Transcript
Page 1: G P S F O R MAT 0 6 5 0 A Workbook of Problems for College ...XII Chapter 12: Verbal Problems Section 12.1 Ratio and Proportion Problems Section 12.2 Percent Problems Section 12.3

G P S F O R MAT 0 6 5 0

A Workbook of Problems for College Algebra

By

Prof. J. Greenstein

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

β€œβ€˜Begin at the beginning’, the king said, very gravely, β€˜and go till you come to the end:

then stop’”.β€”Lewis Carroll

Preface

I Chapter 1: Introduction

Section 1.1: Nomenclature-Terms, Constants, Monomials, Binomials,

Trinomials, Absolute Values

Section 1.2 Exponents- aN Γ— aM; (ab)N; (a/b)N; aN/aM; a0 ; a-N

Section 1.3 Scientific Notation

II Chapter 2: Signed Numbers

Section 2.1 Operations involving Multiplication; Division; Addition;

Subtraction

Section 2.2 Order of Operations

III Chapter 3: Evaluation

Section 3.1 Evaluating Algebraic Expression

Section 3.2 Functional Notation

IV Chapter 4: Multiplication of Algebraic Expressions

β€œI wish I didn’t know now, what I didn’t know then.”

Section 4.1 Multiply Monomial X Monomial X Monomial

Section 4.2 Monomial X Binomialβ€”the Distributive Law

Section 4.3 Monomial X Trinomial

Section 4.4 Binomial X Binomial; (Binomial)2

Section 4.5 Binomial X Trinomial; (Binomial)3

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V Chapter 5: Combining Like Terms

VI Chapter 6: Factoring

Section 6.1 Unique Prime Factorization of Integers

Section 6.2 Greatest Common Monomial Factor (GCF)β€”Numerical; Variable

Section 6.3 Difference of Two Squares (DOTS)

Section 6.4 Combination of Greatest Common Monomial Factor and Difference

of Two Squares

Section 6.5 Trinomial with Leading Coefficient 1 (a=1): ax2 + bx + c

Section 6.6 Trinomial with Leading Coefficient Other than 1 (a≠ 1):

ax2 + bx +c

Section 6.7 Combination of Greatest Common Monomial Factor and

Trinomial

Section 6.8 Factoring by Grouping

Section 6.9 Review of All Factoring

VII Chapter 7: Solving Equations and Inequalities

Section 7.1 Introduction to Equations- Is a Given Number a Solution

Section 7.2 Linear (First Degree) Equations

Section 7.3 Decimal Equations

Section 7.4 Fractional Equationsβ€”Monomial in the Numerator; Binomial in

the Numerator

Section 7.5 Literal Equations

Section 7.6 Quadratic (Second Degree) Equations

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Section 7.7 Inequalitiesβ€”Showing Solutions algebraically and on the number

line

VIII Chapter 8: Fractions

Section 8.1 Simplifying Fractionsβ€”Monomial/Monomial;

Polynomial/Monomial; Polynomial/Polynomial

Section 8.2 Multiplying Fractions

Section 8.3 Dividing Fractions

Section 8.4 Combining Fractionsβ€”Like Denominators; Different

Denominators

IX Chapter 9: Roots and Radicals

Section 9.1 Pythagorean Theorem

Section 9.2 Simplifying Radicalsβ€”Numerical; Variable

Section 9.3 Multiplying Radicalsβ€”Monomial Γ— Monomial; Monomial Γ— Binomial

Section 9.4 Dividing Radicals- βˆšπΉπ‘Ÿπ‘Žπ‘π‘‘π‘–π‘œπ‘›; Radical Divided by a Radical

Section 9.5 Combining Radicals- Like Radicands; Unlike Radicands

X Chapter 10: Graphing Linear Functions

Section 10.1 Introduction- The Rectangular Coordinate System; Plotting

Points

Section 10.2 Table Method

Section 10.3 Intercepts Method

Section 10.4 Slope – Y Intercept Method

XI Chapter 11: Solving a System of Two Equations In Two Unknowns

Section 11.1 Solving Graphically

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Section 11.2 Solving by the Substitution Method

Section 11.3 2 Solving by the Elimination Method

XII Chapter 12: Verbal Problems

Section 12.1 Ratio and Proportion Problems

Section 12.2 Percent Problems

Section 12.3 Number Problems

Section 12.4 Distance = Rate Γ— Time Problems

Answers to the Odd Numbered Problems

β€œWhere of one cannot speak, there of one must be silent.”

PREFACE

Many years ago, a man in Australia made a bet with a friend that he could eat

an entire Dodge Dart automobile in less than one year’s time –this was excluding the

rubber and glass parts, of course. When asked how he thought he could do it

without getting sick and dying, the man replied that he would cut the car into very,

very small pieces and eat it that way. The man was able to accomplish this task and

won his wager.

In this textbook, we will follow the β€œDodge Dart” approach. The mathematical material will be presented in very, very small pieces. It is hoped that in this way, you

will be able to easily digest the mathematical material presented.

It is our objective that you obtain a great understanding of the elementary

algebra presented herein. If you don’t obtain a great understanding, it is hoped that

you receive a small understanding of the material. If you don’t receive a small understanding, it is hoped that at least it doesn’t make you sick.

Enjoy

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Section 1.1: Nomenclature--Terms, Constants, Monomials,

Binomials, Trinomials, and Absolute Values

β€œAlgebra is the use of symbols to represent math things: numbers, lines, unknowns; and it is the study of rules for combining/working with these

symbols.”

Identify the coefficients and variables in each of the following: 1) 8π‘₯2 2) βˆ’2𝑦3

3) 7π‘₯2𝑦 4) 𝑦𝑧 5) 12π‘₯𝑦𝑧 6) 2π‘₯2 + 4

Classify each of the following as monomials, binomials, or trinomials: 7) 2π‘₯ 8) 6π‘₯2 βˆ’ 9 9) 3π‘₯2 10) π‘₯8 + 45 11) 4π‘₯2 + 7π‘₯ βˆ’ 11 12) π‘₯4 βˆ’ 3π‘₯2 + π‘₯

Identify each term in the following algebraic expressions: 13) 4π‘₯2 + 8π‘₯ βˆ’ 10 14) 2π‘₯4 βˆ’ 9 15) βˆ’6π‘₯3 + 7π‘₯2 βˆ’ 3π‘₯ + 4 16) 19π‘₯4 βˆ’ 12π‘₯3 + 10π‘₯2 βˆ’ 5π‘₯ + 1

Identify the variable terms and the constant terms in the following 17) 10π‘₯2 βˆ’ 7π‘₯ + 2 18) 6π‘₯3 + 10 19) βˆ’7π‘₯4 + 3π‘₯2 βˆ’ 4π‘₯ + 17 20) 9 βˆ’ 10π‘₯ + 4π‘₯2

Identify the degree, number of terms, and constant terms for: 21) 3π‘₯2 + 8π‘₯ βˆ’ 7 22) 4π‘₯5 + 2π‘₯ + 3 23) 9π‘₯16 βˆ’ 4π‘₯12 βˆ’ 5π‘₯ βˆ’ 21 24) 4π‘₯8

24) 2π‘₯7 βˆ’ 4π‘₯6 + 9π‘₯5 + 6π‘₯3 βˆ’ 7π‘₯2 26) 2π‘₯ βˆ’ 24

Evaluate each of the following 27) |βˆ’4| 28) |9| 29) |βˆ’24| 30) |41|

31) |3| 32) |

βˆ’4|

8 5 33) βˆ’|11| 34) βˆ’|βˆ’12|

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Section 1.2: Exponents

β€œThe only way to learn mathematics is to do mathematics. The problem is not

the problem. The problem is your attitude about the problem.”

Simplify:

1) 32 Γ— 34

3) (βˆ’4)2

5) βˆ’42

7) π‘₯2 βˆ™ π‘₯6

9) π‘š5 Γ— π‘š6

11) (π‘Ž7𝑏9)(π‘Ž3𝑏6)

13) (5π‘₯2𝑦3)(βˆ’4π‘₯5𝑦2)

15) βˆ’7𝑑𝑓2(βˆ’3𝑑2𝑓3)

17) 2(π‘₯2)3

19) (3𝑧4)4

21) (2π‘Ž2𝑏3)4

π‘Ž6

23) π‘Ž4

𝑐5

25) 𝑐

𝑝3

27) 𝑝9

2) 23 Γ— 24

4) (βˆ’4)3

6) βˆ’43

8) 𝑦4 Γ— 𝑦8

10) (π‘₯3𝑦4)(π‘₯2𝑦6)

12) (π‘Ÿ2𝑠3𝑑) Γ— (π‘Ÿ3𝑠4𝑑2)

14) βˆ’6π‘π‘ž2(3𝑝3π‘ž)

16) (2π‘₯2)3

18) (5𝑦3)2

20) (π‘š5)6

22) (5π‘Ž4𝑏6)3

𝑏7

24) 𝑏2

𝑏4

26) 𝑏7

π‘ž7

28) π‘ž12

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29) π‘Ÿβˆ’2

π‘‘βˆ’3

31) 𝑑5

(𝑀5)3

33) 𝑀2

𝑦4

35) (𝑦3)5

37) (3⁄4)βˆ’2

39) (5⁄6)βˆ’2

41) (βˆ’4)βˆ’2

43) βˆ’(βˆ’4)βˆ’2

45) π‘βˆ’3 Γ— 𝑏4

47) (4π‘Ÿβˆ’3)2(2π‘Ÿβˆ’4)3

49) (βˆ’5π‘₯2)4

51) (5π‘₯2π‘¦βˆ’4)3

53) 2π‘Ž2(4π‘Ž2)(βˆ’2π‘Ž)

π‘ βˆ’3

30) 𝑠4

32) 𝑣5

𝑣5

(π‘₯2)6

34) π‘₯5

π‘§βˆ’5

36) (π‘§βˆ’3)4

38) (2⁄3)2

40) 4βˆ’2

42) βˆ’4βˆ’2

44) π‘Žβˆ’4 Γ— π‘Žβˆ’6

46) (π‘Ž3π‘βˆ’5)3

48) (2𝑝2π‘žβˆ’4)βˆ’3

50) βˆ’5(π‘₯2)4

52) 6π‘₯3(4π‘₯2)(βˆ’2)

54) 7𝑏(3𝑏2)(βˆ’1)

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Section 1.3: Scientific Notation

β€œLook not at the flask, but at what it contains.”

Convert into Scientific Notation 1) 2,400 3) 280 5) .003 7) .00000045

Convert into standard form 9) 4.8 Γ— 105

11) 8.14 Γ— 109

13) 9.4 Γ— 10βˆ’2

15) 3.56 Γ— 10βˆ’1

2) 3,600,000 4) 410,000 6) .05 8) .000874

10) 7.43 Γ— 103

12) 3.14 Γ— 102

14) 1.44 Γ— 10βˆ’5

16) 6.18 Γ— 10βˆ’8

Multiply and leave answer in standard form 17) (2 Γ— 104)(3 Γ— 103) 18) (6 Γ— 107)(4 Γ— 105) 19) (8.1 Γ— 1012)(5.2 Γ— 104) 20) (4.3 Γ— 103)(3.6 Γ— 108) 21) (4 Γ— 10βˆ’2)(2 Γ— 10βˆ’6) 22) (7 Γ— 104)(3 Γ— 10βˆ’10) 23) (6.9 Γ— 10βˆ’2)(3.4 Γ— 10βˆ’6) 24) (4 Γ— 103)(4 Γ— 10βˆ’3)

Divide and leave answer in standard form (6Γ—104)

25) 26) (2Γ—102)

(9Γ—10βˆ’6) 27) 28)

(6Γ—10βˆ’3)

(4.6Γ—103) 29) 30)

(2.3Γ—10βˆ’4)

(8.4Γ—106)(5.1Γ—104) 31) 32)

(4.2Γ—105)

(1.4Γ—109) 33) 34)

(2.8Γ—104)(5Γ—1012)

(8Γ—105)

(5Γ—10βˆ’6)

(4Γ—10βˆ’7)

(5Γ—102)

(3.4Γ—104)

(1.7Γ—109)

6.4Γ—1015)(9Γ—104)

(4.5Γ—108)

(4.8Γ—10βˆ’8)

(6.1Γ—10βˆ’2)(2.4Γ—10βˆ’11)

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Section 2.1: Operations Involving Addition, Subtraction,

Multiplication or Division

β€œThere are three types of students: those who can count and those who can’t.”

Multiply:

1) 5(6) 2) 4 Γ— 3 3) βˆ’7(3) 4) βˆ’6 Γ— 4 5) (βˆ’2)(5) 6) 3(βˆ’10) 7) 5 Γ— (βˆ’9) 8) (7)(βˆ’8) 9) (βˆ’7)(βˆ’3) 10) βˆ’8(βˆ’4) 11) βˆ’11 Γ— (βˆ’3) 12) 4(2)(5) 13) 3(βˆ’2)(6) 14) 7(βˆ’3)(βˆ’2) 15) βˆ’8(βˆ’4)(βˆ’5) 16) βˆ’3(βˆ’2)(βˆ’8)(βˆ’1)

Divide:

36 17)

6

48 18)

12

βˆ’24 19)

3

βˆ’16 20)

8

22 21)

βˆ’11

50 22)

βˆ’5

βˆ’12 23)

βˆ’6

βˆ’18 24)

βˆ’9

25) 63 Γ· 7 26) βˆ’30 Γ· 15

27) 28 Γ· (βˆ’14) 28) (βˆ’100) Γ· (βˆ’10)

0 29)

9

7 30)

0

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Combine (Add or Subtract):

31) 4 + 6 32) 8 + 7 33) βˆ’9 + 14 34) βˆ’11 + 6 35) 12 + (βˆ’5) 36) 19 + (βˆ’8) 37) (βˆ’10) + (βˆ’11) 38) (βˆ’17) + (βˆ’7) 39) 17 βˆ’ 5 40) 14 βˆ’ 6 41) 12 βˆ’ (βˆ’8) 42) 9 βˆ’ (βˆ’6) 43) βˆ’3 βˆ’ 4 44) βˆ’2 βˆ’ 11 45) βˆ’10 βˆ’ (βˆ’5) 46) βˆ’8 βˆ’ (βˆ’7) 47) 4 + 8 + 6 48) 14 + 9 + (βˆ’5) 49) 10 + (βˆ’6) + (βˆ’9) 50) βˆ’12 + (βˆ’7) + (βˆ’3) 51) βˆ’15 + 8 + 7 52) βˆ’19 + (βˆ’10) + 8 53) βˆ’9 + 12 + (βˆ’3) 54) 2 + 6 βˆ’ 4 55) 7 + 10 βˆ’ (βˆ’5) 56) 18 βˆ’ 7 + 6 57) 22 βˆ’ (βˆ’3) βˆ’ (βˆ’7) 58) βˆ’13 βˆ’ 9 βˆ’ (βˆ’11) 59) 4 + (βˆ’8) βˆ’ (βˆ’7) + (βˆ’6) 60) 10 βˆ’ (βˆ’2) βˆ’ (4) + (βˆ’10) 61) βˆ’12 + (10) βˆ’ (βˆ’9) βˆ’ (3) 62) βˆ’15 βˆ’ (βˆ’7) βˆ’ (βˆ’9) βˆ’ (βˆ’5) + 9

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Section 2.2: Order of Operations

β€œMathematics is not a spectator sport. You have to do it to appreciate it, and doing it

Evaluate:

1) 4 + 5(6)

3) 8 + 4(βˆ’2)

5) 7 βˆ’ 4 Γ· 2

7) (2 + 3)4

9) 5 βˆ™ 23

11) 8 βˆ’ 16 Γ· 23

13) 35 Γ· 5 + 4 Γ— 3

15) 22 βˆ’ 5 Γ— 2 + 24

17) 10 βˆ’ 6(5 βˆ’ 2)⁄9 (42βˆ’9)

19) (βˆ’7+4(0)βˆ’69βˆ’3)

(βˆ’4βˆ’8) 21)

(βˆ’5βˆ’1)

(βˆ’3(βˆ’5)βˆ’(βˆ’6)(βˆ’4) 23)

βˆ’3(8βˆ’5)

(βˆ’5βˆ’(βˆ’3)2) 25)

βˆ’7

requires patience and persistence.”

2) βˆ’2 + 3(5)

4) βˆ’8 βˆ’ 5(βˆ’2)

6) 15 βˆ’ 10 Γ· 5

8) (10 βˆ’ 8)6

10) βˆ’4 βˆ™ 32

12) 18 βˆ’ 32 Γ· 42

14) 20 Γ· 2 βˆ’ 32 βˆ’ 4 βˆ™ 2

16) 24 + 14 Γ· 7 βˆ’ 8

18) 3(βˆ’4)2 + 25⁄(8 βˆ’ 3)2

(25+6) 20)

(βˆ’2+4(2)βˆ’6)

(βˆ’14+(βˆ’6)) 22)

2(βˆ’5)

(4(βˆ’7)+2(7βˆ’3)) 24)

4(βˆ’5)

26) (12+3)

βˆ’ (2βˆ’6)2

(4+1) 4

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(32βˆ’(7βˆ’8)3) 42βˆ’6 27) 28)

5(βˆ’2)+4(6βˆ’3) βˆ’5βˆ’3(8βˆ’2)

(βˆ’2)3βˆ’3(βˆ’4) βˆ’2(5βˆ’6)2

29) 30) 2(βˆ’2) βˆ’6+4βˆ™3

4βˆ’32 10βˆ’22

31) βˆ’8(5 βˆ’ 3) + 32) 10(9 βˆ’ 4) + 5 2(βˆ’3)

33) 5(2 βˆ’ 6)2 + 7 Γ— 0 βˆ’ (4 βˆ’ 5)2 34) 11 βˆ’ 4(3 + 2) βˆ’ 6 βˆ™ 0 βˆ’ (βˆ’2)3

35) 20 βˆ’ 24 Γ· 8 + 6 36) 6 βˆ’ 15 Γ· 3 Γ— 5

37) 35 Γ· 7 Γ— 3 βˆ’ 5 38) 40 Γ· 23 Γ— 3 βˆ’ 9

39) 8(βˆ’7 βˆ’ 5) 40) 8 βˆ’ 7(βˆ’5)

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Section 3.1: Evaluating Algebraic Expressions

β€œAlgebra symbols are used when you don’t know what you are talking about.”

Evaluate:

1) 4π‘₯ π‘€β„Žπ‘’π‘› π‘₯ = 3

2) βˆ’2π‘₯ π‘€β„Žπ‘’π‘› π‘₯ = 5

3) βˆ’6π‘₯ π‘€β„Žπ‘’π‘› π‘₯ = βˆ’3

4) 7π‘₯2 π‘€β„Žπ‘’π‘› π‘₯ = 2

5) 3π‘₯2 π‘€β„Žπ‘’π‘› π‘₯ = βˆ’4

6) 2π‘₯2𝑦 π‘€β„Žπ‘’π‘› π‘₯ = 4, 𝑦 = βˆ’2

7) 4π‘₯2𝑦2 π‘€β„Žπ‘’π‘› π‘₯ = βˆ’3, 𝑦 = βˆ’1

8) 2π‘₯3 π‘€β„Žπ‘’π‘› π‘₯ = βˆ’2

9) π‘₯4 π‘€β„Žπ‘’π‘› π‘₯ = βˆ’1

10) 4π‘₯𝑦𝑧 π‘€β„Žπ‘’π‘› π‘₯ = 2, 𝑦 = 3, 𝑧 = βˆ’4

11) βˆ’2π‘₯2𝑦𝑧 π‘€β„Žπ‘’π‘› π‘₯ = 1, 𝑦 = βˆ’2, 𝑧 = 4

12) 6π‘₯2𝑦𝑧2 π‘€β„Žπ‘’π‘› π‘₯ = 2, 𝑦 = 4, 𝑧 = 1

13) 3π‘₯ + 4𝑦 π‘€β„Žπ‘’π‘› π‘₯ = 5, 𝑦 = βˆ’6

14) 5π‘₯ βˆ’ 2𝑦 π‘€β„Žπ‘’π‘› π‘₯ = 4, 𝑦 = βˆ’3

15) 2π‘₯ βˆ’ 3𝑦 + 7𝑧 π‘€β„Žπ‘’π‘› π‘₯ = 3, 𝑦 = 2, 𝑧 = βˆ’4

(π‘₯2βˆ’2𝑦2) 16) π‘€β„Žπ‘’π‘› π‘₯ = 4, 𝑦 = 3

2π‘₯

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(π‘₯3βˆ’3𝑦2+2) 17) π‘€β„Žπ‘’π‘› π‘₯ = 4, 𝑦 = 2

3𝑦

(4βˆ’π‘₯2) 18) π‘€β„Žπ‘’π‘› π‘₯ = 8, 𝑦 = 5

4𝑦

19) 2π‘₯2 βˆ’ 3π‘₯𝑦 + 𝑦2 π‘€β„Žπ‘’π‘› π‘₯ = 4, 𝑦 = 2

20) 4π‘₯2 βˆ’ 2π‘₯𝑦 βˆ’ 𝑦2 π‘€β„Žπ‘’π‘› π‘₯ = βˆ’2, 𝑦 = 3

21) 2π‘Ž5𝑏2 π‘€β„Žπ‘’π‘› π‘Ž = βˆ’1, 𝑏 = βˆ’2

(4βˆ’π‘₯2) 22) π‘€β„Žπ‘’π‘› π‘Ž = 5, 𝑏 = 2

4𝑦

(2π‘Žπ‘βˆ’π‘2+1) 23) π‘€β„Žπ‘’π‘› π‘Ž = 4, 𝑏 = 1

2𝑏

(4π‘Žπ‘+π‘Ž+10) 24) π‘€β„Žπ‘’π‘› π‘Ž = 5, 𝑏 = 2

βˆ’π‘Ž

25) 2π‘Ž3𝑏2 βˆ’ 4π‘Ž3 π‘€β„Žπ‘’π‘› π‘Ž = βˆ’1, 𝑏 = βˆ’2

26) 3π‘₯2 + 4𝑦3 + 5𝑧4 π‘€β„Žπ‘’π‘› π‘₯ = 3, 𝑦 = 2, 𝑧 = 1

27) 2π‘₯ βˆ’ 3𝑦 + 4𝑧3 π‘€β„Žπ‘’π‘› π‘₯ = 5, 𝑦 = βˆ’2, 𝑧 = βˆ’1

28)5π‘Ž βˆ’ 4𝑏 + 3𝑐 βˆ’ 2𝑑 π‘€β„Žπ‘’π‘› π‘Ž = βˆ’8, 𝑏 = βˆ’6, 𝑐 = βˆ’4, 𝑑 = βˆ’2

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Section 3.2: Functional Notation

β€œThere’s no such thing as talent; you just have to work hard enough.”

Evaluate:

1) 𝑓(5); 𝑓(π‘₯) = 4π‘₯ βˆ’ 3

2) 𝑓(4); 𝑓(π‘₯) = 6 βˆ’ 8π‘₯

3) 𝑓(βˆ’2); 𝑓(π‘₯) = 5 βˆ’ π‘₯2

4) 𝑔(3); 𝑔(π‘₯) = π‘₯2 βˆ’ 2π‘₯ + 6

5) 𝑔(βˆ’1); 𝑔(π‘₯) = π‘₯2 + 4π‘₯ βˆ’ 9

6) β„Ž(βˆ’2); β„Ž(π‘₯) = 3π‘₯2 βˆ’ 4π‘₯ βˆ’ 5

7) 𝐹(βˆ’3); 𝐹(π‘₯) = βˆ’2π‘₯2 + 5π‘₯ βˆ’ 6

8) 𝐺(4); 𝐺(π‘₯) = βˆ’π‘₯2 βˆ’ 7π‘₯ + 2

9) 𝐻(3); 𝐻(π‘₯) = βˆ’4π‘₯2 + 3π‘₯ βˆ’ 7

10) β„Ž(2); β„Ž(π‘₯) = π‘₯3 + π‘₯2 βˆ’ 2π‘₯ + 6

11) 𝑓(1); 𝑓(π‘₯) = βˆ’5π‘₯3 + 8π‘₯2 βˆ’ 3π‘₯ + 4

12) 𝑓(βˆ’1); 𝑓(π‘₯) = 2π‘₯4 + 4π‘₯3 βˆ’ 6π‘₯2 + 9π‘₯ βˆ’ 10

13) 𝐹 (1) ; 𝐹(π‘₯) = 10π‘₯ + 4

2

14) 𝐹 (1) ; 𝐹(π‘₯) = 6π‘₯ βˆ’ 1

3

(π‘₯+3) 15) β„Ž(3); β„Ž(π‘₯) =

(π‘₯βˆ’2)

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(π‘₯2+1) 16) 𝑓(3); 𝑓(π‘₯) =

π‘₯

(π‘₯2+2π‘₯+3) 17) 𝑔(1); 𝑔(π‘₯) =

2π‘₯

18) 𝐹(βˆ’2); 𝐹(π‘₯) = (π‘₯ + 4)(π‘₯ + 7)

19) 𝐹(1); 𝐹(π‘₯) = (π‘₯ βˆ’ 1)(π‘₯ + 2)(π‘₯ βˆ’ 3)(π‘₯ + 4)

20) 𝑓(2); 𝑓(π‘₯) = π‘₯4 βˆ’ 1

21) 𝐺(1); 𝐺(π‘₯) = π‘₯3 + π‘₯2 + 4π‘₯ + 8

22) 𝐺(βˆ’1); 𝐺(π‘₯) = π‘₯3 βˆ’ 2π‘₯2 + 3π‘₯ βˆ’ 7

23) 𝑓(0); 𝑓(π‘₯) = π‘₯9 + 3π‘₯7 βˆ’ 5π‘₯2 + 2

24) 𝑓(π‘Ž); 𝑓(π‘₯) = 6π‘₯ + 2

25) 𝑓(π‘Ž + β„Ž); 𝑓(π‘₯) = 4π‘₯ + 3

26) 𝐹(π‘Ž); 𝐹(π‘₯) = π‘₯2 + 8π‘₯

27) 𝐹(π‘Ž + β„Ž); 𝐹(π‘₯) = π‘₯2 + 4π‘₯ + 6

28) 𝐺(π‘Ž); 𝐺(π‘₯) = 2π‘₯2 βˆ’ 3π‘₯ βˆ’ 6

29) 𝑓(π‘Ž); 𝑓(π‘₯) = βˆ’4π‘₯2 + 2π‘₯ βˆ’ 6

30) 𝑓(π‘Ž + β„Ž); 𝑓(π‘₯) = βˆ’3π‘₯2 βˆ’ 6π‘₯ + 8

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Page 18: G P S F O R MAT 0 6 5 0 A Workbook of Problems for College ...XII Chapter 12: Verbal Problems Section 12.1 Ratio and Proportion Problems Section 12.2 Percent Problems Section 12.3

Section 4.1: Multiply Monomialβˆ™Monomial

β€œI will guard everything within the limits of my post and quit my post only when properly relieved.”

Multiply: 1) π‘₯2 βˆ™ π‘₯3

2) 𝑦3 βˆ™ 𝑦4

3) 4π‘Ž2 βˆ™ 5π‘Ž6

4) (βˆ’4𝑝4)(8𝑝3) 5) (3𝑠5)(βˆ’6𝑠7) 6) (βˆ’2𝑑2)(βˆ’5𝑑3) 7) (3π‘Žπ‘2)(8π‘Ž2𝑏) 8) (4𝑐2𝑑3)(βˆ’6𝑐𝑑2) 9) (βˆ’2π‘Ÿ4𝑠)(5π‘Ÿ2𝑠3) 10) (βˆ’6π‘₯5𝑦3)(βˆ’8π‘₯2𝑦4) 11) (3π‘₯4𝑦5)2

12) (βˆ’4π‘Ž4𝑏6)2

13) 4π‘₯2(4π‘₯)2

14) (π‘₯𝑦2)(π‘₯𝑦)2

15) (9π‘₯𝑦2)(2π‘₯2𝑦)(3π‘₯𝑦) 16) (4π‘Žπ‘3)(2π‘Ž2𝑏4)(βˆ’3π‘Ž5𝑏2) 17) (6π‘Ÿπ‘ 5)(βˆ’3π‘Ÿ4𝑠3)(βˆ’5π‘Ÿ2𝑠4) 18) (βˆ’5π‘₯𝑦2)(βˆ’2π‘₯3𝑦4)(βˆ’8π‘₯6𝑦5) 19) (15π‘₯2𝑦3𝑧4)(4π‘₯𝑦2𝑧5) 20) (βˆ’7π‘₯2𝑦3𝑧)(9π‘₯3𝑦8𝑧10) 21) (βˆ’8π‘Ž2𝑏6)(βˆ’3π‘Ž3𝑏8) 22) (4π‘Ÿ2𝑠3𝑑5)(4π‘Ÿπ‘ 2𝑑4)(3π‘Ÿ3𝑠𝑑6) 23) (βˆ’2π‘₯2𝑦3𝑧)(3π‘₯𝑦4𝑧2)(4π‘₯2𝑦2𝑧5) 24) (8π‘Ž2𝑏2𝑐5)(βˆ’4π‘Ž3𝑏4𝑐7)(βˆ’3π‘Žπ‘5𝑐6) 25) (βˆ’2𝑝5π‘ž4π‘Ÿ3)(βˆ’3𝑝4π‘ž3π‘Ÿ6)(βˆ’5𝑝2π‘ž5π‘Ÿ6) 26) 3π‘₯𝑦(4π‘₯𝑦)2

27) βˆ’2π‘Žπ‘2(3π‘Ž2𝑏3)2

28) βˆ’4π‘₯(2π‘₯2𝑦3)2(5π‘₯2𝑦) 29) (2π‘₯𝑦)(3π‘₯2𝑦)2(10π‘₯2𝑦) 30) (3π‘₯2𝑦)2(2π‘₯3𝑦4)2

31) (2π‘₯3)(4π‘₯2)(βˆ’5π‘₯)

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Section 4.2: Multiply Monomialβˆ™Binomial-The Distributive Law

β€œIn theory, there’s no difference between theory and practice, but in practice there is.”

Multiply:

1) 8(2π‘₯ + 6) 2) βˆ’5(4π‘₯ + 10) 3) 6π‘₯(3π‘₯2 + 7) 4) π‘₯2(π‘₯ + 4) 5) βˆ’2𝑦2(𝑦2 + 3) 6) 4𝑦3(2𝑦4 βˆ’ 6𝑦) 7) βˆ’9𝑧2(3𝑧2 βˆ’ 5𝑧) 8) βˆ’4𝑧3(8𝑧2 + 2𝑧) 9) (2π‘Ž + 5)π‘Ž3

10) βˆ’5π‘Ž2(3π‘Ž βˆ’ 1) 11) 4𝑏(11𝑏 βˆ’ 2𝑏2) 12) 6𝑐(𝑐2 + 4𝑐 βˆ’ 8) 13) βˆ’2π‘Ÿ(π‘Ÿ2 βˆ’ 10π‘Ÿ + 9) 14) βˆ’6𝑠2(4𝑠2 + 2𝑠 βˆ’ 3) 15) π‘₯2𝑦(3π‘₯2𝑦-4x𝑦2 + 9) 16) 2π‘Ž2𝑏3(4π‘Ž2𝑏 βˆ’ 5π‘Žπ‘ βˆ’ π‘Ž) 17) (π‘₯2 + 5π‘₯ βˆ’ 6)(βˆ’2π‘₯2) 18) 2π‘₯(π‘₯3 + 4π‘₯2 βˆ’ 10π‘₯ + 7) 19) βˆ’4π‘Ÿ4𝑠3(5π‘Ÿ3𝑠2 + 6π‘Ÿ2𝑠 + 4π‘Ÿ2 βˆ’ 1) 20) 3π‘₯3(5π‘₯4 + 3π‘₯3 βˆ’ 2π‘₯2 + 9π‘₯ βˆ’ 10)

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Section 4.3: Binomialβˆ™Binomial

β€œBe kind, for everyone you know is fighting a hard battle.”

Multiply: 1) (π‘₯ + 1)(π‘₯ + 3) 2) (π‘₯ βˆ’ 2)(π‘₯ + 4) 3) (π‘₯ + 7)(π‘₯ βˆ’ 5) 4) (π‘₯ βˆ’ 6)(π‘₯ βˆ’ 8) 5) (8 + 𝑦)(2 + 𝑦) 6) (4 + 𝑦)(9 βˆ’ 𝑦) 7) (3 βˆ’ 𝑦)(2 + 𝑦) 8) (10 βˆ’ 𝑦)(4 βˆ’ 𝑦) 9) (2π‘Ž + 3)(π‘Ž + 9) 10) (5π‘Ž + 6)(2π‘Ž βˆ’ 3) 11) (4𝑏 βˆ’ 3)(3𝑏 + 5) 12) (8 + 5𝑏)(3 βˆ’ 2𝑏) 13) (6𝑐 βˆ’ 5)(2𝑐 βˆ’ 3) 14) 2(π‘₯ + 3)(π‘₯ βˆ’ 9) 15) 5(3π‘₯ βˆ’ 2)(π‘₯ βˆ’ 1) 16) 2π‘₯(7π‘₯ + 1)(2π‘₯ + 3) 17) 3π‘₯2(6π‘₯ + 1)(π‘₯ βˆ’ 4) 18) (π‘₯ + 1)2

19) (π‘₯ βˆ’ 3)2

20) (2π‘₯ + 5)2

21) (3π‘₯ βˆ’ 7)2

22) (5 βˆ’ 3π‘₯)2

23) (π‘₯ + 4)(π‘₯ βˆ’ 4) 24) (π‘₯ + 9)(π‘₯ βˆ’ 9) 25) (6 + 𝑦)(6 βˆ’ 𝑦) 26) (5 βˆ’ 𝑧)(5 + 𝑧) 27) (4π‘₯ + 5)(4π‘₯ βˆ’ 5) 28) 3π‘₯(π‘₯ + 2)2

29) 5π‘₯(2π‘₯ + 1)2

30) 6π‘₯2(π‘₯ + 4)2

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Page 21: G P S F O R MAT 0 6 5 0 A Workbook of Problems for College ...XII Chapter 12: Verbal Problems Section 12.1 Ratio and Proportion Problems Section 12.2 Percent Problems Section 12.3

Section4.4: Multiply Binomialβˆ™Trinomial or Trinomialβˆ™Trinomial

β€œSo much that happens, happens in small ways.”

Multiply:

1) (π‘₯ + 1)(π‘₯2 + 2π‘₯ + 3) 17) (π‘₯2 + 1)(π‘₯2 + 5π‘₯ + 7)

2) (π‘₯ + 2)(π‘₯2 βˆ’ 5π‘₯ + 6) 18) (π‘₯2 + 2π‘₯ + 1)(π‘₯2 βˆ’ 4π‘₯ + 4)

3) (π‘₯ βˆ’ 3)(π‘₯2 βˆ’ 2π‘₯ + 8) 19) 2π‘₯(π‘₯ + 5)(π‘₯2 + 4π‘₯ βˆ’ 12)

4) (𝑦 + 8)(𝑦2 + 4𝑦 + 4) 20) (π‘₯ + 1)2(π‘₯ βˆ’ 2)2

5) (𝑦 βˆ’ 4)(2𝑦2 + 5𝑦 βˆ’ 12)

6) (3𝑦 βˆ’ 5)(𝑦2 + 7𝑦 + 10)

7) (5𝑧 βˆ’ 6)(𝑧2 + 𝑧 + 8)

8) (7𝑧 + 3)(3𝑧2 βˆ’ 13𝑧 βˆ’ 5)

9) (𝑧 + 9)(4𝑧3 + 6𝑧 βˆ’ 3)

10) (π‘Ž + 10)(5π‘Ž3 βˆ’ 4π‘Ž2 + 2π‘Ž)

11) (π‘Ž + 7)(π‘Ž + 1)2

12) (π‘Ž βˆ’ 3)(π‘Ž + 2)2

13) (𝑏 + 1)3

14) (𝑐 + 2)3

15) (2π‘Ÿ + 1)3

16) (3𝑠 βˆ’ 2)3

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Page 22: G P S F O R MAT 0 6 5 0 A Workbook of Problems for College ...XII Chapter 12: Verbal Problems Section 12.1 Ratio and Proportion Problems Section 12.2 Percent Problems Section 12.3

Section 5.1: Combining Like Terms

Combine Like Terms: 1) 4π‘₯ βˆ’ 6π‘₯ βˆ’ 7π‘₯ 2) 5π‘₯𝑦 + 8π‘₯𝑦 βˆ’ 4π‘₯𝑦 3) 7π‘₯2𝑦 βˆ’ 2π‘₯2𝑦 + 3π‘₯2𝑦 4) 6(π‘₯ + 4) βˆ’ 5π‘₯ 5) 9(π‘₯ + 𝑦) βˆ’ 7(π‘₯ βˆ’ 𝑦) 6) 8(2π‘Ž + 3𝑏) βˆ’ 4(5π‘Ž βˆ’ 2𝑏) 7) 3(8𝑝 βˆ’ 2) βˆ’ 2(4𝑝 βˆ’ 1) + 7(𝑝 βˆ’ 4) 8) 10π‘π‘ž + 5𝑝2π‘ž βˆ’ 4π‘π‘ž 9) 11π‘Ÿπ‘ 2 + 4 βˆ’ 2π‘Ÿπ‘ 2 + 6 10) 4π‘Ÿπ‘ 2 + 6π‘Ÿ2𝑠 βˆ’ 2π‘Ÿπ‘  11) 2π‘₯𝑦(3π‘₯ + 5𝑦) βˆ’ 4π‘₯(π‘₯𝑦 + 2𝑦) 12) 6π‘Ÿ2𝑠 βˆ’ 2π‘Ÿ(π‘Ÿπ‘ 2 + 5π‘Ÿπ‘ ) βˆ’ 6π‘Ÿπ‘ 2

13) 4π‘Ž3 βˆ’ 5π‘Ž(3π‘Ž2 + 2𝑏) βˆ’ 7π‘Ž(2𝑏 + 1) 14) 2(π‘₯ + 4) βˆ’ π‘₯(π‘₯ βˆ’ 3) + 10π‘₯2

15) (2π‘₯2 + 3π‘₯ βˆ’ 4) + (5π‘₯2 βˆ’ 8π‘₯ βˆ’ 2) βˆ’ (3π‘₯2 βˆ’ 6π‘₯ βˆ’ 1) 16) (8𝑦2 βˆ’ 5𝑦 + 3) + (2𝑦2 + 6𝑦 βˆ’ 9) βˆ’ (𝑦2 βˆ’ 7𝑦 βˆ’ 11) 17) 3π‘₯2(π‘₯ βˆ’ 4) βˆ’ π‘₯(3π‘₯ βˆ’ 5) βˆ’ 16 18) βˆ’5𝑠𝑑(2𝑠2𝑑2 βˆ’ 3𝑠𝑑) + 10𝑠3𝑑3

19) 5π‘₯(π‘₯ + 4) βˆ’ 2(π‘₯2 βˆ’ π‘₯) βˆ’ 3(π‘₯ + 9) 20) 3𝑦(𝑦 + 1) βˆ’ 6(𝑦2 + 𝑦) βˆ’ (𝑦 βˆ’ 7) βˆ’ 4 21) βˆ’3𝑐𝑑(2𝑐2 βˆ’ 3𝑐𝑑 + 4𝑐𝑑2) + 5𝑐2𝑑 22) 5π‘Ž βˆ’ (3π‘Ž βˆ’ 𝑏) βˆ’ 𝑏 23) 9 βˆ’ 7(2π‘₯ βˆ’ 𝑦) + 7𝑦 24) (2π‘₯2𝑦 + 5𝑦) βˆ’ (3π‘₯2𝑦 βˆ’ 2𝑦) 25) (8π‘₯2 βˆ’ 3π‘₯ βˆ’ 9) βˆ’ (4π‘₯2 + 2π‘₯ βˆ’ 7) 26) 4π‘₯2(2π‘₯ βˆ’ 3) βˆ’ 5π‘₯(π‘₯2 + 6π‘₯) 27) βˆ’4π‘Ÿπ‘ (6π‘Ÿ2𝑠2 βˆ’ 5π‘Ÿπ‘ ) βˆ’ 10π‘Ÿ2𝑠2(π‘Ÿπ‘  + 2) + 10π‘Ÿπ‘  28) 2π‘Žπ‘2 βˆ’ 3π‘Ž(π‘Žπ‘2 + 5π‘Ž2𝑏) + 9π‘Ž2𝑏2

29) 6𝑝2π‘ž βˆ’ 2𝑝(π‘π‘ž2 βˆ’ 5π‘π‘ž) βˆ’ 7𝑝2π‘ž2

30) 8 βˆ’ 2(5π‘₯2 βˆ’ 4) βˆ’ 3(2π‘₯2 βˆ’ 1) βˆ’ (π‘₯2 βˆ’ 5) 31) 5π‘₯(2π‘₯2𝑦2 βˆ’ 4) βˆ’ 2(π‘₯3𝑦 + 3π‘₯) + 2π‘₯2

32) 2π‘₯6(4π‘₯3 βˆ’ 3𝑦) βˆ’ 4π‘₯(π‘₯8 βˆ’ 2π‘₯5𝑦 + 5(π‘₯9 + 𝑦) 33) (8𝑦2 βˆ’ 4𝑦 βˆ’ 3) βˆ’ (2𝑦2 βˆ’ 3𝑦 βˆ’ 7) βˆ’ (6𝑦2 + 𝑦 βˆ’ 4) 34) 3(4𝑧2 βˆ’ 2𝑧 βˆ’ 1) βˆ’ 5(3𝑧2 βˆ’ 4𝑧 βˆ’ 2) + 2(𝑧2 βˆ’ 2𝑧 βˆ’ 9) 35) 6 βˆ’ 5(π‘₯2 + 4π‘₯ βˆ’ 3) βˆ’ 3(2π‘₯2 βˆ’ 5π‘₯ βˆ’ 2) βˆ’ 9(3π‘₯2 βˆ’ 6π‘₯ + 8)

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Page 23: G P S F O R MAT 0 6 5 0 A Workbook of Problems for College ...XII Chapter 12: Verbal Problems Section 12.1 Ratio and Proportion Problems Section 12.2 Percent Problems Section 12.3

Section 6.1: Unique Prime Factorization of Integers

β€œSo we beat on, boats against the current, borne back ceaselessly into the past.”

Factor into prime factors:

1) 12 29) 360

2) 24 30) 1440

3) 96

4) 144

5) 18

6) 98

7) 20

8) 200

9) 72

10) 36 11) 99

12) 120

13) 48

14) 54

15) 80

16) 500

17) 108

18) 40

19) 42

20) 75

21) 27

22) 88

23) 480

24) 105

25) 250

26) 245

27) 720

28) 880

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Page 24: G P S F O R MAT 0 6 5 0 A Workbook of Problems for College ...XII Chapter 12: Verbal Problems Section 12.1 Ratio and Proportion Problems Section 12.2 Percent Problems Section 12.3

Section 6.2: Greatest Common Monomial Factor (GCF)-Numerical or Algebraic

β€œAs my pappy always used to say: there ain’t no horse that can’t be broken and there ain’t no rider that can’t be throwed.”

Factor Completely:

1) 2x – 4 2) 8y + 16 3) 15𝑧2 + 8𝑧 4) 3π‘₯2 + 6π‘₯ + 12 5) 4𝑦3 + 20𝑦2 βˆ’ 8𝑦 6) π‘Ž4 + π‘Ž3 βˆ’ π‘Ž2 + 5π‘Ž 7) 7𝑏3 βˆ’ 14𝑏2 + 21𝑏 8) 4π‘Ž2𝑏2 βˆ’ 2π‘Žπ‘ + 6π‘Ž2𝑏 βˆ’ 8π‘Žπ‘2

9) 36x2y3 + 12x𝑦3

10) 36π‘Ž3𝑏4 + 18π‘Ž2𝑏3 + 12π‘Žπ‘2 + 6π‘Žπ‘ 11) 14r3 βˆ’ 28π‘Ÿ2 + 35π‘Ÿ 12) 𝑠6 + 2𝑠4 βˆ’ 𝑠2

13) 20π‘Ž10 + 10π‘Ž5 βˆ’ 5π‘Ž3

14) 2𝑑3 βˆ’ 4𝑑2 + 8𝑑 15) 18π‘₯3𝑦4𝑧5 βˆ’ 27π‘₯2𝑦3𝑧3 + 9π‘₯2𝑦2𝑧2

16) 12𝑦7 βˆ’ 9𝑦5 + 3𝑦2

17) 11π‘Ž2𝑏𝑐 βˆ’ 22π‘Ž2𝑏2𝑐 + 33π‘Ž2𝑏2𝑐2

18) 2π‘₯2 βˆ’ 3𝑦2 βˆ’ 4𝑧2

19) 2π‘₯𝑦𝑧2 βˆ’ 3π‘₯𝑦𝑧 + 4𝑦𝑧 20) 4π‘Žπ‘π‘ + 5π‘Žπ‘ βˆ’ 6𝑏𝑐 21) 4π‘₯3 + 8 22) 12𝑐4 + 48𝑐3 βˆ’ 96𝑐2

23) 15π‘₯𝑦2 + 30π‘₯𝑦3

24) 10π‘Ž2𝑏 + 20π‘Žπ‘2 βˆ’ 30π‘Žπ‘ 25) 6π‘₯2 + 16𝑦2 + 26𝑧2

26) 36𝑏4 + 72𝑐4

27) 8π‘₯3𝑦4 + 16π‘₯2𝑦3 + 4π‘₯𝑦 28) 24𝑏4 + 12𝑏3 + 6𝑏2

29) 40Ξ± +20Ξ±Ξ² +10Ξ±Ξ²Β΅ 30) 9πœƒ2 + 18πœƒ

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Section 6.3: The Difference of Two Squares (DOTS)

β€œI know it happens to everyone, but it never happened to me.”

Factor Completely:

1) π‘₯2 – 9 30) 36 𝑔4β„Ž10 βˆ’ 49

2) π‘₯2 – 36 31) π‘Ž16𝑏36 βˆ’36

3) 𝑦2 – 64 32) 4π‘₯2 βˆ’ 9

4) 𝑦2 – 81 33) π‘š4 βˆ’ 𝑛4

5) 100 – 𝑧2 34) (π‘Ÿπ‘ )2 βˆ’ 25

6) 25 – π‘Ž2 35) 𝑔6β„Ž4 βˆ’ 25

7) 𝑏2 + 16

8) π‘₯2 + 49

9) π‘Ÿ2 – 10

10) π‘₯2 – 19

11) π‘₯4 – 1

12) π‘₯4 – 16

13) 𝑦8 – 144

14) 16π‘₯16– 49

15) 36𝑦16– 121

16) 𝑏10 – π‘Ž2

17) 16π‘₯16– 49

18) 𝑐2– 𝑑2

19) 𝑔6β„Ž4 βˆ’π‘š2

20) 1 βˆ’ 4π‘₯2

21) 9 βˆ’ 25𝑦2

22) 16π‘₯2 βˆ’ 49𝑦2

23) 81π‘₯2 βˆ’ 4𝑧2

24) 64𝑦2 βˆ’ 121𝑀2

25) 𝑧4 βˆ’ 𝑦2

26) 36π‘Ÿ2𝑠4 βˆ’ 𝑑2

27) 25π‘Ž6𝑏8 βˆ’ 4

28) π‘₯36 βˆ’ 4

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Section 6.4: Combination of Greatest Common Monomial Factor and Difference of Two Squares

β€œMy grandfather said that this reminded him of his grandfather, now this

Reminds me of my grandfather”

Factor Completely:

1) 2π‘₯2 βˆ’ 2 2) 3𝑦2 βˆ’ 27 3) 6𝑧 βˆ’ 24𝑧3

4) 4π‘Ž2 βˆ’ 36 5) 2 βˆ’ 8𝑏2

6) 27βˆ’ 75𝑐2

7) 4𝑑2 βˆ’ 100 8) 10π‘₯4 βˆ’ 10 9) 2𝑦4 βˆ’ 32 10) 8𝑧2 βˆ’ 18 11) 72π‘Ž2 βˆ’ 8 12) 36𝑏36 βˆ’ 36 13) 16βˆ’ 16𝑐16

14) π‘Ÿ4𝑠2 βˆ’ 𝑠2

15) π‘₯4 βˆ’ 121π‘₯2

16) 3𝑦3 βˆ’ 75𝑦 17) 4π‘Ž2𝑏2 βˆ’ π‘Ž4

18) 6π‘Žπ‘π‘2 βˆ’ 24π‘Žπ‘ 19) 18π‘₯2𝑦3𝑧4 βˆ’ 2π‘₯2𝑦3𝑧2

20) 4π‘₯4𝑦2 βˆ’ 36𝑦2

21) π‘Ž5 βˆ’ π‘Ž3

22) 4𝑏4 βˆ’ 𝑏2

23) 25π‘₯4 βˆ’ 4π‘₯2

24) 5π‘₯𝑦2 βˆ’ 125π‘₯ 25) 9π‘₯2 βˆ’ 81 26) 4π‘₯3 βˆ’ 16π‘₯ 27) π‘Ž3 βˆ’ 144π‘Ž 28) 7𝑏3 βˆ’ 63𝑏 29) 9𝑐3𝑑3 βˆ’ 36𝑐𝑑 30) 5 βˆ’ 5π‘Ÿ2

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Section 6.5: Trinomial With Leading Coefficient One ( x2 + 𝑏π‘₯ + 𝑐) Factor Completely:

1) π‘₯2 + 3π‘₯ + 2

2) π‘₯2 βˆ’ 3π‘₯ + 2

3) π‘₯2 + π‘₯ βˆ’ 2

4) π‘₯2 βˆ’ π‘₯ βˆ’ 2

5) 𝑦2 + 5𝑦 + 6

6) 𝑦2 + 𝑦 βˆ’ 6

7) 𝑦2 βˆ’ 𝑦 βˆ’ 6

8) 𝑦2 βˆ’ 5𝑦 βˆ’ 6

9) 𝑧2 + 4𝑧 + 3

10) 𝑧2 βˆ’ 4𝑧 + 3

11) 𝑧2 βˆ’ 2𝑧 βˆ’ 3

12) 𝑧2 + 2𝑧 βˆ’ 3

13) π‘Ž2 +10a +24

14) 𝑏2 + 7𝑏 βˆ’ 30

15) 𝑐2 βˆ’ 6𝑐 + 8

16) π‘Ÿ2 βˆ’ 13π‘Ÿ + 30

17) 𝑠2 βˆ’ 9𝑠 + 18

18) 𝑑2 βˆ’ 4𝑑 βˆ’ 12

19) 𝑀2 + 2𝑀 βˆ’ 15

20) 𝑑2 βˆ’ 11𝑑 + 28

) π‘₯2 βˆ’ 2π‘₯ βˆ’ 48

) 𝑦2 βˆ’ 3𝑦 βˆ’ 54

) 𝑧2 βˆ’ 17𝑧 + 30

) π‘Ž2 + 4π‘Ž βˆ’ 60

) 𝑏2 + 10𝑏 + 25

) 𝑐2 + 5𝑐 βˆ’ 14

) 𝑑2 βˆ’ 16𝑑 + 28

) π‘₯2 βˆ’ 8π‘₯ βˆ’ 20

) 𝑦2 + 5𝑦 βˆ’ 66

) 𝑣2 + 6𝑣 βˆ’ 55

) 𝑒2 + 6𝑒 + 5

) π‘Ž2 βˆ’ 3π‘Ž βˆ’ 10

) 𝑏2 βˆ’ 6𝑏 βˆ’ 16

) 𝑐2 + 7𝑐 βˆ’ 18

) 𝑑2 + 9𝑑 + 20

) π‘₯2 βˆ’ 5π‘₯ βˆ’ 36

) 𝑦2 + 14𝑦 + 40

) 𝑧2 + 6𝑧 + 5

) π‘Ž2 + 14π‘Ž + 48

) 𝑏2 + 𝑏 βˆ’ 72

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Section 6.6: Trinomials with Leading Coefficients Other Than One

(π‘Žπ‘₯2 + 𝑏π‘₯ + 𝑐) Factor Completely:

1) 2π‘₯2 + 5π‘₯ + 2 2) 2π‘₯2 βˆ’ 5π‘₯ + 2 3) 2π‘₯2 βˆ’ 3π‘₯ βˆ’ 2 4) 2π‘₯2 + 3π‘₯ βˆ’ 2 5) 3𝑦2 βˆ’ 7𝑦 + 2 6) 3𝑦2 + 7𝑦 + 2 7) 3𝑦2 βˆ’ 5𝑦 + 2 8) 3𝑦2 + 5𝑦 + 2 9) 5𝑧2 βˆ’ 14𝑧 βˆ’ 3

10) 5𝑧2 + 14𝑧 βˆ’ 3

11) 5𝑧2 βˆ’ 16𝑧 + 3

12) 5𝑧2 + 16𝑧 + 3

13) 3π‘Ž2 βˆ’ π‘Ž βˆ’ 2

14) 5𝑏2 + 2𝑏 βˆ’ 3

15) 3𝑐2 βˆ’ 7𝑐 + 4

16) 4𝑑2 + 5𝑑 βˆ’ 6

17) 4𝑔2 + 10𝑔 βˆ’ 24

18) 6π‘Ÿ2 + 11π‘Ÿ + 5

19) 6𝑠2 βˆ’ 7𝑠 βˆ’ 5

20) 8𝑑2 βˆ’ 6𝑑 βˆ’ 9

21) 8𝑒2 + 18𝑒 + 9

22) 9𝑣2 + 12𝑣 + 4

23) 9𝑀2 + 6𝑀 βˆ’ 8

24) 10π‘₯2 βˆ’ 19π‘₯ + 6

25) 12𝑦2 + 8𝑦 βˆ’ 15

26) 14𝑧2 βˆ’ 19𝑧 βˆ’ 3

27) 15π‘Ž2 + π‘Ž βˆ’ 6

28) 16𝑏2 βˆ’ 4𝑏 + 25

29) 16𝑐2 + 8𝑐 + 1

30) 20𝑑2 + 3𝑑 βˆ’ 2

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Section 6.7: Combination of Greatest Common Monomial. Factor and Trinomial

Factor Completely:

1) 4π‘₯2 βˆ’ 4π‘₯ βˆ’ 8

2) 2π‘₯3 + 4π‘₯2 + 2π‘₯

3) 𝑧5 βˆ’ 2𝑧4 βˆ’ 3𝑧3

4) 5π‘Ž2 βˆ’ 40π‘Ž βˆ’ 45

5) 6𝑏2 βˆ’ 6𝑏 βˆ’ 120

6) 2𝑐2 βˆ’ 6𝑐 βˆ’ 20

7) 4𝑏2 + 20𝑏 + 24

8) 3π‘Ÿ3 βˆ’ 3π‘Ÿ2 βˆ’ 18π‘Ÿ

9) 5𝑠4 βˆ’ 30𝑠3 βˆ’ 35𝑠2

10) 2𝑑3 + 26𝑑2 βˆ’ 60𝑑

11) 4𝑒4 + 12𝑒3 + 8𝑒2

12) 4𝑣2 + 16𝑣 + 12

13) 6π‘₯2 + 30π‘₯ + 36

14) 8𝑀3 + 24𝑀2 + 16𝑀

15) 8𝑦2 + 32𝑦 + 24

16) 10𝑧2 + 70𝑧 βˆ’ 300

17) 11π‘Ž2 βˆ’ 66π‘Ž+88

18) 12𝑏4 + 24𝑏3 βˆ’ 180𝑏2

19) 15𝑐2 βˆ’ 45𝑐 βˆ’ 150

20) 20𝑑2 βˆ’ 160𝑑 βˆ’ 400

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Section 6.8: Factoring by Grouping

β€œThe person who does the work is the only one who learns.”

Factor by Grouping

1) π‘₯(π‘₯ + 4) + 2(π‘₯ + 4)

3) 𝑧(𝑧 + 9) βˆ’ 7(𝑧 + 9)

5) 4𝑏(𝑏 + 7) + 3(𝑏 + 7)

7) 7𝑑(𝑑 βˆ’ 8) βˆ’ 5(𝑑 βˆ’ 8)

9) π‘₯3 βˆ’ 6π‘₯2 + 4π‘₯ βˆ’ 24

11) 𝑧3 βˆ’ 4𝑧2 + 3𝑧 βˆ’ 12

13) 2π‘₯2 + 4π‘₯ + 3π‘₯ + 6

15) 4𝑧2 βˆ’ 𝑧 βˆ’ 8𝑧 + 2

17) 3π‘₯3 + 9π‘₯2𝑦 βˆ’ 4π‘₯ βˆ’ 12𝑦

19) 5π‘Ž2𝑏+15π‘Ž2𝑐 βˆ’ 6𝑏 βˆ’ 18𝑐

21) 63𝑒2𝑣 + 18𝑒2𝑀 + 35𝑣π‘₯ + 10𝑀π‘₯

2) 𝑦(𝑦 βˆ’ 6) + 5(𝑦 βˆ’ 6)

4) π‘Ž(π‘Ž βˆ’ 3) βˆ’ 8(π‘Ž βˆ’ 3)

6) 5𝑐(𝑐 + 11) βˆ’ 8(𝑐 + 11)

8) 12π‘Ÿ(π‘Ÿ βˆ’ 1) βˆ’ 17(π‘Ÿ βˆ’ 1)

10) 𝑦3 + 5𝑦2 βˆ’ 6𝑦 βˆ’ 30

12) π‘Ž4 + 3π‘Ž3 βˆ’ 6π‘Ž βˆ’ 18

14) 2𝑦2 βˆ’ 3𝑦 βˆ’ 14𝑦 + 21

16) π‘Ž2 βˆ’ 6π‘Ž βˆ’ 6π‘Ž + 36

18) 4π‘₯𝑦2 + 20𝑦2𝑧 + 3π‘₯ + 15𝑧

20) 21π‘Ÿπ‘  βˆ’ 35π‘Ÿπ‘‘ + 12𝑠𝑣 βˆ’ 20𝑑𝑣

22) 12π‘₯𝑦 + 15π‘₯𝑧 + 20π‘₯π‘Ÿ + 25π‘§π‘Ÿ

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Section 6.9: Review of All Factoring

Factor Completely: 1) 36βˆ’π‘₯2

2) π‘₯2 βˆ’ 7π‘₯ βˆ’ 60 3) 28π‘Ž2𝑏3 βˆ’ 35π‘Ž2𝑏2 + 7π‘Žπ‘ 4) 3𝑦2 βˆ’ 12𝑦 βˆ’ 15 5) π‘₯4 βˆ’ 1 6) 8𝑦3𝑧3 βˆ’ 32𝑦𝑧 7) 16π‘Ž16 βˆ’ 25 8) 3𝑏2 βˆ’ 5𝑏 βˆ’ 2 9) 4π‘₯𝑦𝑧 + 5π‘₯𝑦 + 6𝑦𝑧 10) 9 βˆ’ 25π‘Ž2

11) 𝑏4𝑐2 βˆ’ 𝑐2

12) 𝑑2 βˆ’ 4𝑑 + 3 13) π‘Ÿ2 + 7π‘Ÿ βˆ’ 30 14) 9𝑠2 + 12𝑠 + 4 15) 𝑑2 + 12𝑑 + 10 16) 9𝑒3 βˆ’ 27𝑒2 βˆ’ 90𝑒 17) 15𝑣3 + 12𝑣2

18) 12π‘₯4𝑦 βˆ’ 8π‘₯3𝑦 βˆ’ 4π‘₯2𝑦 + 4π‘₯𝑦 19) 4π‘₯2 βˆ’ 4π‘₯ 20) 42 βˆ’ 13π‘₯ + π‘₯2

21) 20π‘₯2𝑦 βˆ’ 25π‘₯𝑦2 + 30π‘₯𝑦 22) 6𝑧2 βˆ’ 7𝑧 βˆ’ 5 23) π‘₯4 βˆ’ 16 24) 8𝑦2 βˆ’ 18 25) 2𝑧2 βˆ’ 7𝑧 βˆ’ 15 26) 2π‘Ž3 βˆ’ 20π‘Ž2 + 48π‘Ž 27) 21 + 10𝑏 + 𝑏2

28) 40π‘Ž3𝑏2 βˆ’ 20π‘Ž2𝑏 + 10π‘Žπ‘2 + 5π‘Žπ‘ 29) π‘₯2 βˆ’ 25 30) 6π‘₯2 βˆ’ 5π‘₯ βˆ’ 4 31) 6π‘₯2 + 6π‘₯ βˆ’ 5π‘₯ βˆ’ 5 32) 4𝑦2 + 16𝑦 + 3𝑦 + 12 33) 6π‘₯𝑧2 + 9𝑦𝑧2 + 10π‘₯ + 15𝑦 34) 15π‘Ž2𝑏 βˆ’ 20π‘Ž2𝑐 βˆ’ 21𝑏 + 28𝑐

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Section 7.1: Is a Given Number a Solution to an Equation

β€œIn mathematics, we never understand things, but just get used to them.”

Determine whether or not the given number is a solution to the equation 1) π‘₯ = βˆ’1, and 15π‘₯ + 20 = 5

2) 𝑦 = βˆ’2, and 12 βˆ’ 5𝑦 = 2

3) 𝑧 = 3, and 10 βˆ’ 4𝑧 = 1 βˆ’ 𝑧

4) π‘Ž = 4, and 8 βˆ’ 4π‘Ž + 2 = 3(2 βˆ’ π‘Ž)

5) 𝑏 = 2, and 3(𝑏 βˆ’ 5) + 6 = 2(𝑏 + 1)

6) 𝑐 = βˆ’3, and 𝑐 βˆ’ 4(𝑐 + 5) = 4 βˆ’ 2(1 βˆ’ 𝑐)

7) 𝑑 = βˆ’1, and 𝑑2 βˆ’ 4𝑑 + 3 = 0

8) π‘Ÿ = 6, and π‘Ÿ2 + 10π‘Ÿ + 24 = 0

9) 𝑠 = βˆ’2, and 𝑠2 = 𝑠 + 2

10) 𝑑 = 2, and (𝑑 βˆ’ 2)(𝑑 + 5) = 0

11) 𝑀 = βˆ’3, and (𝑀 βˆ’ 3)(𝑀 + 1) = 0

12) π‘₯ = 8, and (π‘₯ βˆ’ 8)(π‘₯ + 4)(π‘₯ + 3)(π‘₯ + 2) = 0

13) 𝑦 = βˆ’1, and 2𝑦3 βˆ’ 4𝑦2 + 𝑦 βˆ’ 9 = 0

14) 𝑧 = 1, and 2𝑧4 βˆ’ 3𝑧3 + 4𝑧2 + 5𝑧 βˆ’ 6 = 0

15) π‘Ž = βˆ’7, and 9 βˆ’ (π‘Ž βˆ’ 3) + 4π‘Ž = 5π‘Ž βˆ’ 5(π‘Ž + 2) + 6

16) 𝑏 = 4, and 3(2𝑏 βˆ’ 3) βˆ’ 4(3𝑏 βˆ’ 1) + 5 = 6(4 βˆ’ 2𝑏)

17) 𝑐 = 1, and 9(2𝑐 + 3) βˆ’ 8𝑐 = 5(3𝑐 + 1) + 16

18) π‘₯ = βˆ’3, and 2(1 βˆ’ 2π‘₯) + 3(4π‘₯ + 5) = 4 βˆ’ (1 βˆ’ 4π‘₯)

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Section 7.2: Linear (First Degree) Equations

β€œTouching the dull formulas with his wand, he turned them into poetry.”

Solve each equation: 1) 4π‘₯ = 36 2) 6π‘₯ = 72 3) βˆ’5π‘₯ = 20 4) βˆ’8π‘₯ = 48 5) βˆ’2𝑦 + 1 = 15 6) 2𝑦 + 4𝑦 = 54 7) 𝑦 + 3𝑦 + 5𝑦 = 81 8) 4𝑦 + 6𝑦 + 2𝑦 = 60 9) 3𝑧 + 4 = 31 10) 5𝑧 βˆ’ 9 = 41 11) 2π‘Ž + 7 = 3π‘Ž βˆ’ 9 12) 3π‘Ž + 7 = 8π‘Ž βˆ’ 18 13) 5𝑏 + 11 = 7𝑏 βˆ’ 3 14) 2π‘₯ + 3π‘₯ βˆ’ 9 = 4π‘₯ + 5π‘₯ + 3 15) 5 + 3(π‘₯ + 1) = 8 16) 2(𝑐 + 4) = 3(𝑐 βˆ’ 5) 17) βˆ’4(𝑐 + 3) = 5(𝑐 + 3) 18) 8(𝑑 + 4) = 5𝑑 βˆ’ 28 19) 20 βˆ’ 5𝑑 = βˆ’2(𝑑 βˆ’ 1) 20) 10 βˆ’ 9π‘Ÿ = 8 βˆ’ 3(π‘Ÿ + 2) 21) π‘Ÿ βˆ’ 6(π‘Ÿ βˆ’ 4) = 3 βˆ’ (3 βˆ’ 7π‘Ÿ) 22) 5 βˆ’ 2(𝑠 + 3) + 20 = 5(2𝑠 βˆ’ 1) 23) 3𝑠 βˆ’ 5(1 βˆ’ 𝑠) = 3(𝑠 + 1) + 2 24) 6 βˆ’ 2(𝑑 βˆ’ 5) = 12 + 3(2𝑑 βˆ’ 4) 25) 3(𝑑 βˆ’ 2) βˆ’ 2 = 5(𝑑 + 3) βˆ’ 7(𝑑 βˆ’ 1) 26) (𝑒 βˆ’ 3) βˆ’ 2(𝑒 βˆ’ 4) = 5(𝑒 βˆ’ 6) βˆ’ 𝑒 27) 2(𝑣 βˆ’ 3) βˆ’ (𝑣 βˆ’ 4) = 4(3 βˆ’ 𝑣) 28) 2(π‘₯ + 1) + 4(2π‘₯ βˆ’ 3) = 3 βˆ’ (4π‘₯ + 1) 29) 40π‘₯ + 60(π‘₯ βˆ’ 1) = 40 + 20(π‘₯ βˆ’ 1) 30) 5 βˆ’ (𝑦 βˆ’ 3) + 3𝑦 = 4𝑦 βˆ’ 5(𝑦 + 3) βˆ’ 1 31) 5 βˆ’ 2(𝑧 + 3) + 20 = 5(2𝑧 βˆ’ 1) 32) 2(3π‘₯ + 1) + 4(5π‘₯ + 2) + 6(7π‘₯ + 9) = 64 33) 20(2𝑧 + 3) + 40(3𝑧 + 4) + 60(8𝑧 + 1) = 920 34) 2(𝑧 + 3) + 5(𝑧 + 4) = 6(2𝑧 + 9) + 8(3𝑧 βˆ’ 4)

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Section 7.3: Decimal Equations

β€œWhatever we invent in mathematics seems independent of our inventing.” β€œMathematics lies in an enchanted world, somewhere between reality and

imagination.”

Solve for each variable: 1) . 4π‘₯ = .8 2) . 6π‘₯ = 1.8 3) 2.4π‘₯ + 1.2π‘₯ = 7.2 4) . 3𝑦 + 2 = 1.2 5) 2.4𝑦 + 3 = 7.8 6) 𝑦 + .4 = 5 7) . 02𝑧 = 4 8) . 4𝑧 = .16 9) . 02𝑧 = .7𝑧 + .68 10) 7.4 = 1.8π‘Ž βˆ’ 16 11) . 04π‘Ž βˆ’ 3.2 = .2π‘Ž 12) . 3π‘Ž βˆ’ 1.2 = .1π‘Ž + .4 13) . 48 βˆ’ .09𝑏 = 1.88 14) 1.5𝑏 + 2 = 1.7𝑏 βˆ’ 4.6 15) . 5(5𝑐 βˆ’ 1) βˆ’ .2(𝑐 + 4) = 1 16) . 25(3𝑐 βˆ’ 4) βˆ’ .2 = .25𝑐 + .3 17) 1.6π‘Ÿ + 1.51 = .09π‘Ÿ 18) . 48 βˆ’ .07π‘Ÿ = .89π‘Ÿ 19) 1.2𝑠 βˆ’ 4 = .4𝑠 + 28 20) 3.5𝑠 βˆ’ 1.5 = 3.14𝑠 + 2.10 21) 3.6𝑑 + 1.73 = 2.86𝑑 βˆ’ .49 22) . 17𝑀 + 1.56 = .14𝑀 + 1.2 23) 𝑀 + 0.24 = 1.6𝑀 βˆ’ 0.84 24) 0.02π‘₯ + 0.4π‘₯ + 2.1 = 0 25) . 08(π‘₯ + 1) βˆ’ .4(π‘₯ + 2) = .24 26) . 04π‘₯(π‘₯ + 2) + .2(π‘₯ + 4) = .16 27) . 002𝑦 = 6 28) . 004𝑦 + 3.2 = .02𝑦 29) . 006𝑧 + .04𝑧 + .2𝑧 = .496 30) π‘₯ + .3π‘₯ + .03π‘₯ + .003π‘₯ = 3.9

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Section 7.4: Fractional Equations with Monomials in the Numerator or Binomials in the Numerator

β€œOn earth, the broken arcs; in heaven, a perfect round.”

Solve each equation

π‘₯ 7π‘₯βˆ’

5π‘₯ π‘₯ 5 1) = 4 18) = +

5 6 8 3 24

3π‘₯ 1 3 7 27 2) = 9 19) + + =

7 π‘₯ 2π‘₯ 8π‘₯ 64

βˆ’5π‘₯ 1 5 4 3) = 10 20) + + = 1

8 4π‘₯ 12π‘₯ 3π‘₯

3 2π‘₯ π‘₯βˆ’1 4) 𝑦 βˆ’

14

= 21) = 2 3 4

1 𝑦 2 3 5) + = 2 22) =

9 27 π‘₯βˆ’4 π‘₯βˆ’5

𝑦 𝑦 3 3π‘₯ π‘₯+1 6) + = 23) =

2 4 8 5 2

1 5 π‘₯ π‘₯βˆ’2 βˆ’

1 7) = 24) + = 6

𝑧 3𝑧 6 3 5

1 1 2 π‘₯+2 π‘₯βˆ’1 8) + = 25) + = 5

π‘Ž 15 3 3 6

1 4 3 π‘₯βˆ’1 2(π‘₯+2) βˆ’

4 9) + = 26) + = 9

5π‘₯ 2 5 π‘₯ 9 3

π‘₯ 7π‘₯ 11 π‘₯+1 4π‘₯βˆ’1 2 10) + = 27) + =

3 12 6 5 15 15

2𝑏 7 2(π‘₯βˆ’5) 3π‘₯ π‘₯+5 βˆ’

1 11) =b + 28) + =

3 2 6 6 5 10

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12) π‘Ÿ 3π‘Ÿ 16

+ = 3 5 5

29) π‘₯ 2(π‘₯βˆ’1)

βˆ’ π‘₯+5

+ = 1 5 9 10

13) 𝑠

βˆ’ 5𝑠 βˆ’1

= 2 9 6

30) π‘₯ π‘₯ π‘₯ π‘₯

+ + + = 15 2 4 8 16

14) 𝑑 2𝑑 23

+ = 9 5 15

15) π‘₯ π‘₯ π‘₯

+ + =12 12 6 4

16) 12 3 9

+ = 𝑦 2𝑦 4

17) 1 3 2

+ = 2𝑧 8 𝑧

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Section 7.5: Literal Equations

β€œI’d rather listen to a tree than to a mathematician.”

Solve for the indicated variable:

1) Solve for r: 𝑑 = π‘Ÿπ‘‘

2) Solve for l: 𝐴 = 𝑙𝑀

3) Solve for I: 𝑉 = 𝐼𝑅

4) Solve for r: 𝐢 = 2πœ‹π‘Ÿ

5) Solve for h: 𝐴 = 1

π‘β„Ž 2

6) Solve for h: 𝑉 = π‘™π‘€β„Ž

7) Solve for R: 𝑃𝑉 = 𝑛𝑅𝑇

8) Solve for r: 𝐼 = π‘π‘Ÿπ‘‘

1 9) Solve form: 𝐾 = π‘šπ‘£2

2

10) Solve for r: π‘Ž = 𝑣2β„π‘Ÿ

11) Solve for t: 𝑣2 = 𝑣1 + π‘Žπ‘‘

12) Solve for a: 𝑃 = 2π‘Ž + 2𝑏

13) Solve for b: 𝑃 = π‘Ž + 𝑏 + 𝑐

14) Solve for C: 𝐹 = 9

𝐢 + 32 5

15) Solve for l: 𝑆 = 2πœ‹π‘Ÿπ‘™ + 2πœ‹π‘Ÿ2

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2πœ‹ 5 16) Solve for w: 𝑇 = 28) Solve for F: 𝐢 = (𝐹 βˆ’ 32)

𝑀 9

πΊπ‘š1π‘š2 17) Solve for π‘š1: 𝐹 = 29) Solve for z: 2π‘₯ + 3𝑦 + 4𝑧 = 10

π‘Ÿ2

18) Solve for 𝑏1: 𝐴 = β„Ž(𝑏1 + 𝑏2) 30) Solve for y: 𝐴π‘₯ + 𝐡𝑦 = 𝐢

19) Solve for r: 𝐴 = 𝑃(1 + π‘Ÿπ‘‘)

πœ‹π‘Ÿ2β„Ž 20) Solve for h: 𝑉 =

3

21) Solve for x: 𝑦2 = 4𝑝π‘₯

22) Solve for t: 𝑉 = 𝐾 + 𝑔𝑑

π‘šπ‘£2

23) Solve for r: 𝐹 = π‘”π‘Ÿ

1 1 1 24) Solve for R: = +

𝑅 𝑅1 𝑅2

𝑃1𝑉1 𝑃2𝑉2 25) Solve for 𝑉2: =

𝑇1 𝑇2

26) Solve for y: 2π‘₯ + 3𝑦 = 6

27) Solve for y: 4π‘₯ βˆ’ 5𝑦 = 20

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Section 7.6: Quadratic (Second Degree) Equations

Solve for each variable: 1) (π‘₯ βˆ’ 2)(π‘₯ βˆ’ 5) = 0 36) 50π‘₯2 βˆ’ 25π‘₯ = 0 2) (2π‘₯ + 1)(π‘₯ βˆ’ 3) = 0 37) 36𝑦2 = 24𝑦 3) 𝑦(𝑦 βˆ’ 6) = 0 38) 4𝑧2 + 12𝑧 + 8 = 0 4) 𝑦(10 βˆ’ 𝑦) = 0 39) 6π‘Ž2 + 11π‘Ž + 5 = 0 5) 4𝑧(𝑧 βˆ’ 9) = 0 40) 𝑏2 + 10𝑏 + 25 = 0 6) 8𝑧(𝑧 + 11) = 0 7) (π‘Ž + 8)(π‘Ž βˆ’ 8) = 0 8) (6 βˆ’ π‘Ž)(6 + π‘Ž) = 0 9) π‘₯2 βˆ’ π‘₯ βˆ’ 12 = 0 10) π‘₯2 + 2π‘₯ βˆ’ 8 = 0 11) π‘₯2 βˆ’ 8π‘₯ βˆ’ 20 = 0 12) π‘₯2 + 2π‘₯ βˆ’ 15 = 0 13) 2𝑦2 + 11𝑦 + 5 = 0 14) 6𝑦2 + 13𝑦 + 6 = 0 15) 4𝑦2 + 5𝑦 βˆ’ 6 = 0 16) 10𝑦2 βˆ’ 19𝑦 + 6 = 0 17) 4𝑧2 βˆ’ 4𝑧 βˆ’ 8 = 0 18) 6𝑧2 βˆ’ 6𝑧 βˆ’ 120 = 0 19) 𝑧5 βˆ’ 2𝑧4 βˆ’ 3𝑧3 = 0 20) 5𝑧4 βˆ’ 30𝑧3 βˆ’ 35𝑧2 = 0 21) π‘Ž2 βˆ’ 4π‘Ž = 12 22) 𝑏2 + 4𝑏 = 60 23) 𝑐2 = 𝑐 + 2 24) 𝑑2 = 𝑑 + 6 25) π‘Ÿ2 + 8 = 6π‘Ÿ 26) 𝑠2 βˆ’ 48 = 2𝑠 27) 𝑑2 βˆ’ 4𝑑 = 0 28) 6𝑒2 βˆ’ 3𝑒 = 0 29) 𝑣2 βˆ’ 81 = 0 30) 144 βˆ’ 𝑀2 = 0 31) (π‘₯ + 1)(π‘₯ + 2) = 0 32) (2π‘₯ + 3)((π‘₯ + 4) = 0 33) (π‘₯ + 5)(π‘₯ βˆ’ 4) + 14 = 0 34) (π‘₯ + 6)(π‘₯ βˆ’ 2) βˆ’ 9 = 0 35) 𝑦2 βˆ’ 4𝑦 + 4 = 0

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Section 7.7 Linear Inequalities

Solve the following inequalities and sketch the solution on the number line. 1) 2π‘₯ > 10 2) 4π‘₯ < βˆ’12 3) 5π‘₯ β‰₯ 20 4) 8π‘₯ ≀ 32 5) βˆ’3π‘₯ > 15 6) βˆ’6π‘₯ ≀ 12 7) βˆ’10π‘₯ β‰₯ 20 8) βˆ’15π‘₯ ≀ 30 9) 8π‘₯ β‰₯ βˆ’16 10) 9π‘₯ ≀ βˆ’18 11) βˆ’12π‘₯ > βˆ’24 12) βˆ’5π‘₯ < βˆ’15

π‘₯ 13) > 3

5

14) π‘₯

≀ 5 9

15) βˆ’π‘₯

β‰₯ 4 7

16) βˆ’π‘₯

< βˆ’2 3

17) 2π‘₯

β‰₯ 8 3

18) 4π‘₯

≀ 12 5

βˆ’3π‘₯ 19) > 9

7

20) βˆ’4π‘₯

< βˆ’ 8 11

21) π‘₯ + 4 < 6

22) π‘₯ βˆ’ 5 > βˆ’3

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23) π‘₯ + 9 ≀ 2

24) π‘₯ βˆ’ 7 β‰₯ βˆ’4

25) 4π‘₯ βˆ’ 6 β‰₯ 10

26) 5π‘₯ + 10 < 15

27) 8π‘₯ βˆ’ 7 > 9

28) 6π‘₯ + 8 ≀ βˆ’4

29) 3π‘₯ ≀ 5π‘₯ + 8

30) 7π‘₯ βˆ’ 10 < 2π‘₯

31) 4π‘₯ + 8 > 12π‘₯

32) 6π‘₯ + 10 β‰₯ 8π‘₯

33) 2π‘₯ βˆ’ 5 > 3π‘₯ + 10

34) 4 βˆ’ 5π‘₯ ≀ π‘₯ βˆ’ 2

35) 3π‘₯ + 4 β‰₯ 5π‘₯ βˆ’ 6

36) 5π‘₯ + 4 < 9π‘₯ βˆ’ 8

37) 5π‘₯ βˆ’ (π‘₯ + 4) > 12

38) 3(π‘₯ + 2) ≀ 3 βˆ’ 2(π‘₯ + 3)

39) 6 βˆ’ 3(π‘₯ + 1) β‰₯ 6

40) 4 βˆ’ 5(π‘₯ + 2) < 1 βˆ’ 2(π‘₯ βˆ’ 1)

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Page 42: G P S F O R MAT 0 6 5 0 A Workbook of Problems for College ...XII Chapter 12: Verbal Problems Section 12.1 Ratio and Proportion Problems Section 12.2 Percent Problems Section 12.3

Section 8.1: Simplifying Fractions (Rational Expressions)β€” Monomial/Monomial; Polynomial/Monomial; Polynomial/Polynomial

β€œThere is a thin line that separates a numerator and denominator.”

Simplify:

12 1)

4

βˆ’9 2)

36

π‘₯3

3) π‘₯

βˆ’24𝑦5

4) 3𝑦2

βˆ’18π‘₯2𝑦 5)

βˆ’9π‘₯𝑦

48π‘Ž4𝑏3

6) βˆ’16π‘Ž2𝑏2

βˆ’13𝑝4π‘ž2

7) 39𝑝6π‘ž3

βˆ’30π‘Ÿ4𝑠 8)

βˆ’6π‘Ÿ3𝑠

βˆ’66π‘Ž3𝑏7𝑐9

9) 11π‘Ž2𝑏3𝑐4

βˆ’45π‘Ÿ6𝑠3𝑑2

10) βˆ’9π‘Ÿ2𝑠𝑑4

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8π‘₯3βˆ’4π‘₯2+2π‘₯ 11)

2π‘₯

8𝑦𝑧2βˆ’4𝑦2𝑧+2𝑦𝑧 12)

βˆ’2𝑦𝑧

12π‘Ž3𝑏2βˆ’6π‘Ž2𝑏+3π‘Žπ‘ 13)

3π‘Žπ‘

24𝑦12+12𝑦6βˆ’6𝑦3

14) βˆ’6𝑦3

25𝑐25+16𝑐16βˆ’9𝑐9

15) βˆ’π‘6

12𝑑7βˆ’9𝑑5βˆ’3𝑑4

16) βˆ’3𝑑4

π‘₯βˆ’3 17)

3βˆ’π‘₯

7βˆ’π‘¦ 18)

π‘¦βˆ’7

4π‘₯βˆ’4 19)

π‘₯2βˆ’1

𝑦2βˆ’9 20)

3π‘¦βˆ’9

6𝑧2βˆ’12𝑧 21)

𝑧2βˆ’4

π‘Ž2βˆ’π‘Žβˆ’6 22)

π‘Ž2βˆ’9

𝑏2βˆ’π‘βˆ’12 23)

𝑏2βˆ’16

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Page 44: G P S F O R MAT 0 6 5 0 A Workbook of Problems for College ...XII Chapter 12: Verbal Problems Section 12.1 Ratio and Proportion Problems Section 12.2 Percent Problems Section 12.3

6𝑐2βˆ’6 24)

𝑐3βˆ’π‘

3π‘Ÿ2βˆ’3π‘Ÿ 25)

π‘Ÿ2+5π‘Ÿβˆ’6

𝑠2βˆ’π‘ βˆ’2 26)

𝑠2βˆ’2𝑠

𝑑2βˆ’π‘‘βˆ’12 27)

𝑑2+5𝑑+6

π‘₯2βˆ’9π‘₯+20 28)

π‘₯2βˆ’3π‘₯βˆ’10

𝑧2βˆ’6𝑧+8 29)

2π‘§βˆ’8

9π‘₯ 30)

𝑧2βˆ’6𝑧+8

72 π‘₯4𝑦6𝑧3

31) 12 π‘₯2𝑦3𝑧4

6𝑦2+12𝑦 32)

𝑦2+4𝑦+4

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Section 8.2: Multiplying Fractions (Rational Expressions)

β€œThe winners joke and the losers say deal.”

Multiply:

4βˆ™

12 1)

6 8

βˆ’3βˆ™

14 2)

7 6

βˆ’25 βˆ™

βˆ’4 3)

2 5

2 βˆ™

3βˆ™

4βˆ™

5βˆ™

6 4)

3 4 5 6 7

3 5) 14 βˆ™

7

6) 2π‘₯2

βˆ™ 𝑦

𝑦 4π‘₯

7) π‘Ž3

βˆ™ 𝑏2

𝑏4 π‘Ž2

8) βˆ’4𝑝2

βˆ™ βˆ’5π‘ž2

15π‘ž 12𝑝

9) 30π‘Ž2

βˆ™ 6𝑏2

18𝑏 5π‘Ž

10) βˆ’6π‘Žπ‘π‘

βˆ™ 10π‘₯𝑦2

5π‘₯2𝑦 3π‘Žπ‘π‘2

11) βˆ’21π‘₯2𝑦

βˆ™ βˆ’16𝑧2

8𝑧 3π‘₯𝑦

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βˆ’2π‘₯ βˆ™

6𝑧 βˆ™

14π‘Ž 12)

3𝑦 7π‘Ž 18π‘₯

βˆ’7π‘₯ βˆ™

βˆ’9𝑦 βˆ™

2𝑦 13)

3𝑦2 14π‘₯2 π‘₯

14) βˆ’44π‘Ž3

βˆ™ βˆ’10𝑏2

βˆ™ βˆ’2𝑐2

5𝑏𝑐 4π‘Ž 11π‘Ž

15) 3π‘Žπ‘π‘

βˆ™ βˆ’8𝑦2𝑧

βˆ™ 6π‘₯2

4π‘₯𝑦 9π‘Žπ‘ 15𝑐

(βˆ’3π‘ž) 16) 25𝑝2π‘ž βˆ™

10𝑝2

17) βˆ’7π‘Ÿ2𝑠𝑑3

βˆ™ βˆ’12𝑠3

βˆ™ βˆ’4π‘Ÿ3

6𝑠2 14π‘Ÿπ‘‘2 𝑑

18) 24π‘Ž2𝑏3

βˆ™ 10π‘Žπ‘

βˆ™ βˆ’π‘3

25π‘Ž 8π‘Žπ‘2 9𝑏2

βˆ’6π‘₯4𝑦7𝑧9

βˆ™ 30π‘₯2𝑦3 39𝑦2

19) βˆ™ 5π‘₯2𝑦 13π‘₯𝑦2 36π‘₯𝑦𝑧4

20) βˆ’2π‘π‘žπ‘Ÿ2

βˆ™ βˆ’5π‘Ÿ3

βˆ™ βˆ’6𝑝4

3π‘ž3π‘Ÿ 4π‘π‘ž2 35π‘Ÿ2

π‘₯+1 π‘₯2βˆ’9 21) βˆ™

2π‘₯βˆ’6 π‘₯2+4π‘₯+3

4𝑦3βˆ’4𝑦 9 22) βˆ™

27 𝑦2βˆ’1

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Section 8.3: Dividing Fractions (Rational Expressions)

β€œI was so much older then; I’m younger than that now.”

Divide:

1)

2)

3)

4)

5)

6)

7)

8)

9)

10)

11)

2 4 Γ·

3 9

βˆ’5 10 Γ·

6 3

βˆ’9 βˆ’3 Γ·

11 22

π‘₯2 π‘₯2

Γ· 𝑦 𝑦

π‘Ž4 π‘Ž2

𝑏3 Γ· 𝑏

5π‘Ž π‘Ž4

Γ· 7𝑏 21𝑏2

4π‘₯𝑦2 4π‘₯𝑦2

3π‘Žπ‘2 Γ· 6π‘Žπ‘

9π‘π‘ž2 12𝑝4π‘ž3

10π‘Ÿπ‘ 2 Γ· π‘Ÿπ‘ 

27𝑐𝑑2 3𝑐𝑑 Γ·

10π‘Žπ‘ 5π‘Žπ‘

60𝑠2𝑑 10𝑠𝑑 Γ·

7𝑒𝑣 𝑒2

8π‘Ž2𝑏 βˆ’24π‘Žπ‘ Γ·

27π‘Žπ‘ 9

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βˆ’15π‘₯2𝑦2 βˆ’5π‘₯𝑦2

12) Γ· 36π‘Žπ‘ 12π‘Žπ‘

𝑝5π‘ž4π‘Ÿ2 𝑝2π‘ž3π‘Ÿ4

13) Γ· π‘Žπ‘ π‘Ž4𝑏

βˆ’24π‘Ž6𝑏8𝑐10 βˆ’12𝑏4𝑐6

14) Γ· 5π‘Žπ‘2 π‘Žπ‘

4π‘₯2𝑦3𝑧4 βˆ’2π‘₯𝑦2𝑧4

15) Γ· 5π‘Žπ‘π‘ 15π‘Žπ‘

25π‘₯2𝑦 βˆ’5π‘₯𝑦 16)

21π‘Ž4𝑏3 Γ· π‘Ž3𝑏2

βˆ’72π‘Ÿ8𝑠7 9π‘Ÿ4𝑠5

17) Γ· 5π‘π‘ž 10𝑝2π‘ž2

14π‘₯2𝑦𝑧3 βˆ’28π‘₯𝑦𝑧 18)

11π‘Ž2𝑏3𝑐4 Γ· 22π‘Žπ‘2𝑐3

5π‘₯ 19) 25π‘₯𝑦 Γ·

3𝑦

10π‘Ž2𝑏 20) Γ· 5π‘Žπ‘π‘

7π‘₯𝑦

βˆ’36π‘₯𝑦4 βˆ’9π‘₯𝑦 21) Γ·

11π‘Žπ‘ 22π‘Ž

15π‘Ÿπ‘ 2 5π‘Ÿπ‘  22) Γ·

7π‘π‘ž 14

βˆ’16π‘π‘ž βˆ’4π‘π‘ž2

23) Γ· 9π‘Ž2𝑏 3π‘Žπ‘

2 4 24) Γ·

3π‘₯ 6π‘₯

47

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π‘₯+1 π‘₯2βˆ’1 25) Γ·

π‘₯ π‘₯2

3π‘₯βˆ’21 π‘₯βˆ’7 26) Γ·

5 15

π‘₯𝑦2 π‘₯𝑦 27) Γ·

π‘₯2βˆ’π‘₯βˆ’12 π‘₯2βˆ’9

6π‘Ž2

βˆ™ 3π‘Žπ‘ 10π‘Ž3𝑏2

28) Γ· 7𝑏3 5 14π‘Ž

48

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Section 8.4: Adding or Subtracting Fractions (Rational Expressions)

β€œThree out of two people have trouble with fractions.”

Combine:

2 3 4 2 1) + 2) +

5 5 3 3

3 7 βˆ’

1 βˆ’

2βˆ’

1 3) 4)

10 10 9 9 9

1 1 1 1 5) + 6) +

2 3 2 4

1 1 1 1 5 7) + + 8) +

2 4 8 4 6

5 7 3π‘₯ π‘₯ 9) + 10) +

6 12 4 12

8𝑦 4𝑦 5 βˆ’

7 11) + 12)

3 7 6𝑧 4𝑧 2 4

βˆ’3

βˆ’5

13) 14) π‘Ž 𝑏 π‘Ž2 π‘Ž

6 7 1 βˆ’

5 15) 16)

π‘₯ 3π‘₯ 3𝑏2 + 6𝑏

4 5 1 1 17) + 18) +

9𝑦 12𝑦 2 3

3 5 βˆ’

2βˆ’

1 βˆ’

3 19) 20)

π‘₯2 π‘₯ 2π‘₯ 6π‘Ž 8π‘Ž

9 1 1 βˆ’

5 21) βˆ’ 22)

3𝑐 9𝑐2 12π‘Ÿ 6π‘Ÿ

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11 5 π‘₯ 2π‘₯βˆ’

3π‘₯ 23) + 24) +

8𝑠 6𝑠2 10 5 2

𝑝 2π‘βˆ’

5𝑝 π‘žβˆ’

5π‘žβˆ’

π‘ž 25) + 26)

10 15 3 3 12 6

7 1 8 1 βˆ’

3 27) 28) + βˆ’

5𝑑 𝑑2 𝑀 5𝑀 10𝑀

π‘£βˆ’

𝑣 5 3 29) βˆ’1 30) + βˆ’ 3

10 5 12𝑑 4𝑑

7 2 3𝑦 2 βˆ’

3𝑦 βˆ’

1 31) + 32) +

10π‘₯ 15 5π‘₯ 4 5𝑦 2

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Section 9.1: The Pythagorean Theorem

β€œEuclid alone has looked on beauty bare.” β€œGeometry is the art of reasoning well from ill-drawn figures.”

Given right triangle ABC with leg AC (also called leg b), leg BC (also called leg a) And hypotenuse AB (also called side c), find the missing side in each problem.

A

b c

C B a

1) Leg AC =3, Leg BC =4, find hypotenuse AB

2) Leg AC =5, Leg BC =12, find hypotenuse AB

3) Leg a=8, leg b=15, find hypotenuse c

4) Leg a=7, leg b=24, find hypotenuse c

5) Leg a=24, hypotenuse c=26, find leg b

6) Leg a=30, hypotenuse c=34, find leg b

7) Leg BC=40, hypotenuse AB=41, find leg AC

8) Leg BC=48, hypotenuse AB=50, find leg AC

9) Hypotenuse c=37, leg b=35, find leg a

10) Hypotenuse c=61, leg b=60, find leg a

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11) Side AC=6, side BC=8, find hypotenuse AB

12) Side AC=9, side BC=12, find hypotenuse AB

13) Side a=1, side b=1, find hypotenuse c

14) Side a=3, side b=3, find hypotenuse c

15) Side AC=2, side BC=3, find hypotenuse AB

16) Side AC=4, side BC=5 find hypotenuse AB

17) Hypotenuse AB=6, leg AC=4, find leg BC

18) Hypotenuse AB=6, leg AC=5, find leg BC

19) Hypotenuse c=6, leg a=4, find leg b

20) Hypotenuse c=6, leg a=3, find leg b

21) Side b=4, side a=8, find hypotenuse c

22) Side a=2, side b=6, find hypotenuse c

23) Side a=2, hypotenuse c=6, find side b

24) Side a=5, hypotenuse c=10, find side b

25) Side AC=5, side BC=10, find hypotenuse AB

26) Side AC= 3, side BC=6, find hypotenuse AB

52

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Section 9.2: Simplifying Radicals--Numerical; Variable

β€œWhether you think you can or you think you can’tβ€”you’re right.”

Simplify:

1) √25 2) √49 3) βˆ’βˆš144 4) βˆ’βˆš81 5) √12 6) √20 7) βˆ’βˆš32 8) βˆ’βˆš50 9) 2√48 10) 4√27 11) βˆ’6√8 12) βˆ’10√24 13) 5√80 14) βˆ’15√50 15) √π‘₯6 16) βˆšπ‘¦8

17) βˆ’βˆšπ‘§10 18) βˆ’βˆšπ‘Ž12

19) βˆšπ‘7 20) βˆšπ‘13

21) βˆšπ‘‘9 22) βˆšπ‘“25

23) βˆ’βˆšπ‘Ÿ16 24) βˆšπ‘ 36

25) 2π‘₯√π‘₯3 26) 3π‘¦βˆšπ‘¦5

27) βˆ’4π‘§βˆšπ‘§7 28) βˆ’9π‘Ž2βˆšπ‘Ž11

29) √π‘₯2𝑦4 30) βˆšπ‘Ž3𝑏4

31) βˆ’βˆšπ‘10𝑑12 32) βˆšπ‘Ÿ2𝑠15

33) √12π‘₯2 34) √75𝑦3

35) √27𝑐4 36) √72π‘Ÿ5

37) √8π‘₯2𝑦7 38) √50π‘Ž4𝑏8

39) √54𝑐3𝑑11 40) √200π‘Ÿ9𝑠19

41) 4√32π‘₯2𝑦3𝑧4 42) 6√72π‘Ž4𝑏5𝑐6

43) βˆ’10√18π‘Ÿ16𝑠9𝑑25 44) βˆ’14π‘₯√27π‘₯6𝑦10𝑧12

45) βˆ’2π‘Žβˆš144π‘Ž14𝑏20𝑐40 46) βˆ’5√80𝑒7𝑣3𝑀13

47) 7π‘₯π‘¦βˆš20π‘₯2𝑦5𝑧8 48) 12π‘Ž2𝑏𝑐3√50π‘Ž2𝑏7𝑐4

49) βˆ’24π‘Ÿπ‘ 2𝑑5√18π‘Ÿ2𝑠10𝑑12 50) βˆ’20𝑒5𝑣9π‘€βˆš72𝑒7𝑣3𝑀5

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Section 9.3 Multiplying Radicals

β€œYou have a greater claim to the throne if you pull the sword from the stone

than if you say β€˜I’m the king’ ”.

Multiply:

1) √3 Γ— √5 3) √6 βˆ™ √30 5) √5 Γ— √40 7) 2√3 βˆ™ 4√5 9) 6√5 Γ— 3√15 11) 2π‘₯√3π‘₯3 βˆ™ 4π‘₯√6π‘₯2

13) 5𝑧2√2𝑧 βˆ™ 6𝑧4√8𝑧 15) βˆ’4π‘βˆš3𝑏 βˆ™ 8π‘βˆš3𝑏

17) 2π‘₯√5π‘₯𝑦𝑧 βˆ™ 6π‘₯√10π‘₯2𝑦3𝑧5

19) βˆ’8π‘₯√2π‘₯𝑦𝑧 βˆ™ 4π‘₯√6π‘₯2𝑦𝑧3

21) 3(√7 βˆ’ 8) 23) √5(√5 + 2) 25) √5(√15 βˆ’ √5) 27) 3√2(4√2 βˆ’ 6√12)

29) (√3 + 5)(√6 + 4) 31) (√7 + 5)(√7 βˆ’ 5) 33) (10 + √6)(10 βˆ’ √6) 35) (√5 + 4)2

37) (√7 βˆ’ 5)2

39) (√2 + √3)2

2) √2 Γ— √7 4) √2 βˆ™ √8 6) √3 Γ— √30 8) 6√7 βˆ™ 8√11 10) βˆ’2√3 Γ— 4√27 12) βˆ’3π‘¦βˆš6𝑦7 βˆ™ 2π‘¦βˆš5𝑦4

14) 4π‘Žβˆš10π‘Ž8 βˆ™ 3π‘Žβˆš2π‘Ž5

16) 5π‘₯π‘¦βˆš3π‘₯2𝑦 βˆ™ 4π‘₯π‘¦βˆš6π‘₯𝑦

18) βˆ’2π‘Žπ‘2√8π‘Žπ‘5𝑐 βˆ™ 4π‘Ž2π‘βˆš6π‘Žπ‘π‘2

20) βˆ’7π‘Ÿπ‘ π‘‘2√6π‘Ÿ3𝑠𝑑5 βˆ™ 10√3π‘Ÿπ‘ π‘‘5

22) 4(√6 βˆ’ 5) 24) √3(√3 + 6) 26) √2(5√2 βˆ’ 4√8) 28) 5√3(16√6 βˆ’ 3√27)

30) (√2 + 3)(√6 βˆ’ 8) 32) (√3 + 6)(√3 βˆ’ 6) 34) (12 βˆ’ √8)(12 + √8) 36) (√6 + 3)2

38) (√8 βˆ’ 9)2

40) (√5 + √6)2

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Section 9.4: Dividing Radicals

β€œI wish I didn’t know now what I didn’t know then.”

Divide:

1) √25

2) √49

36 81

√200 √48 3) 4)

√2 √3

√40 √200 5) 6)

√5 √10

14√15 9√24 7) 8)

2√5 3√12

6√20 24√12 9) 10)

3√2 6√3

√18π‘₯3 √24π‘Ÿ3𝑠6 11) 12)

√2π‘₯ √2π‘Ÿπ‘ 2

√32π‘Ž5𝑏7 √40π‘₯3𝑦4 13) 14)

√8π‘Ž3𝑏5 √10π‘₯𝑦2

√5 √8 15) 16)

√3 √7

√12 √9 17) 18)

√50 √6

19) √7

20) √10

3 7

55

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21) √ π‘₯

24 22) √

𝑦2

5

23 √π‘₯8

𝑦6 24) √20𝑧5

25

5 25)

√5

7 26)

√7

4√8βˆ™βˆš12 27)

2√3

2√6βˆ™15√12 28)

5√2

8√15βˆ™2√5 29)

4√3

7√3βˆ™4√20 30)

15√5

4π‘₯5√2π‘₯7βˆ™6π‘₯3√45π‘₯3 31)

8π‘₯2√5π‘₯

2𝑦3√3𝑦5βˆ™4𝑦2√27𝑦7 32)

8π‘¦βˆš3𝑦

4√8βˆ™5√6 33)

2√2

27√5βˆ™3√10 34)

9√2

24√π‘₯9 35)

√6π‘₯

50βˆšπ‘¦21 36)

√5𝑦

10 37)

√2 38) √

10

2

4 39)

√5+1

6 40)

√2βˆ’1

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Page 58: G P S F O R MAT 0 6 5 0 A Workbook of Problems for College ...XII Chapter 12: Verbal Problems Section 12.1 Ratio and Proportion Problems Section 12.2 Percent Problems Section 12.3

Section 9.5 Combining Radicals

β€œExperience is what you get when you don’t get what you want.”

Combine:

1) 2√7 + 3√7

3) 8√5 + 4√5 βˆ’ 6√5

5) 10√3π‘₯ βˆ’ 7√3π‘₯ βˆ’ 5√3π‘₯

7) 7√5π‘Žπ‘π‘ βˆ’ 4√5π‘Žπ‘π‘ βˆ’ 6√5π‘Žπ‘π‘

9) 4√3 βˆ’ 2√27

11) 5√12 βˆ’ 6√75

13) 9√20 βˆ’ 2√45

15) 6√32 + 8√200 βˆ’ 5√98

17) 2√80 + 11√125 βˆ’ 5√45

19) 8√20π‘₯3 βˆ’ 6π‘₯√5π‘₯

21) 5βˆšπ‘Ž2𝑏 + 6√4π‘Ž2𝑏 βˆ’ 5π‘Žβˆš16𝑏

23) 2√12π‘₯𝑦 + 4√27π‘₯𝑦 βˆ’ 5√75π‘₯𝑦

25) 5√8 + 3√50 βˆ’ 9√125

2) 11√3 βˆ’ 5√3

4) 12√2 βˆ’ 9√2 βˆ’ 10√2

6) 14√6π‘₯ + 2√6π‘₯ βˆ’ 3√6π‘₯

8) 17√7π‘Ÿπ‘ π‘‘ + 4√7π‘Ÿπ‘ π‘‘ βˆ’ 8√7π‘Ÿπ‘ π‘‘

10) 7√2 + 4√8

12) 8√72 βˆ’ 10√18

14) 3√50 βˆ’ 5√8

16) 5√48 βˆ’ 9√75 βˆ’ 3√300

18) 3√8 + 6√72 βˆ’ 9√50

20) 6√12π‘₯5 βˆ’ 8π‘₯2√3π‘₯

22) 7βˆšπ‘Ÿπ‘ 3 + 9π‘ βˆšπ‘Ÿπ‘  βˆ’ 2π‘ βˆš16π‘Ÿπ‘ 

24) 3√5𝑦𝑧 βˆ’ 4√45𝑦𝑧 βˆ’ 9√20𝑦𝑧

26) 2√18 + 4√27 βˆ’ 6√12

57

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Section 10.1: The Rectangular Coordinate System

Define the following terms 1) Horizontal Axis (X-Axis) 2) Vertical Axis (Y-Axis) 3) Origin 4) Quadrant I, Quadrant II, Quadrant III, Quadrant IV 5) Ordered Pair 6) Abscissa, Ordinate

Plot (Graph) the following points (Ordered Pairs) 7) A(2,4); B(1,6) 8) C(6,-1); D(8,-3) 9) E(-2,5); F(-5,3) 10) G(-1,-6); H(-3,-7) 11) K(0,4); L(0,-3) 12) M(1,0); N(-5,0)

13) P(4 ,1); Q(2, -2

1)

2 2

14) R(-1 1, 7); S(3

2 , 6)

3 3

Plot the following points on one coordinate axis 15) A(0,1); B(1,3); C(2,5); D(3,7); E(-1,-1)

Plot the following points on one coordinate axis 16) R(0,-1); S(1,2); T(2,5); U(3,8); V(-1,-4)

Find the coordinates for each of the following points (ordered pairs) 17) A; B 18) C; D 19) E; F 20) G; H 21) J; K

58

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-10

-9

-8

-7

-6

-5

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

-10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

G

F

J

D

K

H

A

BC

59

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Section 10.2: Graphing By Use of the Table Method

Complete the given table and sketch the graph for:

1) 𝑦 = π‘₯ + 3 π‘₯ 𝑦 0 2

4

2) 𝑦 = π‘₯ βˆ’ 2

3) 𝑦 = 3π‘₯ + 2

4) 𝑦 = 4π‘₯ βˆ’ 3

5) π‘₯ + 𝑦 = 6

π‘₯ 𝑦 0 2 4

π‘₯ 𝑦 0 1 2

π‘₯ 𝑦 0 1 2

π‘₯ 𝑦 0 2 4

π‘₯ 𝑦 60

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6) π‘₯ βˆ’ 𝑦 = 4

7) 2π‘₯ + 3𝑦 = 12

8) 3π‘₯ βˆ’ 4𝑦 = 12

9) 6π‘₯ + 3𝑦 βˆ’ 18 =0

10) 2π‘₯ βˆ’ 5𝑦 βˆ’ 10 = 0

11) 𝑦 = 1

π‘₯ + 3 4

1 12) 𝑦 =

6π‘₯ βˆ’ 5

0 2

4

π‘₯ 𝑦 0 3 6

π‘₯ 𝑦 0 4 6

π‘₯ 𝑦 -2 0 3

π‘₯ 𝑦 -5 0

5

π‘₯ 𝑦 0 4

8

π‘₯ 𝑦 0 6

12

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Section 10.3: Graphing by Use of the Intercepts Method

Identify a) the Y-intercept and b) the X-intercept in each of the following equations. 1) 2π‘₯ + 3𝑦 = 6 2) 3π‘₯ + 4𝑦 = 12 3) 5π‘₯ βˆ’ 6𝑦 = 30 4) 7π‘₯ βˆ’ 3𝑦 = 21 5) 3π‘₯ + 2𝑦 = 7 6) 4π‘₯ + 6𝑦 = 9 7) 5π‘₯ βˆ’ 3𝑦 + 11 = 0 8) 8π‘₯ βˆ’ 5𝑦 βˆ’ 12 = 0 9) 𝑦 = 2π‘₯ βˆ’ 3 10) 𝑦 = 5π‘₯ βˆ’ 8

Complete the given table and sketch the graph for each of the following equations.

11) π‘₯ + 𝑦 = 5 19) 2π‘₯ βˆ’ 3𝑦 = 9 π‘₯ 𝑦

0 0

2

π‘₯ 𝑦 0

0

2

12) π‘₯ βˆ’ 𝑦 = 7 20) 3π‘₯ βˆ’ 4𝑦 = 8

π‘₯ 𝑦

0 0

4

π‘₯ 𝑦 0

0

2

13) 2π‘₯ + 5𝑦 = 10

π‘₯ 𝑦

0 0

3

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14) 9π‘₯ + 2𝑦 = 18 21) 𝑦 = 2π‘₯ + 3

π‘₯ 𝑦

0 0

1

π‘₯ 𝑦 0

0

-1

15) 3π‘₯ βˆ’ 4𝑦 = 12 22) 3π‘₯ βˆ’ 4𝑦 = 8

π‘₯ 𝑦

0 0

2

π‘₯ 𝑦 0

0

2

16) 3π‘₯ βˆ’ 5𝑦 = 15

17) π‘₯ + 2𝑦 = 7

π‘₯ 𝑦

0 0

3

π‘₯ 𝑦

0 0

5

18) 2π‘₯ + 3𝑦 = 11

π‘₯ 𝑦

0 0

3

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8

6

4

2

0

-8 -6 -4 -2 -2

0 2 4 6 8

-4

-6

-8

-10

Section 10.4: Graphing by Use of the Slope-Y Intercept Method

Find the slope, y-intercept, and sketch the graph for each of the following equations. 1) 𝑦 = 2π‘₯ + 3 2) 𝑦 = 4π‘₯ + 6 3) 𝑦 = 5π‘₯ βˆ’ 2 4) 𝑦 = 7π‘₯ βˆ’ 9

1 βˆ’1 5) 𝑦 =

2π‘₯ + 3 6) 𝑦 =

4 π‘₯ + 6

7) 𝑦 = 2π‘₯ 8) 𝑦 = π‘₯ 9) 𝑦 = 4 10) 𝑦 = βˆ’2 11) 2π‘₯ + 3𝑦 = 6 12) 4π‘₯ + 5𝑦 = 20 13) 3π‘₯ βˆ’ 4𝑦 = 12 14) 5π‘₯ βˆ’ 2𝑦 = 10 15) π‘₯ + 4𝑦 = 24 16) 3π‘₯ βˆ’ 5𝑦 = 15

Write the equation of the line passing through the two given points in each of the following problems. 17) A(1,2); B(3,4) 18) C(2,1); D(-1,4) 19) E(3,5); F(6,8) 20) G(4,7); H(8,9) 21) K(-3,1); L(2,6) 22) M(-2,4); N(6,2) 23) P(-1,-3); Q(-2,-6) 24) R(-4,-7); S(-2,-5)

Write the equation of the vertical line passing through the given points. 25) S(2,5) 26) T(4,-6) 27) U(-8,9) 28) V(-7,-3)

Write the equation of the horizontal line passing through the given points. 29) S(2,5) 30) T(4,-6) 31) U(-8,9) 32) V(-7,-3)

Given the following graphs, write the equation of the line in slope and y-intercept form (𝑦 = π‘šπ‘₯ + 𝑏) 33) 10

-10 10

64

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34)

-10

-8

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6

8

10

-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10

-10

-8

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6

8

10

-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10

35)

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-8 -6 -4

8

6

4

2

0

-2 -2

-4

-6

-8

-10

0 2 4 6 8

-8 -6 -4

8

6

4

2

0

-2 -2

-4

-6

-8

-10

0 2 4 6 8

36) 10

-10 10

-10 10

37) 10

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Section 11.1: Solving a System of 2 Equations in 2 Unknowns Graphically

Solve the following systems of 2 equations in 2 unknowns graphically. If a system does not have a unique solution, identify the system as either dependent or inconsistent.

1) π‘₯ + 𝑦 = 4 2) π‘₯ + 𝑦 = 6 π‘₯ βˆ’ 𝑦 = 2 2π‘₯ βˆ’ 𝑦 = 6

3) 3π‘₯ + 𝑦 = 6 4) π‘₯ βˆ’ 𝑦 = 1 π‘₯ + 𝑦 = 4 3π‘₯ βˆ’ 2𝑦 = 6

5) 𝑦 = 2π‘₯ 6) 𝑦 = 3π‘₯ 𝑦 = π‘₯ + 2 𝑦 = 2π‘₯ + 1

7) π‘₯ + 𝑦 = 4 8) π‘₯ βˆ’ 3𝑦 = βˆ’2 𝑦 = 2π‘₯ βˆ’ 5 𝑦 = π‘₯ + 2

9) 2π‘₯ + 3𝑦 = 8 10) 3π‘₯ + 4𝑦 = 10 4π‘₯ + 𝑦 = 6 4π‘₯ βˆ’ 3𝑦 = 5

11) 2π‘₯ + 3𝑦 = 6 12) 4π‘₯ + 3𝑦 = 10 𝑦 = 4 π‘₯ = 1

13) 3π‘₯ + 5𝑦 = 15 14) 5π‘₯ βˆ’ 2𝑦 = 10 π‘₯ + 2𝑦 = 5 2π‘₯ βˆ’ 𝑦 = 3

15) 5π‘₯ βˆ’ 3𝑦 = 15 16) 3π‘₯ βˆ’ 4𝑦 = 12 2π‘₯ βˆ’ 𝑦 = 7 π‘₯ βˆ’ 2𝑦 = 2

17) π‘₯ + 𝑦 = 2 18) π‘₯ βˆ’ 𝑦 = 3 π‘₯ + 𝑦 = 4 𝑦 = π‘₯ βˆ’ 4

19) π‘₯ + 𝑦 = 3 20) 3π‘₯ + 4𝑦 = 12 2π‘₯ + 2𝑦 = 6 6π‘₯ + 8𝑦 = 24

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Section 11.2: Solving a System of 2 Equations in 2 Unknowns by Use of the Substitution Method

Solve the following systems of equations by use of the Substitution Method.

1) 3π‘₯ + 𝑦 = 15 2) 5π‘₯ βˆ’ 2𝑦 = 7 𝑦 = 3 𝑦 = 4

3) 2π‘₯ βˆ’ 3𝑦 = 4 4) 6π‘₯ + 4𝑦 = 14 π‘₯ = 5 π‘₯ = 1

5) 𝑦 = π‘₯ + 2 6) 𝑦 = π‘₯ βˆ’ 3 π‘₯ + 𝑦 = 4 π‘₯ + 2𝑦 = 6

7) π‘₯ = 𝑦 + 5 8) π‘₯ = 𝑦 βˆ’ 1 2π‘₯ βˆ’ 𝑦 = 12 3π‘₯ + 2𝑦 = 17

9) π‘₯ + 𝑦 = 6 10) π‘₯ + 𝑦 = 5 4π‘₯ βˆ’ 3𝑦 = 10 5π‘₯ βˆ’ 4𝑦 = βˆ’2

11) 2π‘₯ + 𝑦 = 5 12) 3π‘₯ + 𝑦 = 10 6π‘₯ βˆ’ 𝑦 = 3 7π‘₯ βˆ’ 3𝑦 = 2

13) 5π‘₯ + 3𝑦 = 6 14) 3π‘₯ βˆ’ 2𝑦 = 2 4π‘₯ + 2𝑦 = 6 2π‘₯ + 4𝑦 = 28

15) π‘₯ βˆ’ 𝑦 = βˆ’1 16) 2π‘₯ βˆ’ 𝑦 = 2 8π‘₯ βˆ’ 5𝑦 = 13 9π‘₯ βˆ’ 10𝑦 = 5

17) 3π‘Ž βˆ’ 2𝑏 = 4 18) 5π‘Ž βˆ’ 3𝑏 = 1 11π‘Ž βˆ’ 20𝑏 = 2 10π‘Ž βˆ’ 7𝑏 = βˆ’1

19) 4π‘Ÿ + 𝑠 βˆ’ 10 = 0 20) 2π‘Ÿ βˆ’ 𝑠 βˆ’ 5 = 0 5π‘Ÿ + 2𝑠 βˆ’ 14 = 0 4π‘Ÿ βˆ’ 𝑠 βˆ’ 1 = 0

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Section 11.3: Solving a System of 2 Equations in 2 Unknowns by Use of the Elimination Method (Adding or Subtracting)

Solve the following systems of equations by the Elimination Method.

1) π‘₯ + 𝑦 = 3 π‘₯ βˆ’ 𝑦 = 1

3) βˆ’π‘₯ + 2𝑦 = 2 π‘₯ + 3𝑦 = 13

5) 2π‘₯ + 3𝑦 = 3 4π‘₯ βˆ’ 3𝑦 = 15

7) π‘₯ + 2𝑦 = 1 2π‘₯ + 3𝑦 = βˆ’1

9) 4π‘₯ + 3𝑦 = βˆ’2 3π‘₯ + 𝑦 = βˆ’4

11) 5π‘₯ + 4𝑦 = 13 6π‘₯ βˆ’ 3𝑦 = 39

13) 2π‘Ž + 3𝑏 = 6 3π‘Ž βˆ’ 2𝑏 = βˆ’17

15) 7π‘Ÿ βˆ’ 4𝑠 = 22 5π‘Ÿ + 6𝑠 = 60

17) 6𝑒 + 7𝑣 = 3 4𝑒 βˆ’ 3𝑣 = 25

19) π‘₯ βˆ’ 3𝑦 + 15 = 0

5π‘₯ βˆ’ 2𝑦 + 23 = 0

2) 2π‘₯ + 𝑦 = 4 3π‘₯ βˆ’ 𝑦 = 1

4) βˆ’π‘₯ + 𝑦 = 1 π‘₯ + 2𝑦 = 11

6) 3π‘₯ + 4𝑦 = 5 π‘₯ βˆ’ 4𝑦 = βˆ’9

8) π‘₯ βˆ’ 3𝑦 = 7 3π‘₯ + 2𝑦 = 10

10) 5π‘₯ βˆ’ 4𝑦 = βˆ’3 6π‘₯ βˆ’ 2𝑦 = βˆ’12

12) 6π‘₯ + 3𝑦 = 6 9π‘₯ βˆ’ 5𝑦 = βˆ’48

14) 3π‘Ž βˆ’ 4𝑏 = 23 2π‘Ž + 5𝑏 = 0

16) 8π‘Ÿ + 3𝑠 = βˆ’2 3π‘Ÿ βˆ’ 4𝑠 = βˆ’11

18) 2𝑀 βˆ’ 5𝑧 = 16 3𝑀 + 4𝑧 = 7

π‘₯ βˆ’

𝑦 20) =1

2 6 π‘₯

βˆ’ 𝑦

= 5 3 4

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Section 12.1: Ratio and Proportion

β€œI was good at math before they decided to mix the alphabet into it.”

1) A car’s gas tank holds 20 gallons of fuel. If it can travel 500 miles on one tank full of gas, how many gallons of gas will it need to travel 120 miles?

2) A car uses 4 gallons of gas to go 120 miles. At that rate of usage, how many

gallons will it take to travel: a) 480 miles; b) 360 miles; c) 200 miles?

3) If 64 cups of coffee can be made using 1 pound of coffee, about how many

pounds of coffee will be needed to make 200 cups?

4) If a town in New York State assesses a real estate tax of $2.50 per $100 of

assessed valuation, what will the real estate tax be on a house with assessed

valuation of $11,000?

5) If 4 ounces of oil is needed to be added to 1 quart of gasoline to operate a chain

saw, how much oil will be needed for 1 gallon of gasoline (4 quarts)?

6) If a six foot tall man cast a four foot long shadow, how long will the shadow be

for a person of height of five feet?

7) If 6 ears of corn sells for $2.00, what will the cost be for a) 18 ears; b) 27 ears; c)

36 ears?

8) If a machine can produce 400 items in 8 hours, how long will it take to make: a)

1000 items; b) 1600 items; c) 2600 items?

9) If on average, 6 students receive A’s in a class of 30 students, how many calculus

students are expected to get A’s in a semester if there are: a) 450 students; b) 750

students; c) 1000 students?

10) If an instructor can grade 30 exam papers in one hour, how long will it take her

to grade: a) 100 papers; b) 150 papers; c) 175 papers?

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Section 12.2: Percent Problems

β€œI meant what I said and I said what I meant…An Elephant’s faithful one hundred percent!”

1) What is 6% of 200?

2) What is 9% of 400?

3) Five percent of what number is 300?

4) Eight percent of what number is 500?

5) Ninety percent of the students in a statistics class of 30 students passed their

first exam, if so, how many students actually passed this examination?

6) If 20% of a calculus class of 40 students received A’s as a final grade, how many

students received A’s?

7) Sixty percent of eligible voters voted in the most recent election. If there were

120 million eligible voters, how many voted?

8) A car can travel 500 miles on a full tank of gas. If it has travelled 350 miles,

a) what percent of its fuel has been used and b) what percent remains?

9) A new laptop computer has a list price of $800. If the price were reduced by

20%, a) what is the amount of the reduction and b) what is the new price?

10) A new car has a Manufacturer’s Suggested Retail Price (MSRP) of $25,000. If the cat can be purchased for 12% less than the MSRP, what is the new selling price?

11) A restaurant bill comes to $45.00. If one wants to leave a 20% tip, a) what is the

amount of the tip and b) what is the total cost of the meal?

12) An employee starts working at a new job at the rate of $12.00 per hour. If after 3

months, his salary is increase by 10%, what will his new salary be?

13) A light bulb manufacturing company found that 40 out of 1000 bulbs that it

produced were defective. What was the percent of defective bulbs produced?

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14) Thirty years ago, the cost to cross the Henry Hudson Bridge was 10 cents. Today

the cost is $2.50. A) What is the percent increase over the past 30 years? B) At this

rate, what will the cost to cross the bridge be 30 years from now?

15) A new car cost $20,000. If it depreciates (reduces in value) by 9% once you

drive it out of the showroom, how much will it be worth?

16) In a class of 25 students, 6 received B’s. What percent of the class received

grades of B?

17) New York State has a 7% sales tax on many items. If a television costs $500, a)

what is the tax on the TV and b) what is the total cost?

18) If you were to borrow $2,000 for one year at the interest rate of 5% per year

(compounded annually), a) how much interest would you owe and b) what amount

would you need to repay after one year?

19) At one college 40% of the entering class takes pre-calculus. If there are 2000

students in the entering class, a) how many take pre-calculus and b) how many

students do not take pre-calculus?

20) If a real estate broker receives a 5% commission on the sale of a house and she

receives a $20,000 commission, what is the selling price of the home?

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Section 12.3: Number Problems

β€œSmart people learn from their mistakes. Very smart people learn from other peoples’ mistakes.”

1) The sum of a given number and 7 is 25, what is the number?

2) The sum of a given number and 14 is 35, what is the number?

3) The sum of twice a number and 6 is 18, what is the number?

4) The sum of two consecutive numbers is 25, what are the two numbers?

5) The sum of two consecutive numbers is three times the original number, what is

the original number?

6) The sum of two numbers is 36. If one is twice the other, what are the two

numbers?

7) If three more than four times a number is 39. Find the number.

8) If four less than twice a number is 12, find the number.

9) If eight less than three times a number is 22, find the number.

10) If two times a number is increased by four, the result is 20. Find the original

number.

11) If a number is subtracted from 30, the result is 10. Find the number.

12) Six times a number is reduced by 5, the result is 67. Find the number.

13) If three times a number is increased by ten, the result is three less than four

times the original number. Find the original number.

14) Four times a number is decreased by five and equals seven more than twice the

original number. Find the original number.

15) A fifteen foot long board is cut into two pieces. Find the length of each piece if:

a) one is twice the length of the other; b) one is three feet longer than the other; and

c) one is three feet longer than twice the length of the other.

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Section 12.4: Distance = Rate Γ— Time

β€œHappiness is not about what the world gives youβ€”happiness is what you think

about what the world gives you.”

1) Two cars start from the same point and travel in opposite directions. If they each

travel at 60 miles per hour, how far apart will they be after 4 hours of travel?

2) Two small airplanes start at the same point and travel in exactly opposite

directions. If one travels at 200 miles per hour and the other travels at 150 miles per

hour, how far apart will they be after 3 hours of travel?

3) A man on a bicycle travels 48 miles in 6 hours. What was the average speed for

this trip?

4) If an airplane makes a 2500 mile trip in 5 hours, what was the average rate of

speed for the plane?

5) If an airplane travels 400 miles per hour for 3 Β½ hours, how far did the plane go?

6) If it takes a jogger 12 minutes to run a mile, at that rate of speed, how many

miles will she cover in 2 hours?

7) A hiker can walk 32 miles in an 8 hour day. What is her average rate of speed for

this hike?

8) If a hiker can travel 12 miles per day over flat terrain, 8 miles per day over steep

terrain, and 24 miles per day in a canoe, how many miles will the hiker have

travelled in 6 days if there were 1 day of canoeing, 2 days of steep hiking, and 3 days

of flat hiking?

9) A truck driver leaves a factory at 8:00 am and travels till noon and then stops for

1 hour for a lunch break. If the truck driver then drives till 4:00 pm and averaged 55

miles per hour while driving, how far did he go?

10) The Pacific Coast Trail (PCT) is 2659 miles long. If a hiker covers the trail in 5

months (150 days), a) how many miles per day did she cover and b) if she hikes for

10 hours a day, what was her average rate per hour?

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11) The Pacific Coast Trail (PCT) is 4279 kilometers long. If a hiker covers the trail

in 5 months (150 days), a) how many kilometers per day did he cover and b) if he

hikes for 10 hours a day, what was her average rate per hour?

12) The Appalachian Trail (AT) is 2181 miles long. If a hiker covers the trail in 4

months (120 days), a) how many miles per day did she cover and b) if she hikes for

10 hours a day, what was her average rate per hour?

13) The Appalachian (AT) is 3510 kilometers long. If a hiker covers the trail in 4

months (120 days), a) how many miles per day did he cover and b) if he hikes for 10

hours a day, what was her average rate per hour?

14) Two cars start from the same point and travel in exactly opposite directions. If one travels at 65 miles per hour and the other at 50 miles per hour, after 6 hours: a) how far apart will the cars be; b) if they each can go 30 miles on 1 gallon of gasoline, how much gas will be used ; and c) if gas costs $2.50 per gallon, how much must each car pay?

75

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Answers to Odd Numbered Problems

Section 1.1: Nomenclature-Terms, Constants, Monomials, Binomials, Trinomials, Absolute Values

1) Coefficent: 8; Variable: x 3) Coefficent: 7; Variables: x and y 5) Coefficent: 12; Variables: x, y and z 7) Monomial 9) Monomial 11) Trinomial 13) Terms: 4π‘₯2, 8π‘₯, βˆ’10 15) Terms: βˆ’6π‘₯3, 7π‘₯2, βˆ’3π‘₯, 4 17) Variables: 10π‘₯2, βˆ’7π‘₯ ; Constant: 2 19) Variables: βˆ’7π‘₯4, 3π‘₯2, βˆ’4π‘₯ ; Constant: 17 21) Degree: 2; Number of Terms: 3; Constant: -7 23) Degree: 16; Number of Terms: 4; Constant: -21 25) Degree: 7; Number of Terms: 5; Constant: none 27) 4 29) 24

3 31)

8 33) 11

Section 1.2: Exponents 1) 36 = 729 3) 16 5) -16 7) π‘₯8

9) π‘š11

11) π‘Ž10𝑏15

13) βˆ’20π‘₯7𝑦5

15) 21𝑑3𝑓5

17) 2π‘₯6

19) 8𝑧16

21) 16π‘Ž8𝑏12

23) π‘Ž2

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25) 𝑐4

1 27)

𝑝6

1 29)

π‘Ÿ2 1

31) 𝑑8

33 ) 𝑀13

1 35)

𝑦11

16 37)

9 9

39) 4 1

41) 16

43) βˆ’1

16 45) b

128 47)

π‘Ÿ18

49) 625π‘₯8

125π‘₯6

51) 𝑦12

53) βˆ’16π‘Ž5

Section 1.3: Scientific Notation 1) 2.4 X 103

3) 2.8 X 102

5) 3 X 10βˆ’2

7) 4.5 X 10βˆ’7

9) 480,000 11) 8,140,000,000 13) .094 15) .356 17) 6 X 107 = 60,000,000 19) 4.212 X 1017 = 421,200,000,000,000,000 21) 8 X 10βˆ’8 = .00000008 23) 2.34 X 10βˆ’7 = .000000234 25) 3 X 102 = 300

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27) 3 X 10βˆ’8 = .00000003 29) 2 31) 1.02 X 106 = 1,020,000 33) 1 X 10βˆ’6 = .000001

Section 2.1: Operations Involving Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, or Division 1) 30 3) -21 5) -10 7) -45 9) 21 11) 33 13) -36 15) -160 17) 6 19) -8 21) -2 23) 2 25) 9 27) -2 29) 0 31) 10 33) 5 35) 7 37) -21 39) 12 41) 20 43) -7 45) -5 47) 18 49) -5 51) 0 53) 0 55) 22 57) 32 59) -3 61) 4

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Section 2.2: Order of Operations 1) 34 3) 0 5) 5 7) 20 9) 40 11) 6 13) 19 15) 28 17) 8 19) 17 21) 2 23) 1 25) 2 27) -5 29) -1 31) -17 33) 79 35) 26 37) 10 39) -96

Section 3.1: Evaluating Algebraic Expressions 1) 12 3) 18 5) 48 7) 36 9) 1 11) 8 13) -9 15) -28 17) 9 19) 12 21) -8 23) 4

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25) -4 27) 12

Section 3.2: Functional Notation 1) 17 3) 1 5) -12 7) -39 9) -34 11) 4 13) 9 15) 6 17) 3 19) 0 21) 14 23) 2 25) 4a+4h+3 27) π‘Ž2 + 2π‘Žβ„Ž + β„Ž2 + 4π‘Ž + 4β„Ž + 6 29) βˆ’4π‘Ž2 + 2π‘Ž βˆ’ 6

Section 4.1: Multiply Monomial βˆ™ Monomial

1) π‘₯5

3) 20π‘Ž8

5) βˆ’18𝑠12

7) 24π‘Ž3𝑏3

9) βˆ’10π‘Ÿ6𝑠4

11) 9π‘₯8𝑦10

13) 64π‘₯4

15) 54π‘₯4𝑦4

17) 90π‘Ÿ7𝑠12

19) 60π‘₯3𝑦5𝑧9

21) 24π‘Ž5𝑏14

23) βˆ’24π‘₯5𝑦9𝑧8

25) βˆ’30𝑝11π‘ž12π‘Ÿ15

27) βˆ’18π‘Ž5𝑏8

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29) 180π‘₯7𝑦4

31) βˆ’20π‘₯6

Section 4.2: Multiply Monomial βˆ™ Binomialβ€”The Distributive Law 1) 16π‘₯ + 48 3) 18π‘₯3 + 42π‘₯ 5) βˆ’2𝑦4 βˆ’ 6𝑦2

7) βˆ’27𝑧4 + 45𝑧3

9) 2π‘Ž4 + 5π‘Ž3

11) 44𝑏2 βˆ’ 8𝑏3

13) βˆ’2π‘Ÿ3 + 20π‘Ÿ2 βˆ’ 18π‘Ÿ 15) 3π‘₯4𝑦2 βˆ’ 4π‘₯3𝑦3 + 9π‘₯2𝑦 17) βˆ’2π‘₯4 βˆ’ 10π‘₯3 + 12π‘₯2

19) βˆ’20π‘Ÿ7𝑠5 βˆ’ 24π‘Ÿ6𝑠4 βˆ’ 16π‘Ÿ6𝑠3 + 4π‘Ÿ4𝑠3

Section 4.3: Binomial βˆ™ Binomial 1) π‘₯2 + 4π‘₯ + 3 3) π‘₯2 + 2π‘₯ βˆ’ 35 5) 𝑦2 + 10𝑦 + 16 7) βˆ’π‘¦2 + 𝑦 + 6 9) 2π‘Ž2 + 21π‘Ž + 27 11) 12𝑏2 + 11𝑏 βˆ’ 15 13) 12𝑐2 βˆ’ 28𝑐 + 15 15) 15π‘₯2 βˆ’ 25π‘₯ + 10 17) 18π‘₯4 βˆ’ 69π‘₯3 βˆ’ 12π‘₯2

19) π‘₯2 βˆ’ 6π‘₯ + 9 21) 9π‘₯2 βˆ’ 42π‘₯ + 49 23) π‘₯2 βˆ’ 16 25) 36βˆ’π‘¦2

27) 16π‘₯2 βˆ’ 25 29) 20π‘₯3 + 20π‘₯2 + 5π‘₯

Section 4.4: Multiply Binomial βˆ™ Trinomial or Trinomial βˆ™ Trinomial 1) π‘₯3 + 3π‘₯2 + 5π‘₯ + 3 3) π‘₯3 βˆ’ 5π‘₯2 + 14π‘₯ βˆ’ 24

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5) 2𝑦3 βˆ’ 3𝑦2 βˆ’ 32𝑦 + 48 7) 5𝑧3 βˆ’ 5𝑧2 + 34𝑧 βˆ’ 48 9) 4𝑧4 + 36𝑧3 + 6𝑧2 + 51𝑧-27 11) π‘Ž3 + 9π‘Ž2 + 15π‘Ž + 7 13) 𝑏3 + 3𝑏2 + 3𝑏 + 1 15) 8π‘Ÿ3 + 12π‘Ÿ2 + 6π‘Ÿ + 1 17) π‘₯4 + 5π‘₯3 + 8π‘₯2 + 5π‘₯ + 7 19) 2π‘₯4 + 18π‘₯3 + 16π‘₯2 βˆ’ 120π‘₯

Section 5.1: Combining Like Terms 1) βˆ’11π‘₯ 3) 8π‘₯2𝑦 5) 2π‘₯ + 16𝑦 7) 23𝑝 βˆ’ 32 9) 7π‘Ÿπ‘ 2 + 10 11) 2π‘₯2𝑦 + 10π‘₯𝑦2 βˆ’ 8π‘₯𝑦 13) βˆ’11π‘Ž3 βˆ’ 24π‘Žπ‘ βˆ’ 7π‘Ž 15) 4π‘₯2 + π‘₯ βˆ’ 5 17) 3π‘₯3 βˆ’ 15π‘₯2 + 5π‘₯ βˆ’ 16 19) 3π‘₯2 + 19π‘₯ βˆ’ 27 21) βˆ’6𝑐3𝑑 + 9𝑐2𝑑2 βˆ’ 12𝑐2𝑑3 + 5𝑐2𝑑 23) 9 βˆ’ 14π‘₯ + 14𝑦 25) 4π‘₯2 βˆ’ 5π‘₯ βˆ’ 2 27) βˆ’34π‘Ÿ3𝑠3 + 18π‘Ÿ2𝑠2 + 10π‘Ÿπ‘  29) 16𝑝2π‘ž βˆ’ 9𝑝2π‘ž2

31) 10π‘₯3𝑦2 βˆ’ 26π‘₯ βˆ’ 2π‘₯3𝑦 + 2π‘₯2

33) 0 35) βˆ’38π‘₯2 + 49π‘₯ βˆ’ 45

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Section 6.1: Unique Prime Factorization of Integers 1) 22 βˆ™ 3 3) 25 βˆ™ 3 5) 2 βˆ™ 32

7) 22 βˆ™ 5 9) 23 βˆ™ 32

11) 32 βˆ™ 11 13) 24 βˆ™ 3 15) 24 βˆ™ 5 17) 22 βˆ™ 33

19) 2 βˆ™ 3 βˆ™ 7 21) 33

23) 25 βˆ™ 3 βˆ™ 5 25) 2 βˆ™ 53

27) 24 βˆ™ 32 βˆ™ 5 29) 23 βˆ™ 32 βˆ™ 5

Section 6.2: Greatest Common Monomial Factor (GCF)-Numerical or Algebraic 1) 2(π‘₯ βˆ’ 2) 3)𝑧(5𝑧 + 8) 5) 4𝑦(𝑦2 + 5𝑦 βˆ’ 2) 7) 7𝑏(𝑏2 βˆ’ 2𝑏 + 3) 9) 12π‘₯𝑦3(3π‘₯ + 1) 11) 7π‘Ÿ(2π‘Ÿ2 βˆ’ 4π‘Ÿ + 5) 13) 5π‘Ž3(4π‘Ž7 + 2π‘Ž2 βˆ’ 1) 15) 9π‘₯2𝑦2𝑧2(2π‘₯𝑦2𝑧3 βˆ’ 3𝑦𝑧 + 1) 17) 11π‘Ž2𝑏𝑐(1 βˆ’ 2𝑏 + 3𝑏𝑐) 19) 𝑦𝑧(2π‘₯𝑧 βˆ’ 3π‘₯ + 4) 21) 4(π‘₯3 + 2) 23) 15π‘₯𝑦2(1 + 2𝑦) 25) 2(3π‘₯2 + 8𝑦2 + 13𝑧2) 27) 4π‘₯𝑦(2π‘₯2𝑦3 + 4π‘₯𝑦2 + 1) 29) 10𝛼(4 + 2𝛽 + πœ‡)

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Section 6.3: The Difference of Two Squares (DOTS) 1) (π‘₯ + 3)(π‘₯ βˆ’ 3) 3) (𝑦 + 8)(𝑦 βˆ’ 8) 5) (10 + 𝑧)(10 βˆ’ 𝑧) 7) Not Factorable 9) Not Factorable 11) (π‘₯2 + 1)(π‘₯ + 1)(π‘₯ βˆ’ 1) 13) (𝑦4 + 12)(𝑦4 βˆ’ 12) 15) (6𝑦8 + 11)(6𝑦8 βˆ’ 11) 17) (4𝑦8 + 7)(4𝑦8 βˆ’ 7) 19) (𝑔3β„Ž2 + π‘š)(𝑔3β„Ž2 βˆ’ π‘š) 21) (3 + 5𝑦)(3 βˆ’ 5𝑦) 23) (9π‘₯ + 2𝑧)(9π‘₯ βˆ’ 2𝑧) 25) (π‘₯2 + 𝑦)(π‘₯2 βˆ’ 𝑦) 27) (5π‘Ž3𝑏4 + 2)(5π‘Ž3𝑏4 βˆ’ 2) 29) (𝑔3β„Ž2 + π‘š)(𝑔3β„Ž2 βˆ’ π‘š) 31) (π‘Ž8𝑏18 + 6)(π‘Ž8𝑏18 βˆ’ 6) 33) (π‘š2 + 𝑛2)(π‘š + 𝑛)(π‘š βˆ’ 𝑛)

Section 6.4: Combination of Greatest Common Factor and Difference of Two Squares

1) 2(π‘₯2 βˆ’ 1) = 2(π‘₯ + 1)(π‘₯ βˆ’ 1) 3) 6𝑧(1 βˆ’ 4𝑧2) = 6𝑧(1 + 2𝑧)(1 βˆ’ 2𝑧) 5) 2(1 βˆ’ 4𝑏2) = 2(1 + 2𝑏)(1 βˆ’ 2𝑏) 7) 4(𝑑2 βˆ’ 25) = 4(𝑑 + 5)(𝑑 βˆ’ 5) 9) 2(𝑦4 βˆ’ 16) = 2(𝑦2 + 4)(𝑦2 βˆ’ 4) = 2(𝑦2 + 4)(𝑦 + 2)(𝑦 βˆ’ 2) 11) 8(9π‘Ž2 βˆ’ 1) = 8(3π‘Ž + 1)(3π‘Ž βˆ’ 1) 13) 16(1 βˆ’ 𝑐16) = 16(1 + 𝑐8)(1 βˆ’ 𝑐8) = 16(1 + 𝑐8)(1 + 𝑐4)(1 βˆ’ 𝑐4)

= 16(1 + 𝑐8)(1 + 𝑐4)(1 + 𝑐2)(1 βˆ’ 𝑐2) = 16(1 + 𝑐8)(1 + 𝑐4)(1 + 𝑐2)(1 + 𝑐)(1 βˆ’ 𝑐)

15) π‘₯2(π‘₯2 βˆ’ 121) = π‘₯2(π‘₯ + 11)(π‘₯ βˆ’ 11) 17) π‘Ž2(4𝑏2 βˆ’ π‘Ž2) = π‘Ž2(2𝑏 + π‘Ž)(2𝑏 βˆ’ π‘Ž) 19) 2π‘₯2𝑦3𝑧2(9𝑧2 βˆ’ 1) = 2π‘₯2𝑦3𝑧2(3𝑧 + 1)(3𝑧 βˆ’ 1) 21) π‘Ž3(π‘Ž2 βˆ’ 1) = π‘Ž3(π‘Ž + 1)(π‘Ž βˆ’ 1) 23) π‘₯2(25π‘₯2 βˆ’ 4) = π‘₯2(5π‘₯ + 2)(5π‘₯ βˆ’ 2) 25) 9(π‘₯2 βˆ’ 9) = 9(π‘₯ + 3)(π‘₯ βˆ’ 3)

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27) π‘Ž(π‘Ž2 βˆ’ 144) = π‘Ž(π‘Ž + 12)(π‘Ž βˆ’ 12) 29) 9𝑐𝑑(𝑐2𝑑2 βˆ’ 4) = 9𝑐𝑑(𝑐𝑑 + 2)(𝑐𝑑 βˆ’ 2)

Section 6.5: Trinomial With Leading Coefficient One (π‘₯2 + 𝑏π‘₯ + 𝑐) 1) (π‘₯ + 2)(π‘₯ + 1) 3) (π‘₯ + 2)(π‘₯ βˆ’ 1) 5) (𝑦 + 3)(𝑦 + 2) 7) (𝑦 βˆ’ 3)(𝑦 + 2) 9) (𝑧 + 3)(𝑧 + 1) 11) (𝑧 βˆ’ 3)(𝑧 + 1) 13) (π‘Ž + 6)(π‘Ž + 4) 15) (𝑐 βˆ’ 4)(𝑐 βˆ’ 2) 17) (𝑠 βˆ’ 6)(𝑠 βˆ’ 3) 19) (𝑀 βˆ’ 5)(𝑀 + 3) 21) (π‘₯ βˆ’ 8)(π‘₯ + 6) 23) (𝑧 βˆ’ 15)(𝑧 βˆ’ 2) 25) (𝑏 + 5)(𝑏 + 5) 27) (𝑑 βˆ’ 14)(𝑑 βˆ’ 2) 29) (𝑦 + 11)(𝑦 βˆ’ 6) 31) (𝑒 + 5)(𝑒 + 1) 33) (𝑏 βˆ’ 8)(𝑏 + 2) 35) (𝑑 + 5)(𝑑 + 4) 37) (𝑦 + 10)(𝑦 + 4) 39) (π‘Ž + 8)(π‘Ž + 6)

Section 6.6: Trinomial With Leading Coefficient Other Than One (π‘Žπ‘₯2 + 𝑏π‘₯ + 𝑐)

1) (2π‘Ž + 1)(π‘Ž + 2) 3) (2π‘₯ + 1)(π‘₯ βˆ’ 2) 5) (3𝑦 βˆ’ 1)(𝑦 βˆ’ 2) 7) (3𝑦 βˆ’ 2)(𝑦 βˆ’ 1) 9) (5𝑧 + 1)(𝑧 βˆ’ 3) 11) (5𝑧 βˆ’ 1)(𝑧 βˆ’ 3) 13) (3π‘Ž + 2)(π‘Ž βˆ’ 1) 15) (3𝑐 βˆ’ 4)(𝑐 βˆ’ 1)

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17) 2(2𝑔2 + 5𝑔 βˆ’ 12) = 2(2𝑔 βˆ’ 3)(𝑔 + 4) 19) (3𝑠 βˆ’ 5)(2𝑠 + 1) 21) (4𝑒 + 3)(2𝑒 + 3) 23) (3𝑀 + 4)(3𝑀 βˆ’ 2) 25) (6𝑦 βˆ’ 5)(2𝑦 + 3) 27) (5π‘Ž βˆ’ 3)(3π‘Ž + 2) 29) (4𝑐 + 1)(4𝑐 + 1)

Section 6.7: Combination of Greatest Common Monomial Factor and Trinomial 1) 4(π‘₯2 βˆ’ π‘₯ βˆ’ 2) = 4(π‘₯ βˆ’ 2)(π‘₯ + 1) 3) 𝑧3(𝑧2 βˆ’ 2𝑧 βˆ’ 3) = 𝑧3(𝑧 βˆ’ 3)(𝑧 + 1) 5) 6(𝑏2 βˆ’ 𝑏 βˆ’ 20) = 6(𝑏 βˆ’ 5)(𝑏 + 4) 7) 4(𝑏2 + 5𝑏 + 6) = 4(𝑏 + 2)(𝑏 + 3) 9) 5𝑠2(𝑠2 βˆ’ 6𝑠 βˆ’ 7) = 5𝑠2(𝑠 βˆ’ 7)(𝑠 + 1) 11) 4𝑒2(𝑒2 + 3𝑒 + 2) = 4𝑒2(𝑒 + 2)(𝑒 + 1) 13) 6(π‘₯2 + 5π‘₯ + 6) = 6(π‘₯ + 3)(π‘₯ + 2) 15) 8(𝑦2 + 4𝑦 + 3) = 8(𝑦 + 3)(𝑦 + 1) 17) 11(π‘Ž2 βˆ’ 6π‘Ž + 8) = 11(π‘Ž βˆ’ 4)(π‘Ž βˆ’ 2) 19) 15(𝑐2 βˆ’ 3𝑐 βˆ’ 10) = 15(𝑐 βˆ’ 5)(𝑐 + 2)

Section 6.8: Factoring by Grouping 1) (π‘₯ + 4)(π‘₯ + 2) 3) (𝑧 + 9)(𝑧 βˆ’ 7) 5) (𝑏 + 7)(4𝑏 + 3) 7) (𝑑 βˆ’ 8)(7𝑑 βˆ’ 5) 9) (π‘₯ βˆ’ 6)(π‘₯2 + 4) 11) (𝑧 βˆ’ 4)(𝑧2 + 3) 13) (π‘₯ + 2)(2π‘₯ + 3) 15) (4𝑧 βˆ’ 1)(𝑧 βˆ’ 2) 17) (π‘₯ + 3𝑦)(3π‘₯2 βˆ’ 4) 19) (𝑏 + 3𝑐)(5π‘Ž2 βˆ’ 6) 21) (7𝑣 + 2𝑀)(9𝑒2 + 5π‘₯)

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Section 6.9: Review of all Factoring 1) (6 + π‘₯)(6 βˆ’ π‘₯) 3) 7π‘Žπ‘(4π‘Žπ‘2 βˆ’ 5π‘Žπ‘ + 1) 5) (π‘₯2 + 1)(π‘₯2 βˆ’ 1) = (π‘₯2 + 1)(π‘₯ + 1)(π‘₯ βˆ’ 1) 7) (4π‘Ž8 + 5)(4π‘Ž8 βˆ’ 5) 9) 𝑦(4π‘₯𝑧 + 5π‘₯ + 6𝑧) 11) 𝑐2(𝑏4 βˆ’ 1) = 𝑐2(𝑏2 + 1)(𝑏2 βˆ’ 1) = 𝑐2(𝑏2 + 1)(𝑏 + 1)(𝑏 βˆ’ 1) 13) (π‘Ÿ + 10)(π‘Ÿ βˆ’ 3) 15) Not Factorable 17) 3𝑣2(5𝑣 + 4) 19) 4π‘₯(π‘₯ βˆ’ 1) 21) 5π‘₯𝑦(4π‘₯ βˆ’ 5𝑦 + 6) 23) (π‘₯2 + 4)(π‘₯2 βˆ’ 4) = (π‘₯2 + 4)(π‘₯ + 2)(π‘₯ βˆ’ 2) 25) (2𝑧 + 3)(𝑧 βˆ’ 5) 27) (7 + 𝑏)(3 + 𝑏) 29) (π‘₯ + 5)(π‘₯ βˆ’ 5) 31) (6π‘₯ βˆ’ 5)(π‘₯ + 1) 33) (2π‘₯ + 3𝑦)(3𝑧2 + 5)

Section 7.1: Is a Given Number a Solution to an Equation 1) 5 = 5, Yes 3) βˆ’2 = βˆ’2, Yes 5) βˆ’3 β‰  6, No 7) 8 β‰  0, No 9) 4 β‰  0, No 11) 12 β‰  0, No 13) βˆ’16 β‰  0, No 15) 12 β‰  βˆ’4, No 17) 37 β‰  36, No

Section 7.2: Linear (First Degree) Equations 1) π‘₯ = 9 3) π‘₯ = βˆ’4 5) 𝑦 = βˆ’7 7) 𝑦 = 9 9) 𝑧 = 9

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11) π‘Ž = 16 13) 𝑏 = 7 15) π‘₯ = 0 17) 𝑐 = 3 19) 𝑑 = 6

21) π‘Ÿ = 3⁄2 23) 𝑠 = 7⁄2 25) 𝑑 = 6

27) 𝑣 = 14⁄5 29) π‘₯ = 1 31) 𝑧 = 2 33) 𝑧 + 10

Section 7.3: Decimal Equations 1) π‘₯ = 2 3) π‘₯ = 2 5) 𝑦 = 2 7) 𝑧 = 200 9) 𝑧 = βˆ’1

11) π‘Ž = 4⁄3 13) 𝑏 = 140⁄9 15) 𝑐 = 1 17) π‘Ÿ = βˆ’1 19) 𝑠 = 40 21) 𝑑 = βˆ’3

23) 𝑀 = 9⁄5 25) π‘₯ = 2 27) 𝑦 = 3000 29) 𝑧 = 2

Section 7.4: Fractional Equations with Monomials or Binomials in the Numerator 1) π‘₯ = 20 3) π‘₯ = βˆ’16 5) 𝑦 = 51

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7) 𝑧 = 4 9) π‘₯ = βˆ’3 11) 𝑏 = βˆ’5 13) 𝑠 = 3 15) π‘₯ = 12 17) 𝑧 = 4 19) π‘₯ = 8

21) π‘₯ = βˆ’3⁄5 23) π‘₯ = 5 25) π‘₯ = 9 27) π‘₯ = 0

29) π‘₯ = 155⁄29

Section 7.5: Literal Equations

1) π‘Ÿ = 𝑑⁄𝑑 3) 𝐼 = 𝑉⁄𝑅 5) β„Ž = 2𝐴⁄𝑏 7) 𝑅 = 𝑃𝑉⁄𝑛𝑇 9) π‘š = 2π‘˜β„π‘£2

(𝑣2 βˆ’ 𝑣1) 11) 𝑇 = β„π‘Ž 13) 𝑏 = 𝑃 βˆ’ π‘Ž βˆ’ 𝑐

(𝑆 βˆ’ 2πœ‹π‘Ÿ2) 15) 𝑙 = ⁄

2πœ‹π‘Ÿ (πΉπ‘Ÿ2)

17) π‘š1 = β„πΊπ‘š2 (𝐼 βˆ’ 𝑃)

19) π‘Ÿ = ⁄𝑃𝑑 𝑦2

21) π‘₯ = ⁄4𝑝

23) π‘Ÿ = π‘šπ‘£2⁄𝐹𝑔

𝑃1𝑉1𝑇2 25) 𝑣2 = ⁄𝑃2𝑇1 (4π‘₯ βˆ’ 20)

27) 𝑦 = ⁄5

(10 βˆ’ 2π‘₯ βˆ’ 3𝑦) 29) 𝑧 = ⁄4

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Section 7.6: Quadratic (Second Degree) Equations 1) π‘₯ = 2, 5 3) 𝑦 = 0, 6 5) 𝑧 = 0, 9 7) π‘Ž = 8, βˆ’8 9) π‘₯ = 4, βˆ’3 11) π‘₯ = 10, βˆ’2

13) 𝑦 = βˆ’5, βˆ’1⁄2 15) 𝑦 = βˆ’2, 3⁄4 17) 𝑧 = 2, βˆ’1 19) 𝑧 = 3, βˆ’1, 0 21) π‘Ž = 6, βˆ’2 23) 𝑐 = 2, βˆ’1 25) π‘Ÿ = 4, 2 27) 𝑑 = 4, 0 29) 𝑣 = 9, βˆ’9 31) π‘₯ = βˆ’1, βˆ’2 33) π‘₯ = 2, βˆ’3 35) 𝑦 = 2 37) π‘₯ = 1, βˆ’1 39) 𝑧 = βˆ’2, βˆ’1

Section 7.7: Linear Inequalities 1) π‘₯ > 5 3) π‘₯ β‰₯ 4 5) π‘₯ < βˆ’5 7) π‘₯ ≀ βˆ’2 9) π‘₯ β‰₯ βˆ’2 11) π‘₯ < 2 13) π‘₯ > 15 15) π‘₯ ≀ βˆ’28 17) π‘₯ β‰₯ 12 19) π‘₯ < βˆ’28 21) π‘₯ < 2 23) π‘₯ ≀ βˆ’27

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25) π‘₯ β‰₯ 4 27) π‘₯ > 2 29) π‘₯ β‰₯ βˆ’4 31) π‘₯ < 1 33) π‘₯ < βˆ’15 35) π‘₯ ≀ 5 37) π‘₯ > 4 39) π‘₯ ≀ βˆ’1

Section 8.1: Simplifying Fractions (Rational Expressions) 1) 3 3) – π‘₯2

5) 2π‘₯ βˆ’1

7) 3𝑝2π‘ž

9) βˆ’6π‘Žπ‘4𝑐5

11) 4π‘₯2 βˆ’ 2π‘₯ + 1 13) 4π‘Ž2𝑏 βˆ’ 2π‘Ž + 1 15) βˆ’25𝑐19 βˆ’ 16𝑐7 + 9𝑐3

17) -1 4(π‘₯βˆ’1) 4

19) = (π‘₯+1)(π‘₯βˆ’1) (π‘₯+1)

6𝑧(π‘§βˆ’2) 6𝑧 21) =

(𝑧+2)(π‘§βˆ’2) (𝑧+2) (π‘βˆ’4)(𝑏+3) (𝑏+3)

23) = (𝑏+4)(π‘βˆ’4) (𝑏+4)

3π‘Ÿ(π‘Ÿβˆ’1) 3π‘Ÿ 25) =

(π‘Ÿ+6)(π‘Ÿβˆ’1) (π‘Ÿ+6) (π‘‘βˆ’4)(𝑑+3) (π‘‘βˆ’4)

27) = (𝑑+3)(𝑑+2) (𝑑+2) (π‘§βˆ’4)(π‘§βˆ’2) (π‘§βˆ’2)

29) = 2(π‘§βˆ’4) 2

6π‘₯2𝑦3

31) 𝑧

Section 8.2: Multiplying Fractions (Rational Expressions) 1) 1 3) 10

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5) 6π‘Ž

7) 𝑏2

9) 2π‘Žπ‘ 11) 14π‘₯𝑧 13) 3

βˆ’4π‘₯𝑦 15)

15 17) βˆ’4π‘Ÿ4𝑠2

19) βˆ’3π‘₯2𝑦8𝑧5

1 21)

2

Section 8.3: Dividing Fractions (Rational Expressions) 3

1) 2

3) 6

π‘Ž2

5) 𝑏2 βˆ’8𝑦

7) 𝑏π‘₯

9𝑑 9)

2 1

11) 9𝑏

13) π‘Ž3𝑝3π‘žr βˆ’6π‘₯𝑦

15) 𝑐

17) βˆ’16π‘Ÿ4𝑠2π‘π‘ž 19) 15𝑦2

8𝑦3

21) 𝑏 4

23) 3π‘Žπ‘ž

π‘₯ 25)

π‘₯βˆ’1 𝑦(π‘₯βˆ’3)

27) π‘₯βˆ’4

Section 8.4: Adding or Subtracting Fractions (Rational Expressions)

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1) 1 1

3) 5 5

5) 6 7

7) 8 17

9) 12

8𝑦 11)

21 (2π‘βˆ’3π‘Ž)

13) π‘Žπ‘

13 15)

3π‘₯ 31

17) 36𝑦 (6βˆ’3π‘₯)

19) 2π‘₯2

(27π‘βˆ’1) 21)

9𝑐 (33𝑠+20)

23) 24𝑠2

βˆ’43𝑝 25)

30 (7π‘‘βˆ’15)

27) 5𝑑2

(3π‘£βˆ’10) 29)

10 (4π‘₯+15)

31) 30π‘₯

Section 9.1: The Pythagorean Theorem 1) AB=5 3) c=17 5) b=10 7) AC=9 9) a=12 11) AB=10

13) c=√2

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15) AB=√13 17) BC=2√5 19) b=2√5 21) c=4√3 23) b=4√2 25) AB=5√5

Section 9.2: Simplifying Radicals 1) 5 3) βˆ’12 5) 2√3 7) βˆ’4√3 9) 8√3 11) βˆ’12√2 13) 20√5 15) π‘₯3

17) – 𝑧5

19) 𝑏3βˆšπ‘ 21) 𝑑4βˆšπ‘‘ 23) – π‘Ÿ8

25) 2π‘₯2√π‘₯ 27) βˆ’4𝑧4βˆšπ‘§ 29) π‘₯𝑦2

31) – 𝑐5𝑑6

33) 2π‘₯√3 35) 3𝑐2√3 37) 2π‘₯𝑦3√2𝑦

39) 3𝑐𝑑5√6𝑐𝑑 41) 16π‘₯𝑦𝑧2√2𝑦

43) βˆ’30π‘Ÿ8𝑠4𝑑12√2𝑠𝑑 45) βˆ’24π‘Ž8𝑏10𝑐20

47) 14π‘₯2𝑦3𝑧4√5𝑦 49) βˆ’72π‘Ÿ2𝑠7𝑑11√2

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Section 9.3 Multiplying Radicals

1) √15 3) 6√5 5) 10√2 7) 8√15 9) 90√3 11) 24π‘₯4√2π‘₯ 13) 120𝑧7

15) βˆ’96𝑏3

17) 60π‘₯3𝑦2𝑧3

19) βˆ’64π‘₯3𝑦𝑧2√3π‘₯ 21) 3√7 βˆ’ 24 23) 5 + 2√3 25) 5√3 βˆ’ 5 27) 24 βˆ’ 36√6 29) 3√2 + 4√3 + 5√6 + 20 31) βˆ’23 33) 94

35) 21 + 8√5 37) 32 βˆ’ 10√7 39) 5 + 2√6

Section 9.4: Dividing Radicals 5

1) 6

3) 10

5) 2√2 7) 7√3 9) 2√10 11) 3π‘₯ 13) 2π‘Žπ‘

√15 15)

3

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5

√6 17)

√21 19)

3 √6π‘₯

21) 12

π‘₯4

23) 𝑦3

25) √5 27) 8√2 29) 20

31) 9π‘₯10√2π‘₯ 33) 20√6 35) 4π‘₯4√6 37) 5√2 39) √5 βˆ’ 1

Section 9.5: Combining Radicals

1) 5√7 3) 2√5 5) βˆ’2√3π‘₯ 7) βˆ’3√5π‘Žπ‘π‘ 9) βˆ’2√3 11) βˆ’20√3 13) 12√5 15) 69√2 17) 48√5 19) 10π‘₯√5π‘₯ 21) βˆ’3π‘Žβˆšπ‘ 23) βˆ’9√3π‘₯𝑦

25) 25√2 βˆ’ 45√5

Section 10.1: The Rectangular Coordinate System

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1) One of two perpendicular lines intersecting at the origin. It is also called the abscissa and indicates how far left or right of the origin the point is. 3) The point where the x-axis and y-axis meet indicated by (0, 0) 5) Two numbers usually written with parenthesis (a, b) where the first number indicates how far to the left or right the point is and the second number indicates how high up or down. 17) A (2, 6) and B (8, 3) 19) No point E and F (2, 0) 21) J (4, -4) and K (-8, -3)

Section 10.2 Graphing by Use of the Table Method 1) 𝑦 = π‘₯ + 3

π‘₯ 𝑦 0 3 2 5

4 7

2) 𝑦 = π‘₯ βˆ’ 2

3) 𝑦 = 3π‘₯ + 2

4) 𝑦 = 4π‘₯ βˆ’ 3

π‘₯ 𝑦 0 -2 2 0 4 2

π‘₯ 𝑦 0 2 1 5 2 8

π‘₯ 𝑦 0 -3 1 1

2 5

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5) π‘₯ + 𝑦 = 6 π‘₯ 𝑦 0 6 2 4 4 2

6) π‘₯ βˆ’ 𝑦 = 4

7) 2π‘₯ + 3𝑦 = 12

8) 3π‘₯ βˆ’ 4𝑦 = 12

9) 6π‘₯ + 3𝑦 βˆ’ 18 =0

10) 2π‘₯ βˆ’ 5𝑦 βˆ’ 10 = 0

π‘₯ 𝑦 0 -4 2 -2

4 0

π‘₯ 𝑦 0 4 3 2

6 0

π‘₯ 𝑦 0 -3 4 0 6 1.5

π‘₯ 𝑦 -2 10 0 6 3 0

π‘₯ 𝑦 -5 -4 0 -2 5 0

π‘₯ 𝑦

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1 11) 𝑦 =

4π‘₯ + 3 0 3

4 4

8 5

1 12) 𝑦 =

6π‘₯ βˆ’ 5 π‘₯ 𝑦

0 -5 6 -4 12 -3

Section 10.3: Graphing by Use of the Intercepts Method 1) The x-intercept is (0, 2) and the y-intercept is (3, 0) 3) The x-intercept is (0, -5) and the y-intercept is (6, 0)

7 7 5) The x-intercept is (0, ) and the y-intercept is ( , 0)

2 3 βˆ’11 βˆ’11

7) The x-intercept is (0, ) and the y-intercept is ( , 0) 3 5

3 9) The x-intercept is (0, -3) and the y-intercept is ( , 0)

2

11) π‘₯ + 𝑦 = 5

π‘₯ 𝑦

0 5 5 0

2 3

13) 2π‘₯ + 5𝑦 = 10

π‘₯ 𝑦

0 2 5 0

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3 4

5

15) 3π‘₯ βˆ’ 4𝑦 = 12

17) π‘₯ + 2𝑦 = 7

π‘₯ 𝑦

0 -3 4 0

2 βˆ’3

2

π‘₯ 𝑦

0 7

2 7 0

5 1

π‘₯ 𝑦

0 -3 9

2 0

2 βˆ’5

3

19) 2π‘₯ βˆ’ 3𝑦 = 9

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21) 𝑦 = 2π‘₯ + 3

π‘₯ 𝑦

0 3 βˆ’3

2 0

-1 1

Section 10.4 Graphing by Use of the Slope-Y Intercept Method 1) Slope is m=2 and the y-intercept is (0, 3) 3) Slope is m=5 and the y-intercept is (0, -2)

1 5) Slope is m= and the y-intercept is (0, 3)

2 7) Slope is m=2 and the y-intercept is (0, 0) 9) Slope is m=0 and the y-intercept is (0, 4)

βˆ’2 11) Slope is m= and the y-intercept is (0, 2)

3 3

13) Slope is m= and the y-intercept is (0, -3) 4 βˆ’1

15) Slope is m= and the y-intercept is (0, 6) 4

17) 𝑦 = π‘₯ + 1 19) 𝑦 = π‘₯ + 2 21) 𝑦 = π‘₯ + 4 23) 𝑦 = 3π‘₯ 25) π‘₯ = 2 27) π‘₯ = βˆ’8 29) 𝑦 = 5 31) 𝑦 = 8 33) 𝑦 = π‘₯ + 2

35) 𝑦 = βˆ’4

π‘₯ 5

π‘₯ 8 37) 𝑦 =

3+

3

Section 11.1: Solving a System of 2 Equations in 2 Unknowns Graphically 1) (3, 1) 3) (1, 3)

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5) (2, 4) 7) (3, 1) 9) (1, 2) 11) (-3, 4) 13) (5, 0) 15) (6, 5) 17) Inconsistent 19) Dependent

Section 11.2: Solving a System of 2 Equations in 2 Unknowns by the Use of the Substitution Method

1) (4, 3) 3) (5, 2) 5) (1, 3) 7) (7, 2) 9) (4, 2) 11) (1, 3) 13) (3, -3) 15) (6, 7) 17) (2, 1) 19) (2, 2)

Section 11.3: Solving a System of 2 Equations in 2 Unknowns by the Use of the Elimination Method (Adding or Subtracting)

1) (2, 1) 3) (4, 3) 5) (3, -1) 7) (-5, 3) 9) (-2, 2) 11) (5, -3) 13) (-3, 4) 15) (6, 5) 17) (4, -3) 19) (-3, 4)

Section 12.1: Ratio and Proportion

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1) 4.8 gallons 3) 3 and 1/8 pounds 5) 16 ounces 7) a) $6; b) $9; c) $12 9) a) 90 students; b) 150 students; c) 200 students

Section 12.2: Percent Problems 1) 12 3) 6000 5) 27 students 7) 72 million 9) a) $160 reduction; b) $640 new price 11) a) $9 tip; b) $54 13) 4% 15) $18,200 17) a) $35 sales tax; b) $535 19) a) 800 students; b) 1200 students

Section 12.3: Number Problems 1) 18 3) 6 5) 1 7) 9 9) 10 11) 20 13) 13 15) a) 5 feet and 10 feet; b) 6 feet and 9 feet; c) 4 feet and 11 feet

Section 12.4: Distance = Rate X Time 1) 480 miles 3) 8 miles per hour 5) 1400 miles 7) 4 miles per hour 9) 385 miles

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11) a) 28.23 kilometers per day; b) 2.823 kilometers per hour 13) a) 29.25 kilometers per day; b) 2.925 kilometers per hour

104


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