P.O. Box 8 Cape Neddick Maine 03902 www.groundrootpreservation.com
ExteriorPaintSpecifications:WoodenStructuresattheCapeNeddickLightStation
August,2016
IntroductionThisspecificationforexteriorpreparationandpaintingtakesintospecialconsiderationtheharshclimaticconditionsattheCapeNeddickLightStation.Includedareinstructionsforbasicidentificationofhistoricpainttypes,mitigatingcircumstances,andprotectingevidenceofimportanthistoricfinishes.Projectadministratorsshouldinspectallsurfacestobepaintedforanyconditionsthatrequirerepairorconservationbeforeengagingpaintersorschedulingtheirwork.Anyrepairsandconservationshouldbecompletedbeforepreparationforpaintingbegins.
1. Generala. ContractorSelection
i. ContractingfirmwillhaveatleastfiveyearsofexperienceworkingwithstructureslistedintheNationalRegisterofHistoricPlaces.
ii. Allpersonnelworkingontheprojectwillhaveatleastfiveyearsofexperiencewiththetools,techniquesandskillsassociatedwithpreparingandpaintinghistoricstructures.
b. QualityAssurance
i. AllprocessesandprocedureswillbesubjecttoinspectionandapprovalbyTownofYorkParksandRecreation(YPR)staffortheirdesignees.
ii. Allworkwillbecompletedinaneat,cleanandworkmanlikemanner.
c. CertificationandCompliancei. Allworkmanwillpossesstherequisitelicensing,insuranceandcertification.
ii. Alllocalregulationsorordinancesregardingscaffolding,parking,publicstreets,right-of-way,andnoiselevelswillbeobserved.
d. Protection
i. Novolatilesubstanceswillbeusedinpaintremovalorapplication.ii. Noflammablesubstanceswillbeleftinhistoricbuildingsduringnon-
worktimes.iii. Noheat-generatingtoolssuchastorches,heatgunsorinfraredpads
willbeused.iv. Nomechanicalblasting(forexample,sand,walnutshellorsoda)will
beusedforpaintremoval.v. Norotarygrindersorsanderswillbeusedforpaintremoval.vi. Therewillbenospray-typeapplicationofpaintorprimer.
e. EPALeadAbatement
i. Forinteriorandexteriorwork,allcontractorsmustpresentcertificationatthefederalandstatelevelsforleadabatement.
ii. Allleadabatementproceduresregardingpaintremoval,jobsitepreparation,anddisposalmustbefollowedincompliancewithstateandfederalregulations.
f. ToolsandEquipment
i. Scrapersandknivesonly:usetoolsthatfitthesurface;onlycurvedscrapersforcurvedmoldings,etc.
ii. Nomechanicaltoolssuchasrotarygrindersorsandersoneithertheinteriororexterior.
iii. Donotscrapetobarewoodifnotnecessary.iv. Onlyusereasonableforcetoremovefailedmaterial.v. Stablepaintlayersremaininplaceasarecordofpainthistory.
2. Beforepainting,allwoodworkrepairsmustbecompletedinconformancewith
SpecificationsforRepairandRestorationofExteriorWoodwork,GroundrootPreservationGroupLLC,August2016.
3. Exterior
a. Inspectioni. Priortopreparationandpaintingexteriorsidingandtrims,observeandinspectallsurfacesforcracks,deflection,biologicalgrowthanddecay.
ii. Cracks:ifcracksorotherareasmovefreely,theelementmustberepairedpriortopainting.Thismustbedonebyaqualifiedarchitecturalconservatororrestorationcarpenter.
iii. BiologicalGrowth:priortopaintapplication,anymossormoldgrowthmustbekilledwithapreservation-friendlyfungicidesuchasD2®
iv. Decay:ifdecayisfound,stoppreparationandnotifyYPRofficialsforapropercourseofrepairorreplacement.Repairsandreplacementsmustbedonebyaqualifiedarchitecturalconservatororrestorationcarpenter.
b. Preparation
i. Allexteriorcombinationstormwindowsanddoorswillberemovedpriortopreparationandpainting.
ii. PaintRemoval:1. Nopower-washingispermitted.2. Scraping:sharpedgesandcornersshouldremainsharp,flat
surfacessmooth,andallcurvesshouldretaintheiroriginalprofiles.
3. Usesharp,cleanpaintscraperswithshapessuitedtotheprofilesofthemoldings.
4. Donotusepointedorflatscraperstoscraperoundprofiles.5. Nolarge-scalepaintremovaltobarewoodispermittedunless
thematerialremoveseasilywithmoderatehandforce.6. Anyloose,flakingpaintmustberemovedbyhandwithasharp,
cleantoolsuchasapainter’s“five-in-one”tool.7. Useonlymoderatehandpressure.8. Donotexpandbordersofpaintremovalareasbeyondlooseor
failedpaint.9. Leavesoundmaterialinplace.Thisensuresthatanadequate
recordofpainthistoryispreserved.10. Overall,perfectlysmoothsurfacesmaynotbeobtainedbythe
aboveprocedures.However,thisspecificationstresses
acceptedpreservationpracticeandasound,long-lastingproductratherthancreatingaperfectaesthetic.
iii. Sanding:iftestsrevealthattheedgesofscrapedareascanbesanded
andfeatheredtocreatesmoothtransitions,usesandpaperstartingwith60or80-gritsandpaper,andfinishingwith150-gritsandpaper.
1. Ifbarewoodisexposed,donotsandorcontinuetosand,asthesurfaceofthewoodcouldbecomedamaged.
2. Makeeveryefforttopreservetheprofilesofallhistoricmoldings.Avoiddistortingorroundingoffsharpedgesandcurvesinmoldingsbysanding.
3. Priortoinstallationofpaint,allbarewoodwillbetreatedwithamixtureconsistingof30%boiledlinseedoiland70%puregumspiritsofturpentine.Thiswillbeappliedliberallyuntilitsoaksevenlyintothewood.Thiswillbeallowedtodryforatleast48hourspriortotheapplicationofprimerandpaint.
c. RustAbatementUseofnon-treatedsteelnailsforsidingandtriminstallationhasledtocorrosionandbleedingthroughpaintintheharsh,salineenvironment.Withoutcompletereplacementoffasteninghardware,thisproblemislikelytopersist.However,withproperpreparation,theprocesscanbesloweddownandcontrolledconsiderably.
i. Forallfuturerepairsuseonlystainlesssteelnailsandtrimscrews.ii. Removealleasilyremovablecorrodinghardware,includingall
staples,nailsandscrewssecuringthedecorativeholidaylighting.iii. Totreatexistingsidingandtrimnails,followtheseprocedures:
1. Nailsflushwith,orproudofwoodensurfaces:a. Gentlyhand-sandallnailheadsthatareflushwith,or
proudofthesurfaceswith150-gritsandpaper,removingpaintandcorrosion,untilabrightmetalfinishisachieved.
b. Donotsandexcessivelytoavoiddamageorreductionofthenailheadsthickness.
c. Withanartist’sbrush,dabPenetrol®ontoeachnailhead.Alsocoveranydifferentialstainingonwoodandpaintsurroundingthenails.Thiswillsealthemetalandstainsagainstfurtherwaterpenetration.Allowtodrycompletelybeforeinstallingprimerandpaint.
2. Nailswithheadsbelowthesurfaceplaneofthewood:a. Furthercounter-sinkwithasteelnailpunchtoadepth
if1/8”belowthesurfaceofthewood.b. Filleachareawithalinseedoil-basedputtysuchas
Swedishputtyhttp://www.guggenheimcolorbyfpe.com/store/pc/viewPrd.asp?idproduct=99
c. Installflushwiththesurfaceofthewood,andremoveallexcess.
d. Allowtocureaspermanufacturer’sspecificationspriortoinstallingprimerandpaint.
d. Primeri. Foruniform,smoothsurfacesingoodrepair,useahigh-qualityacrylicprimer.Theunderlyingcoatingslikelycontainbothoilandacrylicpaints,andoilpaintdoesnotadhereproperlywhenappliedoveracrylic.Selectamong:
1. FinePaintsofEuropeEuroluxAcrylicPrimer2. Sherwin-WilliamsDTMAcrylicPrimerFinish3. BenjaminMooreFreshStartExteriorAcrylicPrimer4. Forirregularorheavily-repairedsurfaces,orsurfaceswith
extremelythickpaintbuildup,useXIMPeelBondprimerii. PaintApplication
1. Nopaintshouldbeapplieduntilmoisturelevelsinallwoodenelementsareconsistentlybelow15%.Allprimerandpaintinstalledonexteriorelementsmustbefinishedbyhandwithneat,parallelbrushstrokes.
2. Nosurfacefinishingwithsprayersorrollersispermitted.3. Rollersarepermittedforinitialapplicationbutpaintmustbe
finishedwithbrusheswhilewet.4. Forclapboardsandtrim,brushstrokesmustalwaysrun
paralleltothelongdimensionofeachelement.5. Primerandpaintwillbeworkeddeeplyintoallcrevices,joints
andcracksbyhandwiththebrush.6. Applyallprimersandpaintsaccordingtomanufacturer’s
specificationsregardingenvironmentalconditions,temperatureandcuretimes.
e. FinishCoatPaint
1. Forclapboards/siding:2. Usehigh-quality,semigloss/satinacrylicpaint.Selectamong:
a. FinePaintsofEuropeEuroluxacrylicpaintb. Sherwin-WilliamsSuperPaintExteriorAcrylicLatex
Paintc. BenjaminMooreRegalSelectExteriorPaint
3. ApplytwofinishcoatstoallelementsperSection3babove.4. Donotusestain;modernlatexandoilexteriorstainsarelittle
morethanthinnedpaintandhavearecordofpoorperformanceandcolorfastness.
5. Appropriatecuretimeswillbeallowedaspermanufacturers’recommendations.
6. Cureforaminimumof21dayspriortoreinstallationofstormwindowsanddoors.Thiswillpreventpossibleweldingofthenewpaintsurfacestothemetalstorms.