Fulgentius N. L
Pennsylvania State
(717) 77
ful4@p
24 Jun
Extraction Methon Green C
______________ugemwa, Ph.D.
e University –York
71-8409
psu.edu
e 2009
hods that FocusChemistry______________
Acknowle
Eric J. LUndergraduate Studen
edgment
Lawrencent at Penn State, York
Summ
• A brief overview of ex• Evidence that extrac
and/or ethyl alcohol w• Where do we go from
mary
xtraction methodsctions using water work
m here?
Extraction Using G
Useful methods inclu• Steam distillation, hydr• Vacuum & atmospheric• Supercritical fluids
Carbon dioxide
Green Chemistry
de rodistillationc sublimation
Other Extract
Some of the organic extract natural products
• Acetone, benzene, 1-bdichloromethane, ethanacetate, hexanes, methxylene.
tion Methods
solvents used to s utanol, chloroform, nol, ether, ethyl hanol, toluene &
Green extractioon by the barrel
Soxhlet eextractor
We use ethyl alcacetone
to extract trimyris
cohol instead of or ether tin from nutmeg
Betulin from White Birch
Betuulin
Carnosic acid frrom Rosemary
Carnossic acid
Betulin e
Solvent system (200 mL) T
45% EtOH/45% EtAc/10% water 4
50% EtOH/50% EtAc 4
EtOH 2
EtAc 2
extracts
Total extract (g) from 20g after 96 hours at room temperature
4.0 ± 0.4
4.4 ± 0.5
2.2 ± 0.2
2.5 ± 0.3
Pure BSolvent system
45% EtOH/45% EtAc/10% water
50% EtOH/50% EtAc
Hot toluene
Betulin Betulin, g /4 g
2.8 ± 0.4
3.0 ± 0.5
3.2 ± 0.6
Carnos
Solvent system A
45% EtOH/45% EtAc/10% water 4
SC-CO2
Acetone 2
Methanol
Butanone 2
ic acid
Amount of carnosic acid- 96 hours, mg/g ± SD 40.5 ± 1.5
35.7 ± 1.6
26.2 ± 1.5
15.9 ± 1.3 13.2 ± 1.5
20.5 ± 1.2
ApplicNatural products arNutraceuticalsCosmeceuticalsPharmaceuticalsInsecticidesInsect repellants
cationsre used as
Application of G
D. Adairs Cosmeticssolventshttp://dadairs.comMoisturizing Ginseng GChamomile MoisturizingOther products contain geranium, white oak bawitch hazel, sage, whitegrass and jasmine.
reen Chemistry
, Inc. uses green
Gelg Cleanserextracts from
rk, horsetail, comfrey, e pine, fennel, lemon
Take-home
The extraction of manatural sources can green solvents. Experiment with watbefore using other s
e message
ny compounds from be carried out using
ter or ethyl alcohol solvents.