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cÖ‡Yv`bv : mvwnZ¨-ms¯‹…wZi Dcv`vb
Zcb cvwjZ
Abstract
The cry for trying the war criminals in Bangladesh is nothing new. The trial of war
criminals in Bangladesh is the biggest and the first of its kind in South Asia. Similar trials
of war crimes were held in Vietnam and Cambodia as well, but those were not as big in
stature. The Pakistani occupation forces and their native collaborators killed nearly 3
million innocent Bangalees and raped and tortured around 400,000 women. The
International Crimes Tribunal was formed to try the crimes committed by the native
collaborators of the Pakistanis. This tribunal and the start of the trial did not come just
like that. Bangalees had to fight for nearly 40 years to make sure that this trial finally
becomes a reality. The government was pressured to amend the International Crimes
Tribunal Act, 1973, which eventually led to the commencement of the trial on March 25,
2010. The civil society had been continuing a movement for this trial for a long time. In
effect, this trial is an outcome of a long movement by the civil society and the families of
the martyred. Various cultural elements such as poems, novels, plays, songs, sculpture
and painting, photography and audiovisual medium, books on the spirit of Liberation
War, short and full-length films on Liberation War, various organizations, associations,
museums and exhibitions also played a crucial role in accelerating the trial of the war
criminals by raising awareness about the spirit of Liberation War among the youth. This
article strives to discuss all those roles.
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Jagannath University Journal of Arts 87
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gvbeZvwe‡ivax Acivax‡`i cÖwZ N„Yv cÖKv‡k ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i|
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Jagannath University Journal of Arts 89
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we`vqÕ (1971), Ô†bK‡o AiY¨Õ (1973), Av‡bvqvi cvkvi ÔivB‡dj †ivwU AvIivZÕ
(1973), ˆmq` kvgmyj n‡Ki Ôwbwl× †jvevbÕ (1981), iv‡eqv LvZz‡bi Ô†divix m~h©Õ
(1974), ikx` nvq`v‡ii Ôbó †RvQbvq G †Kv‡bv AiY¨Õ (1982), Avng` Qdvi
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ÔAv¸‡bi cikgwYÕ (1986), gCbyj Avnmvb mv‡e‡ii Ôcv_i mgqÕ (1990), gÃy
miKv‡ii ÔZgmÕ (1984), ÔcÖwZgv DcvL¨vbÕ cÖf„wZ D‡jøL‡hvM¨| Dcb¨vm iPbvi gva¨‡g
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gvbyl I ZiæY cÖRb¥ 1992 mv‡ji MYAv`vjZ Ges 2013 mv‡ji MYRvMiYg ˆZwi
Jagannath University Journal of Arts 91
K‡i gvbeZvwe‡ivax‡`i wePv‡ii KvVMovq `uvo Kwi‡q wePvi I kvw¯Í Kvh©Ki Ki‡Z
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iƒcvšÍ‡ii gyw³hy‡×i †PZbvq wK‡kvi Dc‡hvMx Dcb¨vm m„wó, evsjv‡`‡ki wkïmvwn‡Z¨
GK Abb¨ ms‡hvRb, hv ZiæY cÖRb¥‡K gyw³hy‡×i †PZbvq RvMÖZ K‡i gvbeZvwe‡ivax
Acivax wePvi Av‡›`vj‡b AskMÖn‡Y DrmvwnZ K‡i‡Q|
bvUK
fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi gva¨‡g evOvwj RvZxqZvev` I †`k‡cÖ‡gi †h m~Pbv n‡qwQj gyw³hy×
Zvi wfwËg~‡j A‡bK ¯^cœ I cÖZ¨vkv iPbv K‡i| gybxi †PŠayix Zuvi Kei bvU‡K msjvc I
Pwi‡Îi gva¨‡g cvwK¯Ívwb kvmK‡Mvôxi wbcxo‡bi †h wPÎ A¼b K‡i‡Qb gyw³hy‡×i
bvUK †mB †PZbv‡K A½xKvi K‡iB weKwkZ n‡q‡Q| gyw³hy×wfwËK Mí iPbvi †¶‡Î
GKwU we‡kl cÖeYZv j¶ Kiv hvq, Zv n‡”Q Avgv‡`i MíKv‡iiv gyw³hy‡×i eY©bv
K‡i‡Qb Zv‡`i ¯§„wZ ev kÖæwZ †_‡K| AwaKvsk MíB gyw³hy‡×i c‡i iwPZ| GB
Mí¸‡jv‡Z nvbv`vi‡`i wbh©vZ‡bi Qwe duy‡U I‡V‡Q| Z‡e cÖZ¨¶ msMÖv‡gi wPý ev m¤§yL
hy‡×i AwfÁZv M‡í Kg I‡V G‡m‡Q| gyw³hy× wfwËK Mí msKjb¸‡jvi g‡a¨
D‡jøL‡hvM¨- Ave`yj Mvd&dvi †PŠayixi Ôevsjv‡`k K_v KqÕ (1971), Avwe` ingvb
m¤úvw`Z Ô†cÖ¶vcU 71Õ (1979), Aveyj nvmbvZ m¤úvw`Z Ôgyw³hy‡×i MíÕ (1983),
nviæb nvexe m¤úvw`Z Ôgyw³hy‡×i wbe©vwPZ MíÕ (1983) cÖf„wZ msKjb| GQvovI GKK
MíMÖ‡š'i g‡a¨ D‡jøL‡hvM¨- kIKZ Imgv‡bi ÔRb¥ hw` Ze e‡½Õ (1975), ekxi Avj
†njv‡ji ÔcÖ_g K…òP~ovÕ (1972), nvmvb AvwRRyj n‡Ki Ôbvgnxb †MvÎnxbÕ (1975),
Avey eKi wmwχKi Ôg‡i euvPvi ¯^vaxbZvÕ (1977), mv‡`Kv kwdDjøvni Ôhy× Ae‡k‡lÕ
92 evsjv‡`‡k gvbeZvwe‡ivax Aciva wePvi Av‡›`vj‡b cÖ‡Yv`bv : mvwnZ¨-ms¯‹…wZi Dcv`vb
(1983), Lv‡j`v mvjvDwχbi ÔhLb iæ×k¦vmÕ (1986) cÖf„wZ| bvU‡K gyw³hy‡×i
†PZbv m¤ú‡K© wek¦wRr †Nvl wj‡Lb,
cÖvK-¯vaxbZv c‡e© †gŠmygx bvU¨PP©vi cwie‡Z© bvU¨Kg©xiv wbqwgZ bvUK
gÂvq‡b D‡`¨vMx n‡jb, bvU¨Kg©xiv bvUK‡K MÖnY Ki‡jb mgvR-e`‡ji
nvwZqvi wn‡m‡e| gyw³hy‡×vËiKv‡j bvUK n‡q IV‡jv GKwU wbqwgZ
wkígva¨g| ¯vaxbZvi g~j¨‡PZbv‡K A_©en Kivi AšÍiMi‡R bvU¨Kg©x I
bvU¨Kviiv GwM‡q G‡jb bZzb D‡`¨v‡g Ges Gfv‡eB evsjv‡`‡ki bvU‡K
jvM‡jv cvjve`‡ji nvIqv|6
bvUK‡K ¯^vaxbZv-DËi evsjv‡`‡ki GKwU mg„× I weKwkZ mvwnZ¨kvLv ejv hvq|
gyw³hy× cieZx© mg‡qi bvU‡K gyw³hy‡×i NUbveûj RbRxeb, nvbv`vi evwnbxi wbh©vZb
cÖf„wZ I‡V G‡m‡Q| GQvovI †`Lv hvq gyw³hy‡×i †PZbvi Ae¶wqZ wPÎ, GKvˇii
civwRZ kw³i cybiæÐvb, ivRvKvi‡`i cÖfve-cÖwZcwË BZ¨vw`| bvU‡K gyw³hy‡×i
cÖwZdjb N‡U‡Q bvbvfv‡e| gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv weKv‡k cÖ‡Yv`bv`vbKvix K‡qKwU bvUK
n‡jvÑ ggZvRDÏxb Avng‡`i Ô¯^vaxbZv Avgvi ¯^vaxbZvÕ (1972), ÔGKwU RvwZ GKwU
BwZnvmÕ (1972), Ave`yjøvn Avj-gvgy‡bi ÔGLbI µxZ`vm, ˆmq` kvgmyj n‡Ki Ôhy×
Ges hy×Õ (1987), bxwjgv Beªvwn‡gi Ô†h Ai‡b¨ Av‡jv †bBÕ (1974), gvbœvb nxivi
ÔRbbx exiv½bvÕ (1996), gvgybyi ikx‡`i ÔRq RqšÍxÕ (1997), cÖ`xc †`IqvbRxi
Ô`vweÕ (2004), `xcK †PŠayixi Ô¯^vaxbZvi gqbvZ`šÍÕ (2002) BZ¨vw`|
bvUK¸‡jv‡Z ¯^vaxbZv-DËi evsjv‡`‡ki mgvR I iv‡óª gyw³hy‡×i †PZbvi
Ae¶wqZ wPÎ, gyw³‡hv×v‡`i wech©¯Í Ae¯'v, ¯^vaxbZvwe‡ivax‡`i DÐvb, ivóªxq ¶gZv
`Lj cÖf„wZ I‡V Av‡m| Gi gva¨‡g ZiæY cÖRb¥ gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv D×z× n‡q I‡V Ges
gyw³hy×we‡ivax‡`i m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cv‡i| Zviv ¯^vaxbZv we‡ivax‡`i wePv‡ii `vwe‡Z
†mv”Pvi nq| GK mgq ivRvKvi K_vwU D”PviY ch©šÍ Kiv wb‡la wQj| †mB mg‡q
ûgvqyb Avn‡g` Zuvi bvU‡K cvwLi K‡É ÔZzB ivRvKviÕ K_vwU D”PvwiZ K‡i
hy×vcivax‡`i weiæ‡× N„Yv cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb|
gvbeZvwe‡ivax Acivax‡`i wePv‡ii `vwe‡Z Pjgvb Av‡›`vj‡b gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv
weKv‡k c_bvUK ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Ae`vb iv‡L| mfvmgv‡ek, wgwQ‡ji cvkvcvwk c_bvU‡Ki
gva¨‡g gvbeZvwe‡ivax‡`i AcKg© gvby‡li mvg‡b Zz‡j a‡i Zv‡`i wePv‡ii `vwe
Rvbv‡bv nq| 1996 mv‡ji 4 wW‡m¤i Avwgbyj nK g›Uzi mfvcwZ‡Z¡ kwn` wgbv‡i
AbywôZ nq gyw³hy× wfwËK c_bv‡Uvrme| Abyôv‡b ¯§„wZPviY K‡ib gay`vi cyÎ AiæY
Kzgvi †`, iv‡g›`y gRyg`vi I Wv. bxwjgv Beªvwng| Abyôv‡b mevB kc_ K‡ib, Õ71-Gi
ivRvKvi, Avje`i, RvgvqvZx‡`i m‡½ mvgvwRKfv‡e †Kv‡bv m¤úK© Zviv ivL‡eb bv|
RvgvqvZ-ivRvKvi cwiev‡i †Q‡j/†g‡q we‡q †`‡e bv †KD| Avi gnvb gyw³hy‡×i
†PZbvi weiæ‡× mKj lohš¿ cÖwZnZ Ki‡eb Zviv|Õ G w`b D`xPx g¯' K‡i Ô¯^vaxbZvi
jovBÕ Ges mgq g¯' K‡i ÔMYivqÕ| ÔMYivqÕ bvUKwU wQj ¯^vaxbZvi c‡i ivRvKvi-
Avje`i‡`i cybe©vmb Ges ivóª I miKv‡ii ¸iæZ¡c~Y© c‡` Zv‡`i cÖwZôv I me©‡k‡l
Zv‡`i wePv‡ii `vex‡Z Rvnvbviv Bgv‡gi MYAv`vjZ MV‡bi welqe¯`‡K †K›`ª K‡i|
Jagannath University Journal of Arts 93
Ôevev‡K †Zv cve bv| wKš` Zuvi nZ¨vKvix‡`i wePvi †Zv PvB‡Z cvie| myZxeª wPrKv‡i
dwiqv` KiwQ 30 jvL evOvwj nZ¨vi mn‡hvMx ivRvKvi‡`i wk‡ivgwY †Mvjvg Avh‡gi
kvw¯Í †`qv †nvK duvwm|Õ mv¶x wn‡m‡e GK kwn` wcZvi mšÍv‡bi GB Av‡e`‡bi ga¨
w`‡q bvUKwU †kl nq|
gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv weKv‡k cÖ‡Yv`bv`vbKvix Mvb
gyw³hy‡×i mgq Ges cieZ©xKv‡j wewfbœ MvqK-MvwqKv I Ôgyw³ msMÖvgx wkíx ms 'viÕ
Kg©xe„›` kiYv_©x wkwe‡i A_© msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ wewfbœ Abyôv‡b ¯^vaxb evsjv †eZv‡ii Mvb
cwi‡ekb K‡ib| †mB Mvb¸‡jv gyw³hy‡× wb‡qvwRZ mKj ¯Í‡ii gvby‡li Drmvn DÏxcbv
I Aby‡cÖiYvi m½x wnmv‡e KvR K‡i| ¯^vaxbZvDËi gyw³hy‡×i Av‡eMgvLv Mvb¸‡jv
Avevi gvbyl‡K wdwi‡q wb‡q hvq fvlv Av‡›`vjb I gyw³ msMÖv‡gi ev¯Íe wP‡Î| Kv‡ji
e¨eav‡b fvlv Av‡›`vjb I gyw³hy‡×i wPÎ Avgv‡`i mvg‡b gwjb n‡q †M‡jI Mvb¸‡jv
†mB ¯§„wZ‡K AvM‡j iv‡L Ges gyw³hy‡×i †PZbvq ZiæY cÖRb¥‡K DØy× Ki‡Z mnvqZv
K‡i hvi cÖgvY Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB 1992 mv‡ji MYAv`vjZ I 2013 mv‡j kvnev‡Mi
MYRvMiYg‡Â|
gvbeZvwe‡ivax Acivax‡`i wePv‡ii `vwe‡Z Pjgvb Av‡›`vj‡b GB Mvb¸‡jv
gvby‡li g‡b gyw³hy× w`‡bi ¯§„wZ Ges ¯^vaxbZvwe‡ivax‡`i cÖwZ N„Yvi mÂvi K‡i|
gyw³hy× Kvjxb MvqK-MvwqKviv mw¤§wjZfv‡e Ôgyw³ msMÖvgx wkíx ms¯'vÕ M‡o Zz‡j bvbv
ai‡bi Mvb cwi‡ekb K‡ib| G ai‡bi Mv‡bi msL¨v cÖvq 50wU | wKš` gyw³hy‡×i
`wjjc‡Î 26wU c~Y©v½ Mv‡bi ZvwjKv cvIqv hvq| Gi g‡a¨ D‡jøL‡hvM¨ K‡qKwU n‡jvÑ
ÔAvwg GK evsjvi gyw³‡mbvÕ, ÔwePvicwZ †Zvgvi wePvi Ki‡e hvivÕ, ÔRbZvi msMÖvg
Pj‡eBÕ, Ô†bvOi †Zvj †Zvj mgq †nvj †nvjÕ, ÔGK mvMi i‡³i wewbg‡qÕ, Ômvjvg mvjvg
nvRvi mvjvgÕ cÖf„wZ| GB Mvb¸‡jv gyw³hy‡×i mgq gyw³‡hv×v‡`i †hgb D×z× K‡i‡Q
†Zgwb mvaviY gvbyl gyw³hy‡×i †PZbvq RvMÖZ n‡q‡Q| gyw³hy× cieZ©x mg‡qi wewfbœ
ivR‰bwZK I mvs¯‹…wZK Av‡›`vj‡b GB Mvb¸‡jv mvaviY gvbyl‡K gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv Ges
¯^vaxbZv we‡ivax‡`i cÖwZ N„Yv cÖKv‡k DÏxß K‡i|
1992 mv‡ji 26 gvP© MYAv`vj‡Z kxl© hy×vcivax †Mvjvg Avh‡gi wePv‡ii
`vwe‡Z MwVZ MYAv`vj‡Z †Mvjvg Avh‡gi wePvi‡K †K›`ª K‡i wKQz Mvb †jLv n‡qwQj|
†mB Mvb¸‡jv gvbyl‡K gyw³hy‡×i †PZbvq DÏxß K‡i| wb‡gœ ivRkvnx wek¦we`¨vj‡qi
`k©b wefv‡Mi Aa¨vcK I ivRkvnx mgš^q KwgwUi m`m¨ mwPe Gm Gg AveyeK‡ii †mB
mg‡q iwPZ K‡qKwU Mv‡bi D‡jøL Kiv n‡jvÑ
1. Lei G‡jv gv‡P©
MYAv`vjZ em‡Q XvKv‡Z||
P‡jv P‡jv XvKv P‡jv,
NvZK a‡iv `vjvj a‡iv,
a‡i a‡i wePvi K‡iv|7
2. G‡m‡Q G‡m‡Q 26 †k gvP© G‡m‡Q,
e‡m‡Q e‡m‡Q KvQvwi e‡m‡Q,
94 evsjv‡`‡k gvbeZvwe‡ivax Aciva wePvi Av‡›`vj‡b cÖ‡Yv`bv : mvwnZ¨-ms¯‹…wZi Dcv`vb
ZvB †`L‡Z Gjvg XvKv kn‡i
w`‡q †Mjvg nvRvi †mjvg
Rvnvbviv Bgv‡g‡i||8
GB iK‡gi AmsL¨ Mvb gyw³hy‡× Ges cieZ©x mg‡q hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii `vwe‡Z M‡o
IVv Av‡›`vj‡b cÖ‡Yv`bv hywM‡q‡Q|
fv¯‹h© I wPÎKjv
gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv weKvk Ges ¯§„wZ‡K RvMiæK K‡i ivLvi Rb¨ †`‡ki wewfbœ ¯'v‡b
wbwg©Z nq gyw³hy‡×i fv¯‹h© I ¯§„wZ‡mŠa| G¸‡jv Avgv‡`i ¯§iY Kwi‡q †`q gyw³hy‡×i
¯§„wZK_v, BwZnvm, †MŠie I †e`bvgq NUbv| GB fv¯‹h©¸‡jvi mv‡_ Rwo‡q Av‡Q
i³‡fRv wewfbœ NUbvewj| GB NUbvewj Rvbvi gva¨‡g ZiæY cÖRb¥ gyw³hy‡×i †PZbvq
RvMwiZ n‡Z DrmvwnZ nq| GB fv¯‹h©¸‡jv gvbeZvwe‡ivax Acivax wePvi Av‡›`vj‡bI
cÖ‡Yv`bv wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i‡Q| Gi g‡a¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© K‡qKwU n‡”QÑ RvZxq ¯§„wZ‡mŠa
(mvfvi, XvKv), eyw×Rxex ¯§„wZ‡mŠa (wgicyi, XvKv), knx`¯§„wZ (RMbœv_ nj, XvKv),
wkLv Awbe©vY (†mbvwbevm, XvKv), iv‡qi evRvi ¯§„wZ‡mŠa (XvKv), ¯§„wZ A¤øvb (f`iv
†gvo, ivRkvnx), mvevk evsjv‡`k (ivRkvnx), `yR©q evsjv (wmivRMÃ), weRq evsjv
(PÆMÖvg), gywRebMi ¯§„wZ‡mŠa (gywRebMi), cÖRb¥ (iscyi), ¯§viK‡ew` (wm‡jU)|
evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZwU Rbc‡` gyw³hy‡×i ¯§i‡Y ¯§„wZ‡mŠa, ¯§„wZ¯Í¤¢, ¯§viK wbwg©Z n‡q‡Q|
GB fv¯‹h©¸‡jv wbg©v‡Yi †cQ‡b KviY wQj i³¶qx gyw³hy×| ZvB fv¯‹h©¸‡jv gyw³hy‡×i
HwZn¨ enb K‡i Ges †PZbv weKv‡k KvR K‡i|
wPÎKjv gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv weKv‡k cÖ‡Yv`bv`vbKvix Ab¨vb¨ Dcv`v‡bi g‡Zv
GKwU Ab¨Zg Dcv`vb| Gi gva¨‡g ¯^vaxbZv we‡ivax‡`i cÖwZ N„Yv cÖKvk Ges
gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv weKv‡ki Rb¨ A‡bK KvR n‡q‡Q| †h wPÎKjv¸‡jv ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Zvi
g‡a¨ K‡qKwU n‡jvÑ Kvgiæj nvmv‡bi †cv÷vi ÔGB Rv‡bvqvi‡K nZ¨v Ki‡Z n‡eÕ,
Rqbyj Av‡e`x‡bi Ôgyw³‡hv×v igYxÕ I Ôexiv½bvÕ, Gm Gg myjZv‡bi wekvj gyw³hy×
wfwËK †`qvjwPÎ, ikx` †PŠayixi †¯‹P Ôevsjvi we‡`ªvnÕ| GQvovI nv‡kg Lv‡bi gyw³hy×
I ¯vaxbZvwfwËK WªBs I †¯‹P, KvBq~g †PŠayixi ÔRqevsjvÕ, kvnveywÏb Avn‡g‡`i
Ôgyw³‡hv×vÕ we‡kl ¯'vb `Lj K‡i Av‡Q| ZvQvovI wkíx wbZzb KzÐy, Avwgbyj Bmjvg,
gZ©yRv ekxi, †`e`vm PµeZ©x, Avey Zv‡ni, mgiwRr ivq †PŠayix, iwdKzbœex I Ave ym
mvËvi cÖgy‡Li wkíK‡g© gyw³hy×wfwËK A‡bK wPÎ ¯'vb †c‡q‡Q hv gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv
weKv‡ki gva¨‡g hy×vcivax wePvi Av‡›`vj‡b cÖ‡Yv`bv`v‡b ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i|
Av‡jvKwPÎ I AwWI-wfwWI
gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv weKv‡ki †¶‡Î Av‡jvKwPÎ Ges AwWI I wfwWI ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv
cvjb K‡i| GB gva¨‡g gyw³hy×Kvjxb NUbv m¤ú‡K© aviYv cvIqv hvq| Av‡jvKwP‡Îi
g‡a¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© ÔnvRvi eQ‡ii evsjv‡`‡ki BwZnv‡mi G¨vjevgÕ, Ô1948-1971
Av‡jvKwPÎ msKjbÕ, Òevsjv bv‡gi †`kÕ I Ôevsjvi gyw³msMÖvg wmivRD‡ÏŠjv †_‡K
Jagannath University Journal of Arts 95
†kL gywReÕmn A‡bK MÖ‡š'i Av‡jvKwPÎ Ges AwWI-wfwWI‡Z fvlv Av‡›`vjb, 1962
mv‡ji QvÎ Av‡›`vjb, Qq`dv Kg©m~wP, 1971 mv‡ji 25 gv‡P©i MYnZ¨vmn `xN© bq
gv‡mi AcKxwZ©i bvbv wPÎ dz‡U I‡V| gyw³hy×wfwËK AwWI-wfwWI gyw³hy‡×i
BwZnv‡mi Ag~j¨ DcvË| GB DcvË gyw³hy‡×i mwVK BwZnvm cÖYqb I gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv
weKvk Ges gvbeZvwe‡ivax Aciva wePvi Av‡›`vj‡b ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i|
WvKwUwKU I †cv÷vi
gyw³hy×Kvjxb gywRebMi miKvi AvUwU WvKwUwKU †ei K‡iwQj| Gi gva¨‡g ïiæ nq
Avgv‡`i WvKwUwK‡Ui hvÎv| GB WvKwUwKU¸‡jv gyw³hy‡×i BwZnvm iPbv I †PZbv
weKv‡k AMÖYx f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| G¸‡jvi g‡a¨ `k cqmvi WvKwUwK‡U evsjv‡`‡ki
gvbwPÎ, wek cqmvi WvKwUwK‡U XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi nZ¨vKv‡Ði cÖZxK, cÂvk cqmvi
WvKwUwK‡U mv‡o mvZ †KvwU evOvwji cÖZxK, GK UvKvi WvKwUwK‡U evsjv‡`‡ki
cZvKv, `yB UvKvi WvKwUwK‡U AvIqvgx jx‡Mi 98% †fv‡U weR‡qi cÖZxK, wZb
UvKvi WvKwUwK‡U ¯^vaxb miKv‡ii †NvlYvi cÖZxK, cuvP UvKvi WvKwUwK‡U †kL gywReyi
ingv‡bi Qwe, `k UvKvi WvKwUwK‡U evsjv‡`‡ki c¶ mg_©‡bi Rb¨ Av‡e`‡bi
cÖZxK| cieZ©xKv‡j gyw³hy‡× knx` eyw×Rxex, RvZxq †bZv, exi‡kªô‡`i wb‡q
WvKwUwKU I †cv÷vi †ei Kiv nq| GB WvKwUwKU I †cv÷vi gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv mvaviY
gvby‡li g‡a¨ weKv‡k Ae`vb iv‡L|
gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv welqK eB
1971 mvj †_‡K 2015 mvj ch©šÍ gyw³hy× welqK cÖvq 4600 eB cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q|
1971 mvj †_‡K ïiæ K‡i 1984 mv‡ji c~e© ch©šÍ gyw³hy× I hy×vcivax wel‡q eB‡qi
msL¨v wQj LyeB bMY¨| wKš` 1987 mv‡ji eB †gjvq gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv weKvk †K›`ª
†_‡K GKvˇii NvZK `vjvjiv †K †Kv_vq eBwU cÖKvwkZ nIqvi ci gyw³hy‡×i Ges
ivRvKvi‡`i Dci MÖš' iPbvq AvMÖn e„w× cvq Ges †`Lv hvq †h, 1984 mvj ch©šÍ
gyw³hy× welqK eB‡qi msL¨v 350wUi g‡Zv n‡jI cieZ©xKv‡j Zv e„w× †c‡Z _v‡K|
1992 mv‡ji 26 gvP© MYAv`vj‡Z †Mvjvg Avh‡gi wePv‡ii ci gvby‡li g‡b m‡PZbZv
e„w× cvq| ZLb e¨w³MZ I †emiKvwi D‡`¨v‡M gyw³hy×wfwËK eB cÖKvk ïiæ nq|
AvIqvgx jxM miKvi 1996 mv‡j ¶gZvq Avmvi ci gyw³hy× wfwËK MÖš' iPbv e„w×
cvq| 1992 mv‡j MYAv`vj‡Z †Mvjvg Avh‡gi wePv‡ii ci wewfbœ msMVb M‡o I‡V
gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv cÖmv‡ii Rb¨| gyw³‡hv×v‡`i msMVb Õ71 Gi hvÎx, Ôgyw³hy× Rv`yNiÕ,
Ôe½eÜz ¯§„wZ Rv yNiÕ, RvZxq wek^we`¨vj‡q Ôgyw³hy× I evsjv‡`k M‡elYv Bbw÷wUDUÕ
cÖf…wZ cÖwZôvb MV‡bi gva¨‡g gyw³hy× PP©v Ges gyw³hy× I hy×vcivax‡`i wb‡q eB
cÖKvk e„w× cvq|
miKvwi D‡`¨v‡M gyw³hy‡×i `wjjc‡Îi msMÖ‡ni D`vmxbZv j¶ K‡i KwZcq e¨w³ Ges
†Mvôx gyw³hy‡×i BwZnvm cybM©V‡bi Kv‡R GwM‡q Av‡mb| GB D‡`¨vM¸‡jv gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv
weKv‡ki gva¨‡g hy×vcivax‡`i weiæ‡× Av‡›`vj‡b cÖ‡Yv`bv `v‡b ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i|
Gi g‡a¨ D‡jøL‡hvM¨ D‡`¨vMmg~n n‡jv- gyw³hy× †PZbv weKvk †K›`ª, gyw³hy× ¯§„wZ msm`,
96 evsjv‡`‡k gvbeZvwe‡ivax Aciva wePvi Av‡›`vj‡b cÖ‡Yv`bv : mvwnZ¨-ms¯‹…wZi Dcv`vb
gyw³‡hv×v msnwZ cwil`, gyw³hy× M‡elYv †K› ª, gyw³‡hv×v‡`i msMVb Õ71 Gi hvÎx, gyw³hy×
Rv`yNi, e½eÜz ¯§„wZ Rv`yNi, ivRkvnx wek¦we`¨vj‡qi knx` ¯§„wZ msMÖnkvjv, RvZxq
wek^we`¨vj‡q Ôgyw³hy× I evsjv‡`k M‡elYv Bbw÷wUDUÕ, ivRkvnx wek¦we`¨vjq msjMœ GjvKvq
†emiKvwi D‡`¨v‡M cÖwZwôZ Ô†nwi‡UR: evsjv‡`‡ki BwZnv‡mi AvK©vBfmÕ BZ¨vw`| Gme
msMÖnkvjv, cwil` †_‡K gyw³hy×wfwËK eB, Av‡jvKwPÎ, `wjjcÎ, cÎcwÎKv BZ¨vw`
cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q Ges gyw³hy‡×i mv‡_ mswkøó Ab¨vb¨ ¯§„wZwPý msi¶Y Kiv nq hv gyw³hy‡×i
†PZbv weKv‡k cÖ‡Yv`bv wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i|
evsjv‡`‡ki BwZnv‡mi me‡P‡q †MŠie`xß Aa¨vq gyw³hy× welqK AbymÜvb, Abya¨vb,
M‡elYv I ch©v‡jvPbvi ¸iæZ¡ Acwimxg| hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii `vwei cvkvcvwk gyw³hy‡×i
MÖš'gvjv µgweKwkZ n‡q P‡j‡Q| gyw³hy× welqK cÖKvkbv †_‡K †mUv †evSv hvq| Gm‡ei g‡a¨
w`‡q bZzb Av‡jv‡K D™¢vwmZ n‡”Q gyw³hy×| ¯vaxbZv jv‡fi ci gyw³hy× welqK eB e¨vcK
nv‡i cÖKvwkZ nIqv DwPZ wQj| wKš` wewfbœ mxgve×Zvi Rb¨ Zv Kiv nqwb| ¯vaxbZvi
Ae¨ewnZ ci evsjv‡`k md‡i G‡m fvi‡Zi L¨vZbvgv mvwnwZ¨K gyjyyKivR Avb›` 1972 mv‡ji
16 Rvbyqvwi XvKvq eyw×Rxex‡`i GK mfvq e‡jwQ‡jb,
Avcbviv gmx †Q‡o Awm a‡iwQ‡jb, Gevi Awm †Q‡o Kjg ai‡eb, Avcbv‡`i
†jLvq †hb evsjv‡`‡ki wech©‡qi Qwe AuvKv _v‡K| †jLKiv mgv‡Ri cÖwZwbwa|
mgv‡Ri ü`¯ú›`b †hb Avcbv‡`i †jLvq cÖKvwkZ nq| Avcbv‡`i †`‡k †h
gg©NvZx Kvwnbx AwfbxZ n‡q †M‡Q Zv hw` cÖKvk Ki‡Z bv cv‡ib; Rvb‡eb-GB
ytL cÖKvk Kivi fvlv Avgvi †bB- GÕI GKwU KweZv n‡e|9
1975 mv‡ji 15 AvM÷ RvwZi RbK e½eÜz‡K mcwiev‡i nZ¨vi ci mgvR I iv‡óª
¯^vaxbZv we‡ivax‡`i cybe©vmb ïiæ nq| ZvB GB mg‡q gyw³hy‡×i Av`k© we¯Ív‡ii Rb¨
gyw³hy×wfwËK eB cÖKvk †Zgb nqwb| hv n‡q‡Q Zv LyeB ¯^í cwim‡i| 1987 mv‡j
GKvˇii NvZK `vjvjiv †K †Kv_vq MÖš'wU iPbvi mgq †`Lv hvq gyw³hy× wfwËK eB‡qi
msL¨v me©mvK~‡j¨ 350wU| M‡elYv wfwËK I Z_¨ m¤wjZ eB‡qi msL¨v LyeB Kg|
1991 mv‡ji †deªæqvwi ch©šÍ cÖKvwkZ eB‡qi Dci wfwË K‡i Avey †gvt †`‡jvqvi
†nv‡mb evsjv‡`k : gyw³hy× welqK MÖš’cÄx bv‡g GKwU eB cÖKvk K‡ib| GB eB‡Z
†gvU 882wU gyw³hy‡×i eB‡qi ZvwjKv †`qv n‡q‡Q| Gici †g gv‡m evsjv‡`‡k e½eÜz
PP©v bv‡g wZwb GKwU eB cÖKvk K‡ib| GB eB‡q e½eÜz welqK 350wU eB‡qi ZvwjKv
Ges 70-80wU D‡jøL‡hvM¨ eB‡qi msw¶ß cwiwPwZ i‡q‡Q| cieZ©xKv‡j gyw³hy×
Rv yNi gyw³hy‡×i eB wk‡ivbv‡g 1998 mv‡j 829wU eB‡qi GKwU ZvwjKv cÖKvk
K‡i| 1999 mv‡j RvZxq MÖš' cÖKvk gyw³hy‡×i MÖš’cwÄ wk‡ivbv‡g 1200 eB Gi
ZvwjKv cÖYqb K‡i| 2012 mv‡j gyw³hy× Rv`yNi †_‡K Aa¨vcK Avey †gv. †`‡jvqvi
†nv‡m‡bi m¤úv`bvq cÖKvwkZ nq 4000 nvRvi eB‡qi ZvwjKv m¤wjZ gyw³hy‡×i
MÖš’cwÄ| 2014 mv‡j cÖKvwkZ G MÖ‡š' 4660wU eB‡qi ZvwjKv i‡q‡Q| GKB eQi
evsjv GKv‡Wwg cÖKvwkZ W. Avey †gv. †`‡jvqvi †nv‡m‡bi e½eÜz welqK MÖš'cwÇZ
960wU eB‡qi ZvwjKv n‡q‡Q| weGbwc RvgvqvZ †Rv‡Ui kvmbvg‡j iwPZ wKQz Dcb¨v‡m ZrKvjxb Ae¯'v Zz‡j
aiv n‡q‡Q| 1994 mv‡j Ô†gŠPv‡K wXjÕ mvßvwnK cwÎKvq Avwbmyj n‡Ki AÜKv‡ii
Jagannath University Journal of Arts 97
GKkÕ eQi bv‡g GKwU Dcb¨vm cÖKvwkZ nq avivevwnKfv‡e| GB Dcb¨v‡m `ywU cÖavb
PwiÎ AvwZDi ingvb wgRvbx I †eMg Iqvwn`v ingvb| Dcb¨v‡mi Kvwnbx‡Z †`Lv‡bv
nq, Ô†`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡g kÎæc‡¶i cÖZ¨¶ mn‡hvMx AvwZDi ingvb wgRvbx
¯^vaxbZvi cÖvq wZwik-cuqwÎk eQi ci ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡gi GKRb †m±i KgvÛv‡ii ¯¿x
†eMg Iqvwn`v ingv‡bi †bZ…Z¡vaxb `‡ji mv‡_ †hŠ_fv‡e miKvi MVb K‡i| miKv‡i
Iqvwn`v ingvb cÖavbgš¿x Ges wgRvbx GKRb gš¿x nb| wZb Pvi eQ‡ii gv_vq AvwZDi
ingvb wgRvbx Mfxi lohš¿ K‡i cÖavbgš¿x Iqvwn`v ingvb‡K nZ¨v K‡i ¶gZv `Lj
K‡i wb‡RB cÖavbgš¿x nb Ges †`k GK kÕ eQ‡ii Rb¨ AÜKvi hy‡M wbcwZZ nq|10
GB
Dcb¨v‡mi wewfbœ Pwi‡Îi gva¨‡g hy×vcivax‡`i ZrKvjxb Ae¯'v I ivRvKvi‡`i
cybe©vmb m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq|
gyw³hy‡×i ci iwPZ gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv weKv‡ki Rb¨ gyw³hy‡×i †PZbvwfwËK
eB¸‡jvi g‡a¨ K‡qKwU eB‡qi D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv| GB eB¸‡jv hy×vcivax‡`i Kg©KvÐ
m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z mnvqZv K‡i| gybZvmxi gvgy‡bi †mB me cvwK¯Ívbx, ivRvKvi mgM Ö,
ivRvKv‡ii gb, gyw³hy× mgM Ö, gyw³hy× †Kvl (12 LÐ), kvwšÍ KwgwU 1971, exiv½bv,
Rvnvbviv Bgv‡gi GKvˇii w`b¸wj, kvnwiqvi Kwe‡ii GKvˇii NvZK `vjv‡jiv †K
†Kv_vq, MYAv`vj‡Zi cUf~wg, Ave`yj Mvd&dvi †PŠayixi evOvjxi Amgvß hy×, Avgxiæj
Bmjv‡gi Avwg gyw³‡hv×v n‡Z PvB, Kvgvj Avn‡g‡`i Õ71 †PZbvq A¤øvb, Gg Gg
Avwji AvR‡Ki gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv I †`k Movi WvK, b~n-Dj Avjg †jwb‡bi gyw³hy× I
DËiKvj, e`iæÏxb Dg‡ii MYAv`vjZ Amgvß gyw³hy‡×i †Ri, ew`D¾vgv‡bi gyw³i
†PZbvq cÖf„wZ| GB eB¸‡jvi gva¨‡g ZiæY cÖRb¥ hy×vcivax‡`i b„ksm Kg©KvÐ Ges
cybe©vm‡bi BwZnvm Rvb‡Z cv‡i| Gi d‡j Zv‡`i g‡b gvbeZvwe‡ivax Acivax‡`i
m¤ú‡K© N„Yvi m„wó nq| Ges †`Lv hvq †h, 2008 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡b ZiæY cÖRb¥
hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii c‡¶ gZ w`‡q AvIqvgx jxM †bZ…Z¡vaxb gnv‡RvU miKvi‡K
wbe©vwPZ K‡i| GB RvMiY m¤¢e n‡q‡Q Zv‡`i g‡a¨ m‡PZbZv e„w×i gva¨‡g| Avi GB
m‡PZbZv e„wׇZ gyw³hy×wfwËK eB¸‡jv ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv iv‡L|
gyw³hy×wfwËK c~Y©‰`N©¨ I ¯^í‰`N©¨ Pjw”PÎ
1971 mv‡j gyw³hy‡×i ci †_‡K 2013 ch©šÍ gyw³hy×wfwËK wKQz cÖvgvY¨wPÎ, c~Y©‰`N©¨
Pjw”PÎ I ¯í‰`N©¨ Pjw”PÎ ˆZwi Kiv nq| GB Pjw”Pθ‡jv gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv weKvk
Ges hy×vcivax ivRvKvi, Avje`i I kvwšÍKwgwUi m`m¨‡`i gy‡Lvk D‡b¥vP‡b ¸iæZ¡c~Y©
f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| cÖvgvY¨wPθ‡jv‡Z gyw³hy×Kvjxb cvwK¯Ívwb evwnbx I Zv‡`i
G‡`kxq †`vmi‡`i wbg©g MYnZ¨vi wPÎ Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q| GQvov †`kvZ¥‡evaK
Mvb¸‡jvi gva¨‡g gvbyl‡K †`kvZ¥‡ev‡a DØy× Kiv nq| c~Y©‰`N¨ Pjw”Pθ‡jv
gyw³hy×Kvjxb Ae¯'v Ges gyw³hy‡×i ci hy×weaŸ¯Í †`k cybM©V‡b wewfbœ cÖwZeÜKZv
Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q| K‡qKwU Pjw”P‡Î †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q wKfv‡e hy×vcivaxiv µgk
evsjv‡`‡k cybe©vwmZ n‡q‡Q| wKQz wKQz Pjw”PÎ hy×vicvax‡`i gy‡Lvk D‡b¥vP‡b
¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i|
98 evsjv‡`‡k gvbeZvwe‡ivax Aciva wePvi Av‡›`vj‡b cÖ‡Yv`bv : mvwnZ¨-ms¯‹…wZi Dcv`vb
1971 mvj †_‡K ïiæ K‡i cÖvgvY¨wPÎ, ¯^í‰`N © I c~Y©‰`N©¨ Pjw”P‡Îi gva¨‡g
gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv Ges hy×vicvax‡`i weiæ‡× gvby‡li †¶vf Zz‡j aivi †Póv Kiv
n‡q‡Q| c~Y©‰`N©¨ Pjw”P‡Îi g‡a¨ Pvlx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi ÔIiv 11 RbÕ (1972), myfvl
`‡Ëi ÔAiæ‡Yv`‡qi AwMœmv¶xÕ (1972), Lvb AvZvDi ingv‡bi ÔAvevi †Zviv gvbyl nÕ
(1973), AvjgMxi Kwe‡ii Ôax‡i e‡n †gNbvÕ (1973), bvivqb †Nvl wgZvi ÔAv‡jvi
wgwQjÕ (1974), ûgvqyb Avng‡`i ÔAv¸‡bi cikgwYÕ (1994), Lvb AvZvDi ingv‡bi
ÔGLbI A‡bK ivZÕ (1997), Pvlx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi Ônv½i b`xi †MÖ‡bWÕ (1997)
D‡jøL‡hvM¨| GQvov ¯^í‰`N©¨ Pjw”P‡Îi g‡a¨ Zvbfxi †gvKv‡¤§‡ji ÔûwjqvÕ (1984) I
Ôb`xi bvg gaygwZÕ (1995), bvwmi DwÏb BDmy‡di ÔGKvˇii hxïÕ (1993), Gbv‡qZ
Kwig evey‡ji ÔcZvKvÕ, †gvi‡k yj Bmjv‡gi ÔAvMvgxÕ (1984) I Ôkir GKvËiÕ
(2000), Lvb AvLZvi †nv‡m‡bi Ô`~išÍÕ, mygb Avn‡g‡`i Ôa~mi hvÎvÕ, nviæbyi iwk‡`i
ÔAvgiv †Zvgv‡`i fzje bvÕ, Zv‡iK gvmy` I K¨v_wib gvmy‡`i Ôbimy›`iÕ D‡jøL‡hvM¨|
gyw³hy× wfwËK cÖvgvY¨wPÎ ˆZwi n‡q‡Q K‡qKwU| Gig‡a¨ Rwni ivqnv‡bi Ô÷c
†R‡bvmvBWÕ (1971) I ÔG †÷BU BR eb©Õ, Zv‡iK gvmy` I K¨v_wib gvmy‡`i Ôgyw³i
MvbÕ (1995) I Ôgyw³i K_vÕ (1999) Ges Zvbfxi †gvKv‡¤§‡ji Ô¯§„wZ Õ71Õ (1991)
D‡jøL‡hvM¨| GB Pjw”Pθ‡jvi Kvwnbx †_‡KB †evSv hvq †h Gi gva¨‡g gyw³hy×Kvjxb
Ae¯'v Ges ivRvKvi‡`i b„ksm Kg©KvÐ KZUv fqven wQj| Gi gva¨‡g ivRvKvi‡`i
Avmj PwiÎ gvby‡li mvg‡b Zz‡j aiv nq| gyw³hy× cieZ©x ZiæY cÖRb¥ GB Pjw”Pθ‡jv
†`‡L ivRvKvi‡`i N„Y¨ Kg©KvÐ m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cv‡i Ges Zv‡`i wePv‡ii `vwe‡Z
Pjgvb Av‡›`vj‡b GKvZ¥Zv †NvlYv K‡i|
msMVb, Rv`yNi I †gjv
gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv weKvk Ges gvbeZvwe‡ivax‡`i AcK‡g©i NUbv ZiæY cÖRb¥‡K
Rvbv‡bvi Rb¨ gyw³hy‡×i †PZbvq wek¦vmx mykxj mgv‡Ri e¨w³eM© wbR D‡`¨v‡M I
miKvwifv‡e wKQz msMVb, Rv`yNi cÖwZôv I †gjvi Av‡qvRb K‡ib| Av‡›`vj‡bi
cvkvcvwk GB Kvh©µg hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi Av‡›`vj‡b †cÖiYv wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i|
Õ71 Gi hvÎx (1992)
gyw³‡hv×v‡`i Øviv MwVZ GKwU msMVb n‡”Q Õ71 Gi hvÎx| 1992 mv‡ji AvM÷ gv‡m
iweDj ûmvBb, gybZvmxi gvgyb, kvnwiqvi Kwei, Av°z †PŠayix, gKeyj Gjvnx cÖgyL
wg‡j GB msMVbwU cÖwZôv K‡ib| gnvb gyw³hy× I ¯vaxbZvi g~j¨, †PZbv, `vwqZ¡ Ges
wek^vm memgq mewKQzi D‡aŸ© Zz‡j aiv, hv‡Z K‡i †`k-m„wói g~j kw³-ci¤úiv we¯§„Z
n‡q eZ©gv‡bi A_ev bZzb cÖR‡b¥i †Kv‡bv evOvwj fwel¨‡Z †Kv‡bvw`b AK…ZÁ evOvwj
wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ bv nq| bZzb cÖRb¥ hv‡Z †`‡ki cÖK…Z BwZnvm I †mB m‡½ mswkøó
gnvb e¨w³e‡M©i Ave`vi cwic~Y©fv‡e ü`q½g K‡i Zvi m‡½ Rxe‡bi Aw¯ÍZ¡ I
a¨vbaviYv‡K Rwo‡q mwVK c‡_ cv †dj‡Z cv‡ib †mB D‡Ïk¨ wb‡q GB msMVbwU MwVZ
nq| msMVbwUi D`vË AvnŸvb wQj Ôgyw³hy‡×i †PZbvq be cÖRb¥ M‡o Zzjyb|Õ msMVbwU
Jagannath University Journal of Arts 99
A‡bK¸‡jv KvR K‡i| Gi g‡a¨ gyw³hy× welqK MÖ‡š'i cÖ`k©bx Ab¨Zg| knx` Rbbx
Rvnvbviv Bgvg GB cÖ`k©bxi D‡Øvab K‡ib| Zuv‡K msMV‡bi c¶ †_‡K m¤§vbbv cÖ`vb
Kiv nq| GB msMVbwU 1993 mv‡ji 14-21 AvM÷ Ôgyw³hy×wfwËK wPÎKjvi cÖ`k©bxÕi
Av‡qvRb K‡i| GB iKg cÖ`k©bxI G‡`‡k Av‡M KL‡bv nqwb| wPÎKjvi cÖ`k©bxi
cÖ¯Íve †`b msMV‡bi Ab¨Zg cÖwZôvZv Aa¨vcK gybZvmxi gvgyb| cÖ`k©bx m¤ú‡K©
msMV‡bi mfvcwZ iweDj ûmvBb wj‡Lb,
Õ71 Gi hvÎx evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³‡hv×v‡`i Øviv MwVZ GKwU msMVb| Gi D‡`¨v‡M
Av‡qvwRZ n‡”Q gyw³hy×wfwËK GB wPÎ cÖ`k©bx| eZ©gv‡bi gyw³hy× we‡ivax D‡ëv
† ªv‡Z evsjv‡`‡ki g~j I †gŠj Aw¯ÍZ¡‡K cÖengvb ivLvi D‡Ï‡k¨ †`‡ki cÖw_Zhkv
wkíx‡`i g~j¨evb wkíKg© GB cÖ`k©bxi cÖavb ªóe¨ welq| m¤¢eZ GB ai‡bi
gyw³hy×wfwËK wPÎKjv hvi AwaKvsk †¯‹P Ges WªBs- †`‡k cÖ_gev‡ii g‡Zv
AbywôZ n‡”Q|...11
gyw³hy×wfwËK Mvb¸‡jv‡K e¨vÛ msMx‡Zi gva¨‡g cwi‡ek‡bi cÖ¯Íve K‡ib Aa¨vcK
gybZvmxi gvgyb| Gici †i‡bmuv e¨v‡Ûi bKxe Lv‡bi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM K‡ib msMV‡bi
†bZ…e„›`| bKxe Lvb Zv‡`i cÖ¯Ív‡e ivRx nb Ges gyw³hy‡×i Mvb wb‡q †i‡bmuv GKwU
wmwW †ei K‡i| gyw³hy×wfwËK Mvb¸‡jv ZLb RbwcÖqZv AR©b K‡iwQj| gyw³hy‡×i cÖvq
jyß †PZbv‡K mvaviY gvby‡li g‡a¨ RvMwiZ Ki‡Z GB msMVb Ae`vb iv‡L|
e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingvb ¯§…wZ Rv yNi (1994)
gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv weKv‡k e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingvb ¯§…wZ Rv`yNi ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb
K‡i| GB Rv`yNi evOvwji gyw³msMÖv‡gi HwZn¨en| avbgwÛi 32 b¤^‡ii evwo‡Z GB
Rv yNi cÖwZwôZ| e½eÜz †kL gywRei ingvb Zuvi ivR‰bwZK Rxe‡bi GK ¸iæZ¡c~Y©
Ask avbgwÛ 32 b¤^‡ii evwo‡Z AwZevwnZ K‡ib| 1961 mv‡ji 1 A‡±vei †_‡K
e½eÜz G evmvq mcwiev‡i emevm ïiæ K‡ib| avbgwÛi G evwowU `„k¨Z e½eÜzi Avevm
¯'j Z‡e eZ©gv‡b ¯§„wZ Rv`yNi| ¯^vaxbZv jv‡fi ci e½eÜy hLb ¯^vaxb †`‡ki ivó«cwZ
ZLbI wZwb GB evwowU †_‡K ivó«xq KvRKg© cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z _v‡Kb| GB evwo †_‡K
AmsL¨evi cvwK¯Ívwb ˆmb¨iv Zv‡K †MÖßvi K‡i wb‡q hvq| me©‡k‡l †MÖßvi K‡iwQj Õ71
Gi 25 gvP© iv‡Z| 1975 mv‡ji 15 AvM÷ e½eÜz‡K mcwiev‡i GB evwo‡ZB nZ¨v
Kiv nq|
1981 mv‡j e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv †`‡k wdi‡j Zuvi Kv‡Q GB evwowU
n¯ÍvšÍi Kiv nq| 1994 mv‡ji 14 AvM÷ e½eÜzi eo Kb¨v †kL nvwmbv e½eÜz ¯§„wZ
Rv yNi D‡Øvab K‡ib| Rv`yNiwU ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ GKwU we‡klÁ KwgwU cÖvq GKeQi
a‡i cwikªg K‡i GwU‡K mdj K‡ib| we‡klÁ KwgwU‡Z wQ‡jb Aa¨vcK mvjvnDÏxb
Avng` (mfvcwZ), A¨vW‡fv‡KU MvRxDj nK, wkíx nv‡kg Lvb, Aa¨vcK gybZvmxi
gvgyb, ¯'cwZ iweDj ûmvBb cÖgyL| `xN© 21 eQi ¶gZvi evB‡i _vKvi ci 1996
mv‡ji 12 Ry‡bi wbe©vP‡b evsjv‡`k AvIqvgx jxM miKvi MVb K‡i| miKvi MV‡bi
ci cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv 1997 mv‡j GB evwowU‡K Rv`yN‡i iƒcvšÍ‡ii Rb¨ e½eÜy
100 evsjv‡`‡k gvbeZvwe‡ivax Aciva wePvi Av‡›`vj‡b cÖ‡Yv`bv : mvwnZ¨-ms¯‹…wZi Dcv`vb
†g‡gvwiqvj Uªv‡÷i Kv‡Q n¯ÍvšÍi K‡ib| e½eÜy †g‡gvwiqvj Uªv÷ evwowU‡K Rv`yN‡i
iƒcvšÍwiZ K‡i Ôe½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingvb ¯§…wZ Rv yNiÕ bv‡g| GB Rv yNiwU cwi`k©‡bi
gva¨‡g `k©bv_©xiv evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy‡×i m~ÎcvZ Ges gyw³hy‡× e½eÜzi f~wgKv m¤ú‡K©
Rvb‡Z cvi‡e| gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv weKvk I hy×vcivax wePvi Av‡›`vj‡b GB Rv`yNi
¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i|
gyw³hy× Rv`yNi (1996)
1996 mv‡ji 22 gvP© XvKvi †m¸bevwMPvq GKwU cy‡iv‡bv wØZj evwo‡Z cÖwZwôZ nq
gyw³hy× Rv`yNi| gyw³hy× Rv yN‡ii cÖavb j¶¨ bZzb cÖRb¥‡K gyw³hy‡×i BwZnv‡mi
mv‡_ cwiwPZ Kiv‡bv| evsjv‡`‡ki †MŠiegq gyw³hy× msµvšÍ wb`k©b I ¯§viKwPýmg~n
msMÖn, msi¶Y I cÖ`k©‡bi ¯'vb n‡”Q gyw³hy× Rv yNi| gyw³hy× Rv yN‡ii cÖv_wgK
D‡Ïk¨, BwZnv‡mi ¯§viK msMÖn I msi¶Y K‡i Zv h_vh_fv‡e Dc¯'vcb Kiv| Gi
we‡kl j¶¨ bZyb cÖRb¥‡K ¯^vaxbZvi BwZnvm wel‡q m‡PZb K‡i †Zvjv| ZiæY
cÖRb¥‡K gvZ…f~wgi cÖwZ Me© I †`kvZ¥‡ev‡a DÏxß Ges D`vi Amv¤úª`vwqK MYZvwš¿K
g~j¨‡ev‡a wek^vmx Kivi Rb¨ gyw³hy× Rv yNi cÖwZwôZ nq| gyw³hy× Rv yN‡ii cÖv_wgK
D‡`¨vM MÖnY m¤ú‡K© Wvt mv‡ivqvi Avjx e‡jb,
1995-Gi ïiæi w`‡K Av°zi evmvq GK mܨvq gyw³hy× wb‡q †Kv‡bv ¯'vqx D‡`¨vM
MÖn‡Yi wel‡q Av‡jvPbv nq| bvbv cÖ¯Íve I‡V Av‡m| AvKw¯§Kfv‡e Avwg cÖ¯Íve
Kwi, gyw³hy‡×i Ici GKwU Rv yNi Kiv hvq bv? mevB Drmv‡ni m‡½ cÖ¯ÍvewU
jy‡d †bq| Avgiv gyw³hy× Rv yNi Movi Kv‡R bvgjvg|... gyw³hy× Rv yN‡ii
†gŠwjK aviYv ev Kb‡mÞwU w¯'i Kiv nq| Avgiv cÖ_g †_‡KB wm×všÍ MÖnY Kwi
†h, GwU cÖPwjZ avivi Rv yNi n‡e bv, hviv Rv yNi cwi`k©‡b Avm‡e, gyw³hy‡×i
NUbvewji m‡½ cwiwPZ nIqvi cvkvcvwk Zviv †hb gyw³hy‡×i fvev`‡k©i gg©v_©
Dcjwä‡Z m¶g nq|12
D‡Øvabx Abyôv‡b ¯^vMZ fvl‡Y Wvt mv‡ivqvi Avjx e‡jb,
GKwU wZbZjv fe‡bi g‡a¨ evOvwji msMÖv‡gi we‡kl K‡i mk¯¿ gyw³hy‡×i
mKj NUbv I mvgMÖx Zz‡j aiv m¤¢e bq| nq‡Zv ZvB| ZvQvov 25 eQ‡i
nvwi‡q †M‡Q gyw³hy‡×i A‡bK ¯§„wZ, weK…Z n‡q‡Q A‡bK BwZnvm, ZeyI
†Zv ¯vaxbZvi iRZRqšÍx‡Z evsjv‡`‡k GKwU gyw³hy× Rv`yNi n‡jv|13
Rv yN‡ii cÖ`k©bx‡Z 1971 mv‡ji Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vjb I 7 gv‡P©i fvlY, MYnZ¨v,
e½eÜyi ¯^vaxbZvi †NvlYv, cÖ_g cÖwZ‡iva, DØv¯` mgm¨v, gywRebMi miKv‡ii cÖwZôv,
†m±i wefvRb I msMwVZ mvgwiK cÖwZ‡iva, Rbhy×, gyw³hy×Kvjxb miKv‡ii Kg©KvÐ,
†m±i I weª‡MW KgvÛvi‡`i Aax‡b mk¯¿ hy×, †bŠKgv‡Ûv, wegvb evwnbx‡Z wegvb‡hv×v,
¯^vaxb evsjv †eZvi, MYgva¨g, mvgwiK cÖwk¶Y I wkwei, gy³ GjvKv, AvšÍR©vwZK
msnwZ, †`kxq `vjvj‡`i f~wgKv, ivRvKvievwnbx, kvwšÍKwgwU I Avje`i evwnbx,
e½eÜyi cÖnm‡bi wePvi, †`‡ki Af¨šÍ‡i cÖwZ‡iva, bvix‡`i f~wgKv, bvix wbh©vZb, †hŠ_
evwnbx MVb I wW‡m¤^‡ii P~WvšÍ jovB, wgÎevwnbxi fviZxq m`m¨‡`i AvZ¥`vb,
Jagannath University Journal of Arts 101
eyw×Rxex nZ¨v I weRq Ges BwZnv‡mi g~javivi cvkvcvwk e¨w³gvby‡li Rxeb I
AvZ¥`v‡bi cwiPq †g‡j aiv n‡e we‡kl ¸iæZ¡ mnKv‡i| gyw³hy‡×i †MŠiegq BwZnvm
m¤ú‡K© †`‡ki gvbyl‡K m‡PZb Ki‡Z Rv yNi bvbv ai‡bi Kg©KvÐ cwiPvjbv K‡i
_v‡K|
weRq‡KZb gyw³hy× Rv`yNi (2000)
evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡gi HwZnvwmK †cÖ¶vcU, gyw³hy‡×i BwZnvm, mk¯¿ hy‡×i
mwVK weeiY Ges exi gyw³‡hv×v‡`i exiZ¡Mv_vi Z_¨ msMÖn I msi¶‡Yi D‡Ï‡k¨
ÔweRq‡KZb gyw³hy× Rv`yNiÕ GKwU D‡jøL‡hvM¨ f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| evsjv‡`k
†mbvevwnbx 1974 mv‡j gyw³hy×wfwËK Rv`yNi cÖwZôvi D‡`¨vM †bq| 1996 mv‡ji 6
RyjvB Gi wfwË ¯'vcb K‡ib ZrKvjxb †mbvcÖavb †Rbv‡ij gy¯ÍvwdRyi ingvb; Ges
Rv yNiwU c~Y©v½Zv jvf K‡i e½eÜy Kb¨v †kL nvwmbvi nv‡Z, 2000 mv‡ji 21
b‡f¤i| GLv‡b gyw³hy‡× e¨eüZ A¯¿, Kvgvb I †Mvjveviæ` wewfbœ Drm †_‡K msMÖn
Kiv nq|
HwZnvwmK AvMiZjv gvgjv PjvKv‡j RvwZi RbK e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingvb‡K
XvKv †mbvwbev‡mi †h fe‡b AšÍixY ivLv n‡qwQj, Zvi AbwZ`~‡iB ZrKvjxb wmMb¨vj
Awdmvi †g‡mi GKwU K¶‡K wePvivj‡q iƒcvšÍi K‡i †mLv‡b AbywôZ n‡qwQj
AvMiZjv gvgjvi wePviKvR| cieZ©xKv‡j Gi cy‡ivUv‡ZB evsjv‡`k †mbvevwnbxi
D‡`¨v‡M M‡o †Zvjv nq 'AvMiZjv gvgjvi ¯§…wZweRwoZ e½eÜy Rv yNi'| 1968 mv‡j
`v‡qi Kiv gvgjvq hvi bvg wQj 'ivó« ebvg †kL gywReyi ingvb I Ab¨vb¨', Awfhy³
Avmvwg 35 R‡bi ¯§…wZweRwoZ †mB HwZnvwmK K¶wU GL‡bv GKwU RxešÍ BwZnvm, hv
gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv weKv‡k we‡kl f~wgKv cvjb K‡i|
knx` Rbbx Rvnvbviv Bgvg ¯§„wZ Rv`yNi (2007)
gvbeZvwe‡ivax Acivax wePvi Av‡›`vj‡bi cy‡ivav knx` Rbbx Rvnvbviv Bgv‡gi ¯§„wZi
D‡Ï‡k¨ Ges Zuvi Av‡›`vjb‡K mvaviY gvby‡li g‡a¨ Qwo‡q †`qvi Rb¨ 2007 mv‡j
XvKvi Gwjd¨v›U †iv‡W Zuvi evwo‡Z Ôknx` Rbbx Rvnvbviv Bgvg ¯§„wZ Rv yNiÕ cÖwZôv
Kiv n‡q‡Q| GB Rv`yN‡ii j¶¨ I D‡Ïk¨ gyw³hy‡× Bgvg cwiev‡ii AvZ¥Z¨vM Ges
GKvˇii hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii `vwe‡Z Rvnvbvi Bgvg beŸB‡qi `k‡K †h Av‡›`vjb
M‡o †Zv‡jb Zv cÖRb¥ †_‡K cÖRb¥všÍ‡i Zy‡j aiv| GB Rv`yN‡i wbg©~j KwgwU I mgš^q
KwgwU MVb Ges Av‡›`vj‡bi wewfbœ w 'i wPÎ I msev` msiw¶Z Av‡Q| Rvnvbviv Bgvg
I hy×vcivax wePvi Av‡›`vjb m¤ú‡K© GB Rv`yN‡i ch©vß Z_¨ cvIqv hvq| GB Rv`yNiwU
hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi Rb¨ Pjgvb Av‡›`vj‡b wewfbœ Z_¨ cwi‡ek‡bi gva¨‡g ¸iæZ¡c~Y©
f~wgKv cvjb K‡i|
gyw³hy‡×i weRq †gjv (1989)
gyw³hy‡×i weRq †gjv gvbeZvwe‡ivax Acivax wePvi Av‡›`vj‡b GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv
cvjb K‡i| GB weRq †gjvwU PÆMÖv‡g ïiæ n‡q Kvjµ‡g mviv evsjv‡`‡k Qwo‡q c‡o|
102 evsjv‡`‡k gvbeZvwe‡ivax Aciva wePvi Av‡›`vj‡b cÖ‡Yv`bv : mvwnZ¨-ms¯‹…wZi Dcv`vb
†`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i BwZnvm‡K wPi RvMÖZ Kivi j‡¶¨ 1989 mvj †_‡K PÆMÖv‡gi
exi gyw³‡hv×v, gyw³hy‡×i c‡¶i ivRbxwZK, mvs¯‹…wZKg©x, eyw×Rxex, †ckvRxexmn
me©¯Í‡ii gyw³Kvgx RbZvi mn‡hvwMZvq weRq †gjvi ïiæ nq| GB weRq †gjv µgvš^‡q
Qwo‡q c‡o mviv evsjv‡`‡k| gyw³hy× m¤ú‡K© ZiæY cÖR‡b¥i A‡b‡Ki g‡a¨B ¯^”Q
†Kv‡bv aviYv †bB| †`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i BwZnvm‡K wPi RvMÖZ ivLvi j‡¶¨,
gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv‡K mgybœZ ivLvi ¯^v‡_©, ¯^vaxbZv hy‡× knx`‡`i ¯§iY, ¯^vaxb
evsjv‡`‡ki gvbyl‡K weR‡qi †MŠi‡e AbycÖvwYZ Kiv Ges hy×Rqx RvwZ wn‡m‡e mevi
g‡a¨ †MŠie‡eva I AvZ¥wek¦vm m„wó, gyw³hy‡×i †PZbvq mKj‡K RvZxq H‡K¨ DØy× Kiv
Ges MYgvby‡li gyw³i D‡Ïk¨‡K mvg‡b †i‡L cÖwZ eQi PÆMÖv‡g weRq †gjvi Av‡qvRb
Kiv n‡q _v‡K|
1989 mvj †_‡K GB †gjvi ïiæ nq| 11 wW‡m¤^i †_‡K 16 wW‡m¤^i ch©šÍ 6
w`be¨vcx GB †gjvi Av‡qvRb Kiv nq PÆMÖvg mvwK©U nvDR gq`v‡b| 1991 mvj †_‡K
G †gjv‡K AwaKZi gyw³hy‡×i †PZbvgyLx Kivi j‡¶¨ weRq †gjvi Av‡M Ôgyw³hy‡×iÕ
K_vwU mwbœ‡ewkZ K‡i GB †gjvi bvgKiY Kiv nq Ôgyw³hy‡×i weRq †gjvÕ Ges †køvMvb
wba©viY Kiv nq Ôgyw³hy‡×i weRq exi evOvwji AnsKvi|Õ Gici avivevwnKfv‡e GB
†gjvi Av‡qvRb Kiv n‡Z _v‡K| 1989 mv‡j †gjv ïiæ †_‡K 1992 mvj ch©šÍ weRq
g wQj mvwK©U nvDm gv‡V| 1993 mv‡j weRq g P‡j Av‡m †÷wWqvg PZ¡‡i| Gici
2002 mv‡j wmAviwe †gv‡o A¯'vqx Ges 2003 mvj †_‡K 2006 mvj ch©šÍ weRq gÂ
Kiv nq jvj`xwN gv‡V| Gici 2007 mv‡j †K›`ªxq knx` wgbv‡i wbg©vY Kiv nq A¯'vqx
weRq gÂ| 2008 mv‡j jvj`xwN gv‡V Ges 2009 mv‡j weRq g P‡j Av‡m Gg G
AvwRR †÷wWqv‡gi wRg‡bwmqvg PZ¡‡i|
GB †gjvi GKwU ˆewkó¨ n‡”Q cÖwZ eQi weRq †gjv D‡Øva‡bi ci weRq gÂ
n‡Z GKwU w`K wb‡`©kbvg~jK Ges gyw³‡hv×v‡`i AvZ¥Z¨v‡Mi K_v ¯§iY K‡i
fwel¨‡Zi Rb¨ wKQz A½xKvi K‡i GKwU †NvlYvcÎ cvV Kiv nq| GB †NvlYvcÎ LyeB
¸iæZ¡c~Y©| 1996 mv‡j †NvlYvcÎ cvV K‡ib cwil‡`i cÖv³b gnvmwPe Aveyj nv‡mg|
†NvlYvc‡Î ejv nq,
AvR‡Ki GB HwZnvwmK g‡Â uvwo‡q mg¯Í mvnm‡K cyÃxf~Z K‡i ejwQ ag©vÜ
mv¤cÖ`vwqKZv‡K iæ‡L †`‡ev gyw³hy‡×i †kŠ‡h© mvn‡m I ewjôZvq| Avgiv
AKz‡Zvf‡q cÖgvY K‡i w`‡Z PvB GKvˇi evOvwj RvwZ †h gnvb †PZbvq DØy×
n‡q gnr Afxó‡K mvg‡b †i‡L AvšÍR©vwZK civkw³ cyô cvwK¯Ívwb ee©i‡`i
weiæ‡× mk¯¿ n‡qwQj| mKj loh‡š¿i Rvj wQbœ-wew”Qbœ K‡i GB cweÎ gvZ„f~wg
†_‡K nv‡qbv‡`i weZvwoZ K‡iwQj, †mB cÖvYwcÖq ¯vaxbZvi weRq‡K Avgiv mg Í
mËvi mv‡_ myi¶v Ki‡ev|14
weRq †gjv cwil` weRq †gjv‡K Dcj¶ K‡i 1989 mv‡j ˆ`wbK AvRv`x -Gi
†mŠR‡b¨ cÖ_g cÖPvicÎ †ei K‡i| GQvov 1996 mv‡j 140wUiI †ewk gyw³hy‡×i `yj©f
QwewfwËK A¨vjevg cÖKvk, †gjvi 10 w`‡bi 10wU ey‡jwUb cÖKvk D‡jøL‡hvM¨| GQvovI
cÖwZ eQi †gjv Dcj‡¶ Ôgyw³hy‡×i weRqÕ bv‡g ¯§iwYKv cÖKvk Kiv nq hv‡Z gyw³hy×
Jagannath University Journal of Arts 103
welqK wewfbœ wbeÜ-cÖeÜ, WKz‡g›U-Av‡jvK wPÎ ¯'vb cvq|15
GB ¯§iwYKv cÖKv‡ki
gva¨‡g BwZnvm msi¶‡Yi cvkvcvwk bZzb cÖR‡b¥i mvg‡b mwVK BwZnvm Zz‡j aivi
cÖqvm j¶ Kiv hvq| 1998 mv‡j ¯§iwYKvi m¤úv`K †mŠ‡ib wek¦vm e‡jb,
jv‡Lv knx‡`i i‡³ †fRv cZvKv‡K hLb wnsmª kKzb Lvg‡P a‡i‡Q, evOvwj hLb
Avevi I‡V uvovq, cÖwZev` K‡i ïiæ K‡i bZzb msMÖvg bZzb hy×| nvwi‡q hvIqv
weRq‡K wdwi‡q Avbvi †h wbišÍb cÖ‡Póv ZviB GKwU gyw³hy‡×i weRq †gjv|16
2010 mv‡ji ¯§iwYKvq evYx‡Z cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv e‡jb,
2021 mv‡j evsjv‡`‡k ¯^vaxbZvi myeY©RqšÍx D`hvwcZ n‡e| GB myeY©RšÍx‡K
mvg‡b †i‡L Avmyb `jgZ †kªYx †ckv I ag©, eY© wbwe©‡k‡l HK¨e× n‡q GKwU
myLx, my›`i I mg„× evsjv‡`k Movi j‡¶¨ KvR Kwi| Ggwb ivóª KvVv‡gv wbg©vY
Kwi †hLv‡b _vK‡e cÖwZwU bvMwi‡Ki DbœZ Rxe‡bi wbðqZv|17
PÆMÖv‡g weRq †gjv ïiæ n‡jI Kvjµ‡g Zv mviv evsjv‡`‡k Qwo‡q c‡o| Rvnvbviv
Bgv‡gi g„Zz¨i ci hy×vcivax wePvi Av‡›`vjb hLb wKQyUv w¯ÍwgZ n‡q c‡o ZLb GB
†gjvi gva¨‡g gyw³hy‡×i BwZnvm I Av`k© gvby‡li Kv‡Q †cuŠ‡Q †`qvi e¨e¯'v Kiv nq|
gyw³hy× †gjv (1998)
Av‡›`vj‡bi avivevwnKZvq gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv I Av`k© we¯Ívi Ges hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii
`vwe‡Z 1998 mv‡ji 27 gvP© XvKvq wkï GKv‡Wwg cÖv½‡Y 7 w`be¨vcx gyw³hy× †gjv
ïiæ nq| ZrKvjxb cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv †gjvi D‡Øvab K‡ib| GB †gjvi cÖ`k©bxi
gva¨‡g ZiæY cÖR‡b¥i g‡a¨ gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv we Ív‡ii Ges hy×vcivax‡`i m¤ú‡K©
Zv‡`i m‡PZb Kivi †Póv Kiv nq| †gjv Dcj‡¶ Rvnvbviv Bgvg ¯§i‡Y ÔRqZy
Rvnvbviv BgvgÕ bv‡g GKwU ¯§iwYKv cÖKvwkZ nq| GB ¯§iwYKvi f~wgKv‡Z ejv nq,
¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki Afz¨`‡qi ci †_‡KB c‡iv¶ ev cÖZ¨¶fv‡e GKvˇii
civwRZ kw³ gymwjg jxM, Rvgv‡Z Bmjvgx I Ab¨vb¨ hy×vcivax‡`i †h cybe©vmb
I cybiæÐv‡bi aviv m„wó n‡qwQj Rvnvbviv Bgv‡gi †bZ…‡Z¡ cwiPvwjZ GKvˇii
NvZK `vjvj wbg©~j Av‡›`vjb †mB aviv‡K cÖwZnZ K‡i eB‡q w`‡q‡Q RbN„Yvi
b ©gvq| GKvˇii NvZK‡`i cybiæÐvb, Zv‡`i bviKxq Djøvm Ges ivRbxwZi
A½‡b m`¤¢ c`PviYv gyw³hy‡×i †MŠiegq †PZbv‡K w¤ªqgvb K‡iwQj| RvnvbvivB
Bgvg †mB †PZbv‡K cybivq cÖfvZ m~‡h©i g‡Zv `xc¨gvb K‡i‡Qb|...18
GB †gjv Av‡qvR‡bi gva¨‡g mvaviY gvby‡li g‡a¨ gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv weKv‡ki gva¨‡g
gvbeZvwe‡ivax‡`i cÖwZ N„Yv RvMwiZ Kivi e¨e¯'v Kiv nq|
mw¤§wjZ bvixmgv‡Ri f~wgKv
gvbeZvwe‡ivax Aicvax‡`i wePv‡ii Rb¨ mvgvwRK, mvs¯‹…wZK I ivR‰bwZK msMV‡bi
cvkvcvwk bvix msMVb¸‡jvI ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| 1996 mv‡ji 2 gvP©
mw¤§wjZ bvix mgvR hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi Ges †gŠjev` I mv¤úª`vwqKZvi weiæ‡× RbgZ
MV‡bi Rb¨ GK mgv‡e‡ki Av‡qvRb K‡i| mgv‡e‡k ¯^vaxbZv we‡ivax Pµ I ag©
104 evsjv‡`‡k gvbeZvwe‡ivax Aciva wePvi Av‡›`vj‡b cÖ‡Yv`bv : mvwnZ¨-ms¯‹…wZi Dcv`vb
e¨emvqx‡`i weiæ‡× Av‡›`vjb M‡o †Zvjvi AvnŸvb Rvbv‡bv nq| A¨vW‡fv‡KU myjZvbv
Kvgv‡ji mfvcwZ‡Z¡ AbywôZ mfvq Ab¨‡`i g‡a¨ e³e¨ iv‡Lb Lywk Kwei, Wvt bvqjv
Lvb, dwi`v AvLZvi, ˆmq`v †Rey‡bœQv nK, jvfjx Bqvmwgb †Rev cÖgyL| 12 Ry‡bi
wbe©vP‡b hy×vcivax‡`i †fvU bv †`qvi Rb¨ mw¤§wjZ bvix mgvR wewfbœ mfv mgv‡e‡ki
gva¨‡g Av‡›`vjb Pvwj‡q hvq| 1996 mv‡ji 3 Ryb †mvgevi we‡K‡j RvZxq †cÖmK¬v‡e
Av‡qvwRZ GK mvsevw`K m‡¤§j‡b mw¤§wjZ bvix mgv‡Ri †bZ…e„›` Avmbœ wbe©vP‡b bvix
wbh©vZbKvix Ges GKvˇii hy×vcivax‡`i cÖZ¨vL¨vb Kivi Rb¨ †`kevmxi cÖwZ AvnŸvb
Rvbvb| m‡¤§j‡b e³e¨ iv‡Lb wmMgv û`v, Lywk Kwei, dwi`v AvLZvi, Wvt jvqjv
Lvb, mxgv `vk, bvZvkv Avng`, †n‡jbv ingvb cÖgyL|19
Zviv mvs¯‹…wZK Av‡›`vj‡bi
gva¨‡g gveZvwe‡ivax‡`i weiæ‡× mvaviY gvbyl‡K GKÎ Ki‡Z KvR K‡ib|
wewfbœ msMVb Ae¨vnZfv‡e †gŠjev`x ZrciZv I hy×vcivax‡`i weiæ‡×
mfvmgv‡e‡ki gva¨‡g Av‡›`vjb Pvwj‡q hvq| 1997 mv‡ji 20 AvM÷ evsjv‡`k gwnjv
cwil` Av‡qvwRZ GK mgv‡e‡k e³viv e‡jb, †`‡k µgk †e‡o hvIqv mv¤cÖ`vwqK
†gŠjev`x ZrciZv I d‡ZvqvevwRi NUbv †`‡ki AwaKvsk Rb‡Mvôx bvixi †gŠwjK
AwaKvi cÖwZôv Kivmn †`‡k MYZš¿ PP©vi †¶‡Î weivU evav m„wó K‡i‡Q| Awej‡¤ GB
Aïf ZrciZv eÜ Kiv `iKvi| GQvovI ag© wb‡q ivRbxwZ Kivi Aïf ZrciZv eÜ
Kivi Rb¨ cÖwZ‡iva M‡o †ZvjviI AvnŸvb Rvbvb| evsjv‡`k gwnjv cwil‡`i mn
mfv‡bÎx dIwRqv †gvm‡j‡gi mfvcwZ‡Z¡ GB Abyôv‡b mv¤cÖ`vwqKZvi weiæ‡× 6 `dv
cÖ¯Íve †ck Kiv nq| cÖ¯Ívevewj‡Z eZ©gvb RbcÖwZwbwaZ¡kxj MYZvwš¿K miKv‡ii Kv‡Q
d‡ZvqvevwR AvBbZ `Ðbxq †NvlYvmn d‡ZvqvevR‡`i †`‡ki cÖPwjZ AvB‡b kvw¯Íi
e¨e 'v Kivi Rb¨ †Rvi `vwe Rvbv‡bv nq| 29 A‡±vei †K›`ªxq knx` wgbv‡i ˆmq`
nvmvb Bgv‡gi mfvcwZ‡Z¡ D`xPx wkíx †Mvôxi 29Zg cÖwZôvevwl©Kx Dcj‡¶ Av‡qvwRZ
Av‡jvPbv mfvq cÖavb AwZw_i fvl‡Y Aa¨vcK Kexi †PŠayix e‡jb, Ôgyw³hy‡×i †PZbv
RvMi‡Y I mv¤cÖ`vwqKZvwe‡ivax Av‡›`vj‡b cÖwZwU ms¯‹…wZKg©xiB `vqe×Zv i‡q‡Q| †m
`vqe×Zv c~i‡Y Avgv‡`i mKj ms¯‹…wZKg©x I msMV‡bi GwM‡q Avmv DwPr|Õ20
cvV¨cy¯Í‡K gyw³hy‡×i BwZnvm weK…wZ †iva
1975 mv‡ji ci †_‡K evsjv‡`‡k BwZnvm weK…wZ I hy×vcivax‡`i cybe©vmb ïiæ nq|
hy×vcivaxiv ZrKvjxb miKvi¸‡jvi c„ô‡cvlKZvq D”Pc‡` Avmxb n‡Z m¶g nq| GB
mg‡q ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i BwZnvm weK…wZi m~Pbv nq| AvIqvgx jxM 1996 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡b
Zv‡`i wbe©vPbx Bk‡Znv‡i gyw³hy‡×i †PZbvi cÖwZ A½xKvi cybe©¨³ K‡iwQj| ZvB †kL
nvwmbvi miKvi ¶gZv MÖn‡Yi ci cvV¨cy¯Í‡K gyw³hy‡×i BwZnvm‡K weK…wZi nvZ †_‡K
D×vi K‡i cÖK…Z BwZnvm iPbvi c`‡¶c †bq| RvZxq wk¶vµg I cvV¨cy¯ÍK †ev‡W©i
cÖKvwkZ cvV¨cy¯ÍKmg~‡n evsjv‡`‡ki mwVK BwZnvm ms‡hvR‡bi Rb¨ cvV¨µg cwigvR©b
I cwiea©‡bi j‡¶¨ miKvi GKwU KwgwU MVb K‡i| XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi BwZnvm
wefv‡Mi cÖv³b Aa¨vcK W: G Gd mvjvn &DÏxb Avng‡`i †bZ…‡Z¡ MwVZ KwgwUi Ab¨vb¨
m`m¨ wQ‡jb XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi ivóªweÁvb wefv‡Mi Aa¨vcK W: Gg †gv¯Ídv †PŠayix,
Jagannath University Journal of Arts 105
BwZnvm wefv‡Mi Aa¨vcK gybZvmxi gvgyb, ivóªweÁvb wefv‡Mi Aa¨vcK W: nviæb-Ai-
iwk`, PÆMÖvg wek¦we`¨vj‡qi BwZnvm wefv‡Mi mn‡hvMx Aa¨vcK ggZvRDÏxb
cv‡Uvqvix Ges M‡elK wRGg MvDm|
2001 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡b AvIqvgx jx‡Mi civRq Ges weGbwc Rvgvqv‡Zi Rq
jv‡fi ci †mB Ae¯'vi cwieZ©b N‡U| ZLb Zviv Avevi bZzb K‡i cvV¨cy¯ÍK ms‡kvab
K‡i| cvV¨ eB‡q gyw³hy‡×i BwZnvm weK…wZ wb‡q me‡P‡q †ewk †jLv‡jwL I Av‡jvPbv
K‡i‡Qb Aa¨vcK gybZvmxi gvgyb I Aa¨vcK ggZvRDÏxb cv‡Uvqvix| Zviv wewfbœ
†kÖwYi cvV¨ eB ch©v‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g GB weK…wZ Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb| Avi BwZnv‡m GB
weK…wZi Kvi‡YB ¯^vaxbZv we‡ivaxiv mgvR I iv‡óª cÖwZwôZ nIqvi my‡hvM jvf K‡i‡Q|
¯^vaxbZv w`em ev weRq w`e‡m gyw³hy‡×i BwZnvm mevi mvg‡b Zz‡j aivi †Póvi
cwie‡Z© Zv weK…Z Kivi †PóvB †ewk †`Lv hvq| G m¤ú‡K© Aa¨vcK cv‡Uvqvix Zuvi
Ôgyw³hy‡×i BwZnvm weK…wZ Ges weK…Z gvbwmK I ivR‰bwZK Acms¯‹…wZÕ cÖe‡Ü D‡jøL
K‡ib,
weR‡qi GB gv‡m gnvb gyw³hy‡× Avgv‡`i eûgyLx AR©‡bi K_vB ïb‡ev GgbwUB
cÖZ¨vwkZ wQj, wKš Avgv‡`i †mB fvM¨ †Zgb GKUv Aewkó †bB| GLb
gyw³hy‡×i weK…Z BwZnvm cvV¨cy¯ÍK, cÖPvi gva¨g, ivR‰bwZK A½b, wk¶v-
mvs¯‹…wZK cÖwZôvbmn GB †`‡ki me©Î G‡ZvUvB cÖej †h, gyw³hy‡×i Avmj
BwZnvm Zv‡Z uvov‡Z cvi‡Q bv|21
cvV¨cy¯Í‡K BwZnvm weK…wZi djvdj I Zv †iva m¤ú‡K© Aa¨vcK cv‡Uvqvix e‡jb,
Avgiv Avkv Ki‡ev 1971 mv‡ji gnvb gyw³hy‡×i knx`‡`i cÖwZ h_vh_ m¤§vb,
†bZ…‡Z¡i cÖwZ kÖ×v Ges Zv‡`i †i‡L hvIqv AveR©bv‡K m¤j K‡i evsjv‡`k‡K
Zvi Avmj BwZnv‡m, BwZnv‡mi g~j avivq wdwi‡q †b‡e| Z‡eB evsjv‡`k weK…Z
BwZnvm I gvbwmKZv †_‡K gy³ GK g~javivi evsjv‡`k‡K Luy‡R cv‡e †hLv‡b
1971 mv‡ji kw³ I mvnm RvwZ‡K HK¨e× Ki‡e, cywÃf~Z mgm¨vi †gvKvwejvq
Suvwc‡q co‡Z Drmvn hywM‡q hv‡e|22
2009 mv‡j AvIqvgx jxM †bZ…Z¡vaxb gnv‡RvU ¶gZvq G‡m cvV¨ eB‡q BwZnvm weK…wZ
†iv‡a wewfbœ c`‡¶c MÖnY K‡i gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv weKv‡k m‡Pó nq|
¯§viK A¨vjevg cÖKvk
hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii `vwei cvkvcvwk 19971 mv‡j gyw³hy‡× †cÖiYv`vbKvix we‡kl
NUbvejx wb‡q Av‡jvPbv I Abyôvb Av‡qvR‡bi gva¨‡g gyw³hy×Kvjxb Ae¯'v Zz‡j aivi
e¨e 'v Kiv nq| 1998 mv‡ji 12 †deªæqvwi evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi 25 eQi c~wZ©
Dcj‡¶ Ges RvwZi RbK e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingv‡bi cÖwZ kª×vi wb`k©b wn‡m‡e
ÔKbmvU© Bb wmgc¨vw_ 1971Õ bv‡g `ywU ¯§viK A¨vjevg cÖKvk Kiv nq| 1971 mv‡j
evsjv‡`‡ki mvnvhv‡_© weª‡U‡b ÔKbmvU© Bb wmgc¨vw_Õ bv‡g †h we‡kl wmwiR KbmvU©
n‡qwQj Zvi aviYK…Z welq wb‡q A¨vjevg `ywU cÖKvwkZ nq| Gi g‡a¨ wQj KÉm½xZ,
hš¿m½xZ, †jvKm½xZ I mgmvgwqK evsjv Mvb| Abyôv‡b Dcw¯'Z wQ‡jb fvi‡Zi mv‡eK
106 evsjv‡`‡k gvbeZvwe‡ivax Aciva wePvi Av‡›`vj‡b cÖ‡Yv`bv : mvwnZ¨-ms¯‹…wZi Dcv`vb
cÖavbgš¿x Bw›`iv MvÜxi Dc‡`óv wc Gb nvKmvi, fvi‡Z wbhy³ evsjv‡`‡ki
nvBKwgkbvi wmGd kwd mvgx, Wt Kvwcbv evrmvqb cÖgyL|23
Gi gva¨‡g `k©K †kªvZv
gyw³hy×Kvjxb Ae¯'vq wd‡i hvb Ges Zv‡`i g‡a¨ †mB †PZbv RvMwiZ Ki‡Z mnvqZv
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RvZxq KweZv cwil`
gvbeZvwe‡ivax Aciva wePvi Av‡›`vj‡b †h KqwU msMVb AskMÖnY K‡i Zvi ga¨
RvZxq KweZv cwil` Ab¨Zg| GB cwil` hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii `vwei cvkvcvwk
ag©wbi‡c¶ Drme wn‡m‡e KweZv Drme‡K cvj‡bi AvnŸvb Rvbvq| 1998 mv‡ji 15
†deªæqvwi RvZxq †cÖm K¬v‡e Av‡qvwRZ GK msev` m‡¤§j‡b RvZxq KweZv cwil‡`i
mfvcwZ Kwe iwdK AvRv` e‡jb, Ôevsjv KweZvi AMÖMwZi Rb¨ RvZxq KweZv Drme
bq- eQ‡ii `ywU w`b‡K evOvwji GKwU Drm‡e cwiYZ Kivi j‡¶¨B RvZxq KweZv
Drme| evOvwji ag©wbi‡c¶ Drme Lye GKUv †ewk †bB| ag©wbf©i Drm‡ei msL¨vB
†ewk| RvZxq KweZv Drme‡K Avgiv RvwZi GKwU ag©wbi‡c¶ Drm‡e cwiYZ Ki‡Z
PvB|Õ m‡¤§j‡b wjwLZ e³e¨ cvV K‡ib Kwe gynv¤§` mvgv` Ges e³e¨ iv‡Lb
gvRnviæj Bmjvg, †ejvj †PŠayix, mgy`ª ¸ß cÖgyL| GB msMVbwU wewfbœ mg‡q Zv‡`i
Abyôvb I wee„wZi gva¨‡g gvbeZvwe‡ivax‡`i weiæ‡× †mv”Pvi f~wgKv cvjb K‡i|
mw¤§wjZ mvs¯‹…wZK †RvU
mw¤§wjZ mvs¯‹…wZK †RvU ïiæ †_‡KB gyw³h‡×i †PZbv weKvk Ges gvbeZvwe‡ivax
Acivax‡`i wePv‡ii `vwe‡Z ivRc‡_ †mv”Pvi †_‡K‡Q| 1998 mv‡ji 9 †deªæqvwi knx`
wgbv‡i mw¤§wjZ mvs¯‹…wZK †Rv‡Ui Av‡qvR‡b ÔGKz‡ki A½xKvi mvs¯‹…wZK AwaKviÕ
kxl©K 11 w`be¨vcx GKz‡ki Abyôvbgvjv D`hvwcZ nq| Abyôvbgvjv D‡Øvab K‡ib
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mfvcwZ‡Z¡ G‡Z Av‡jvPbv K‡ib Kvgvj †jvnvbx, MvRxDj nK, †Mvjvg KzÏyQ cÖgyL|
GKz‡ki †NvlYvc‡Î ejv nq, ÔGKz‡ki †PZbv wQj †`kevmxi mvs¯‹…wZK mËv D‡aŸ© Zz‡j
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GKv‡Wwg, wkï GKv‡Wwg, Pjw”PÎ AvK©vBfmn wewfbœ ms¯‹…wZ-mswkøó msMV‡bi ¯^kvmb
wbwðZKi‡Yi `vwe Rvbv‡bv nq|24
e³viv e‡jb, RbM‡Yi AwaKvi Av`v‡qi msMÖv‡gi
m~ÎcvZ n‡q‡Q evqvbœ‡Z, GKz‡ki †mB i³Siv w`‡b| †mB AwaKvi Av`v‡qi Av‡›`vj‡b
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eyw×Rxexiv| ms¯‹…wZ Kg©x‡`i †mB Av‡›`vjb Av‡Rv †kl nqwb| Av‡Rv ms¯‹…wZi †¶‡Î
mKj cÖKvi KvjvKvbyb evwZ‡ji Rb¨ ms¯‹…wZKg©x‡`i jo‡Z n‡”Q| GKz‡ki knx` wgbvi
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Aïf ivRbxwZi Kv‡Q †`kevmx wRw¤§ n‡q Av‡Q Zv †_‡K †`kevmxi cwiÎvY PvB|Õ25
Jagannath University Journal of Arts 107
mw¤§wjZ mvs¯‹…wZK †RvU wewfbœ Kg©m~wPi gva¨‡g gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv weKv‡ki cvkvcvwk
gvbeZvwe‡ivax‡`i wePv‡ii `vwe‡Z ivRc‡_ †mv”Pvi †_‡K‡Q|
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weij H‡K¨i| c„w_exi Ab¨ †Kv‡bv †`‡ki gyw³ msMÖvg †_‡K G ˆewkó¨ Zv‡K c„_K
K‡iwQj| gyw³hy‡×i Av‡M I c‡i †`‡ki gvbyl wewfbœ ivR‰bwZK `‡j wef³ wQj| wKš`
Zvic‡iI ïaygvÎ hy×vcivax RvgvqvZ I Zv‡`i mn‡hvMx wKQz ag©vÜ `j, e¨w³ I †Mvôx
Qvov †`‡ki me ivR‰bwZK `j I g‡Zi gvbyl ¯^vaxbZvi c‡¶ GK n‡q `uvwo‡qwQ‡jb|
GgbwK gyw³hy‡×i we‡ivwaZvKvix wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ `w¶Ycš'x ivR‰bwZK `j¸‡jvi
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gyw³hy‡× kwiK n‡qwQ‡jb| †mB wn‡m‡e G †`‡ki gvbyl mevB gyw³‡hv×v| 2004 mv‡ji
1 wW‡m¤^i w`bwU‡K †`‡ki wewfbœ †Rjv-Dc‡Rjvq Ôgyw³‡hv×v w`emÕ wn‡m‡e cvjb Kiv
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GB wePv‡ii `vwe‡K RvMwiZ ivL‡Z Ges Av‡›`vj‡b cÖ‡Yv`bv w`‡Z KweZv, Dcb¨vm,
bvUK, Pjw”PÎ, gyw³hy×wfwËK fv¯‹h© I wPÎKjv, weRq †gjv, gyw³hy× †gjv, mvs¯‹…wZK
msMVb, gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv wfwËK Rv`yNimn mvwnZ¨-ms¯‹…wZi wewfbœ Dcv`vb ¸iæZ¡c~Y©
f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| cÖ‡Yv`bv`vbKvix mvwnZ¨-ms¯‹…wZi Dcv`vb¸‡jv †kl ch©šÍ
gvbeZvwe‡ivax Acivax‡`i wePv‡ii `vwe‡K GKwU mdj cwiYwZi w`‡K wb‡q †h‡Z
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bvU¨Kvi, wPÎwkíxmn mvaviY gvbyl ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv iv‡Lb| 1975 mv‡j e½eÜz‡K
mcwiev‡i nZ¨vi ci †`‡k mvgwiK kvmb ïiæ nq| GB mg‡q mvs¯‹…wZK msMVb¸‡jv
Zv‡`i wewfbœ Kg©Kv‡Ði gva¨‡g ¯^vaxbZv we‡ivax‡`i iv‡óªi wewfbœ ch©v‡q cybe©vm‡bi
108 evsjv‡`‡k gvbeZvwe‡ivax Aciva wePvi Av‡›`vj‡b cÖ‡Yv`bv : mvwnZ¨-ms¯‹…wZi Dcv`vb
cÖwZev` K‡i| Ges †kl ch©šÍ 1990 mv‡ji MYAfy¨Ðv‡bi gva¨‡g evsjv‡`‡k Avevi
mvgwiK kvm‡bi cwie‡Z© MYZvwš¿K kvmb e¨e 'v cybtcÖewZ©Z nq| 1971 mvj †_‡K ïiæ
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†¶‡Î mvwnZ¨-ms¯‹…wZi Dcv`vb¸‡jv ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i‡Q| Gi gva¨‡gB
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meLv‡b|
Z_¨m~Î
1. Avwgbyi ingvb myjZvb, evsjv‡`‡ki KweZv I Dcb¨vm gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv, evsjv GKv‡Wwg,
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2. Avn‡g` gvIjv, gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv I evsjv‡`‡ki m„Rbkxj mvwnZ¨, we`¨vcÖKvk, XvKv,
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3. iæ ª gyn¤§` knx`yjøvn, ÔevZv‡m jv‡ki MÜÕ, Avn‡g` gvIjv, gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv I evsjv‡`‡ki
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9. kvnwiqvi Kwei cÖgyL m¤úv., GKvˇii NvZK `vjvjiv †K †Kv_vq, gyw³hy× †PZbv weKvk
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14. Av‡bvqvi Avn‡g`, Ôgyw³hy‡×i ¯'vbxq BwZnvm PP©vq PÆMÖv‡gi gyw³hy‡×i weRq †gjvÕ, ¯’vbxq
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