Famous Philosophersand their Philosophies
Thomas Hobbes
State of Nature
The state of nature is war. There are no morals in the state of
nature, justice is non-existent. He claims that the supreme
power determines justice, in a state of nature, there is no
power.
Nature of Man
People are created equal, but it’s just a metaphysical fact, we
are all equally insecure. Man is naturally bad; we are out for
ourselves at the expense of others in an anti-social way.
Society
Whatever the power decides
Government
Believed in parliament/monarchy, impartial power controls all
State of Nature
People get along and are social; it is a type of society in his
opinion. There is a sense of justice in the state of nature.
People know they ought to obey others rights. People are
rational; they would not create a government that makes them
worse off than in the TSN.
Nature of Man
People have same moral equity
Government
Even though things in the state of nature are great
a government is needed because;
- People may disagree over property
- There is no written law only natural law
- Humans may not respect others rights though they know they ought to
Natural Rights in Nature
Rights to life, liberty and property. Property is gained when labor
is mixed into it.
Government
Believed in a democratic system must be developed to protect
natural rights. People will in turn support it. Leaders are chosen
through a majority vote. Every person has moral equity so every
person counts as a vote.
Historical Influence
Wrote during Parliament revolt against king in England
State of Nature
People get along in the state of nature, society corrupts them.
One compares himself to others and jealousy and envy result.
Nature of Man
We are all born good. We feel pity for fellow man. We also have
self love. One must have self-respect to have morals. In society
self-love becomes conceit and pity is turned to joy.
Natural Rights in Nature
Brotherhood, Liberty and Equality - In Society- Brotherhood,
liberty and equality
Government
Believed in a direct democracy must be formed
Historical Influence
Wrote for the French Revolution which failed (Ideas were to
general)
Will
A perversion of "majority rules"; What the majority votes is either
what you voted for or you realize you were wrong or that you
actually wanted what was voted upon. Therefore having everyone
vote the same.