t be combined with PPIs
Q39. Which of the following regimens is the first choice treatment of peptic ulcer
disease?
Amoxicillin, clarithromycin and lansoprazole
Q40. Which of the following is the best regimen for GERD?
Lansoprazole
Q41. Which of the following isn’t true about metacolpramide?
It is combined with atropine
Q42. Loperamide:
Has a longer duration of action than diphenoxylate hydrochloride
Q43. In acetaminophen poisoning :
Activated charcoal should always be administered
Q44. Which of the following about the laxatives is false?
Magnesium compound---- Osmotic
Lubiprostone---- Chloride channel
All are correct
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Q45. Which of the following isn’t true about antiemetics?
Ipechac contains two alkaloids: emetine and ….
Metaclopramide has 5HT4 activity
Benzodiazepines have a strong antiemetic effect in patients on chemotherapy
Q46. Which of the following isn’t true about prevention of Hepatitis C ?
Quarantine of close contacts
Q47. Which of the following congenital anomalies are due to failure of the
midgut to return by the 10th week?
Omphalocele
Q48. Which of the following ligaments has 4 layers?
Gastrocolic ligament
Q49. Which of the following muscles of the pharynx aren’t innervated by the
vagus nerve supplying the pharyngeal plexus?
Stylopharangeus muscle
Q50. If the amount of Vitamin D is increased from 50ng to 80ng in patients the
risk of colorectal cancer will decrease by?
70%
Q51. In pancreatic secretions HCO3 does :
Protects the lining and makes the conditions optimal for pancreatic enzymes
Q52. Which of the following is true about proteolytic digestion of pancreatic
enzymes?
They yield dipeptides, tripeptides and aminoacids
GIT FINAL EXAM – HOPE
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Q53. Pepsin cleaves ……….. bonds, at ………… aminoacids especially at ……… ones
like tryptophan and..
Peptides- Hydrophobic- Aromatic
Q54. Which of the following supplies the distal part of the transverse colon?
Left Colic
Q55. Which of the following is not a product/feature of H. Pylori?
Adhesins
Lipopolysaccharide
Flagella
Urease
……
Answer: **
Q56. Which of the following isn’t associated with Enteropathogenic E.Coli
pathogenesis ?
Bundle forming pili
Intimin receptor
Secretion Pedestal
….
Answer: **
Q57. Which of the following isn’t true about acute pancreatitis?
It is irreversible
Q58. A patient with internal omental hernia. Which of the following incisions has
to be made to access the hernia?
Greater Omentum
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Q59. Which of the following is least accurate about colorectal carcinoma ?
In black people it is more common than white people
It is more common in people with lower socioeconomic status than higher
socioeconomic status.
Q60.Which of the following mutations isn’t important is the pathogenesis of
colorectal carcinoma?
KRAS
Chromosomal instability (aneuploid)
DNA mismatch repair genes (MMR) abnormalities
Promoter region CpG island methylation (epigenetic changes)
E-Cadherin
Q61.Which of the following describes the risk of colorectal carcinoma in a patient
with Ulcerative Colitis?
Increase in duration
Q62.During an endoscopy a patient has a bulky mass discovered that is non-
pedicled and is bleeding(hemorrhaging). Its width is the same as its length. What
is the most probable diagnosis?
Mucinous Adenocarcinoma
Villous Adenoma
Q63.Which of the following is treated by treated with medium chain triglycerides
and vitamin supplements ?
Abetalipoproteinemia
Q64. A deficiency in enterokinase will result in :
Protein Malabsorption
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Q65.Which of the following is associated with HCl secretion by the parietal cell?
Increase in the pH of the blood leaving the stomach
Q66.Which of the following is true about migration motility complexes?
They are stopped immediately after ingestion of food
Q67. Gastric lipase and lingual lipase :
They are acidic lipases
They don’t need bile salts
They don’t need colipase
All are correct
Q68.Which of the following is true about the stomach?
It contains an inner oblique muscle layer
Q69.The fate of NADH produced due to alcohol intake is all of the following
except:
Increases glycerol synthesis
Increases fatty acid synthesis
Increases gluconeogenesis
Conversion of pyruvic acid into lactic acid
Q70. Which of the following is required in the metabolism of alcohol into
acetaldehyde?
NAD+
Q71.Which of the following describes the process related to hyperuricemia in
glycogen storage disease type 1?
Increased production of Uric acid
Decreased Excretion of Uric acid
Purine degradation
All are correct
GIT FINAL EXAM – HOPE
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Q72. All of the following are complications of cirrhosis except :
Answer: **
Q73. Which of the following isn’t correct about the common bile duct?
It is anterior to the 1st part of the duodenum
Q74. Which of the following drains the tips of the lateral 2/3 of the tongue?
Submandibular lymph Node
Q75. All of the following are correct about Cirrhosis except?
Fibrosis is cirrhosis
Q76.Which of the following doesn’t have humans as a definitive host?
Echinococcus granolosus
Q77. All of the following need one or two intermediate hosts except?
Hymenolepsis Nana
Q78.FAP is associated with:
Colon cancer
The End