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Cost of toleration
Cost
of op
pres
sion
AcceptableUnacceptable
Closedauthoritarian
Hegemonicauthoritarian
Competitiveauthoritarian
Electoraldemocracy
Liberaldemocracy
Ambiguous
Unacceptable
Acceptable
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Hard-liners
Cost ofoppression
Rulers
Soft-liners
Crooks
Reformers
Democrats
Cost oftoleration
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Faction A
Cost ofoppression
Rulers
Faction B
Group A
Reformers
Meta-game:regime transition
Subgame:electoral contest
Group B
Government Opposition
Cost oftoleration
Voters groupn
Core votersCore voters
?
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