Preparation & Evaluation of
Face PowderSubject: Certificate Program in Cosmetics Technology
A Presentation by : Pallavi Kataria & Deep ShahGuide : Miss Payal Shah
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Defining the Core: ‘Powder’
▪ A powder is a dry, bulk solid composed of a large number of very fine particles that may flow freely when shaken or tilted.
▪ Examples include : Flour, ground coffee, powdered milk, cosmetic powders, gunpowder, powdered sugar, volcanic ash, and pharmaceuticals..
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A Pharmaceutical View
▪ Pharmaceutical Industries are focused on following
area when it comes to Powder Formulation.
• Nasal powders
• Powder for injection
• Oral powder
• Extemporaneous powders applied to the skin.
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Introduction to the topic: ‘Face Powder’
▪ Face powder is an indispensable article of a lady’s cosmetic range.
▪ A face powder is basically a cosmetic product which has as its prime function the ability to complement skin color by imparting a velvet finish to it.
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Feminine Possession
▪ A survey on FMCG Industries in India has reflected Talcum Powder as most popular cosmetic product in India worth 3.5 billion INR.
▪ The market is yet growing at 10-12% per annum.
▪ Awareness is very high at 80% with penetration of 45.4% in Urban area and 25.2% in Rural area.
▪ Ponds dominates talcum market with 70% shares followed by Johnson & Johnson, which has 15% market share.
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Ideal Properties
▪ Should produce a smooth finish to the facial skin
▪ Masking small visible imperfection of the face & shine due to moisture
or grease from perspiration or secretion of sebaceous and sweat glands.
▪ Must produce a lasting effect , so that frequent application is
unnecessary.
▪ Should make face pleasant to look and touch.
▪ Must adhere to skin
▪ Degree of opacity can vary from opaque (clown make-up) to almost
transparent.
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Ideal Characteristics (when applied)
▪ Covering Power
▪ Slip
▪ Adhesiveness
▪ Absorbency
▪ Bloom
▪ Coloring
▪ Perfuming
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Ideal Functions
▪ There are different reasons for including face powders in one’s makeup routine.
▪ The type and brand of powder will depend on the desired cosmetic effect.
▪ Some face powders are formulated to address different conditions.
o Shine control
o UV light protection
o Improve skin tone
o Cover up imperfections
o Improve skin condition
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Depends on Nature of Skin
Type of Skin Type of Powder
Characteristics
Dry Light • Slight Covering Power• Contain large Quantity of Talc
Normal or Moderately Oily
Medium • Comparatively higher covering power• Lesser talc and balanced by zinc oxide
Very Oily Heavy
• High Covering Power• Lower quantity of talc and High quantity
of zinc oxide.
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Depends on Texture
▪ Loose ▪ Powder particles are finer and tend to set makeup better
than pressed powder. Finely milled texture means the powder is easier to layer.
▪ Loose powder is applied with a brush or a puff. This makes it less portable and more difficult to apply on the go.
▪ Pressed▪ Pressed powder comes in cake form, providing better and
longer-lasting coverage.
▪ Pressed powder is applied with a dense puff or makeup sponge, simplifying application whenever needed.
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Depends on Texture
▪ Translucent ▪ Translucent powder is unpigmented, sheer powder used mainly to
control oily zones.
▪ Translucent powder can be pressed or loose powder.
▪ Tinted▪ Tinted powder is pigmented and is usually worn without foundation.
▪ Tinted powder can be pressed or loose powder.
Key Ingredients
o The ingredients in face powders vary depending on the desired effect on the skin.
o Here are the most common ingredients used in formulating pressed and loose face powders.
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Ingredient Category Use
Talc Base/Mineral Naturally occurring mineral added in safe amount.
Mica Covering Agent
It helps the powder to stay on the skin longer.
Kaolin Slip/Absorbent
Enhance coverage while reducing the sheen provided by talc.
Magnesium Stearate Adhesive
Improves the consistency of face powders, ensuring a smooth
application
Calcium Carbonate Absorbent Absorbs moisture to minimize
oiliness and create a matte finish.
Inorganic & Organic
PigmentsColorant Added to the formula to create the
desired tint.
Triclosan Perfumes Enhance the intrinsic appeal.
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General Preparation
▪ The preparation of powder is simple as it is simply a matter of dry mixing of finely powdered materials.
▪ Add perfume with a part of absorbent materials like calcium carbonate or with magnesium carbonate and keep it aside for some time.
▪ Mix the color with part of the talc properly and add the other powders and then the perfume mixture.
▪ Mix and sieve the powder mixture using a silk mesh or an old washed nylon cloth.
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Compact Face Powder
▪ Is a dry powder which has been compressed into a cake and is usually applied with a powder puff.
▪ Introduced in 1930 in America.
▪ Very popular because of its ease of application and storage convenience.
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Wet Method
▪ Basic materials , colors and binders are kneaded into a paste with water, pressed into mould and air dried slowly.
▪ Not much used as it can produce cracks.
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Damp Method
▪ Base powder, color and perfume are mixed uniformly.
▪ Mixture is then wetted down with liquid binders like aqueous mucilage and blended until the proper plasticity of the mass is attained.
▪ Powder is then screened and compressed by machine and dried at elevated temp.
▪ Widely accepted and commercially used method.
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Parameters
▪ Determination of Matter insoluble in boiling water
▪ Test for solubility of colors (Reflux with Water + Rectified
spirit)
▪ Determination of fineness (Sieving from 150 micron sieve
with water)
▪ Determination of pH of aqueous Suspension (pH Meter)
▪ Determination of Moisture & Volatile Matter (Air dried in
Porcelain Dish)
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Exclusives
Mica, Zinc Stearate, Magnesium Myristate, Lauroyl Lysine, Caffeine, Bentonite & Talc.
Talc, Mica, Dimethicone, Sodium Dehydroacetate ,Propylp
araben , Methylparaben, Iron Oxides, Titanium Dioxide.
Talc, Zinc Stearate, Titanium Dioxide, Silica, Boron
Nitride, Dimethicone,Sodium Dehydroacetate, Iron Oxides.
Octinoxate 4.9%, Dimethicone, isononyl isononanoate, dicaprylyl carbonate, nylon-12, Polyethylene
Talc, Magnesium Carbonate, Aluminum Starch, Coumarin, Limonene, Alcohol, Oxides
Talc, Perfume, Aqua, Rosa centifolia, Benzyl Salicylate, Methyl Paraben Propyl Paraben
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References
▪ http://www.cosmetic-ingredients.net
▪ An article by dr.Shahid.S.Chaudhary, National institute of unani medicine, Bangalore
▪ http://www.wikipedia.org
▪ A Survey report by Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Healthcare
▪ An article on FMCG in India by fmcg-in-india.asp
▪ http://www.cosmeticsandskin.com/aba/loose-face-powders.php
▪ Images by Google