European Wood Energy Markets
Bengt Hillring
SLU
Uppsala, Sweden
Biomass resources in Europe
• Forests
• Agriculture land
• Populated areas-recycled products
• Study:– Alakangas, E., Hillring, B. & Nikolaisen, L.B. TRADE OF SOLID BIOFUELS,
AND FUEL PRICES IN EUROPE. 12th European Conference and Technology Exhibition on Biomass for Energy, Industry and Climate Protection. Amsterdam: RAI International Exhibition and Congress Centre, June 2002. Proceedings, in print.
Available bioenergy resources
• 4,500 PJ/year (20 European countries)
• 1,800 PJ/year (use)
• 50 PJ/year (trade)
F O R E S T R E S ID U E S
IN D U S T R IA L B Y-P R O D U C T S
(sa w d u st, b a rk , ch ip s)
D O M E S T IC F IR E W O O D
W O O D W A S T E S
R E F IN E D W O O D F U E L S
(p e lle ts , b riq u e tte s)
P E AT
O T H E R (S R C , stra w )
POLAND GERMANY
HOLLAND
BELGIUM
FRANCE
ROMANIA
BULGARIA
UKRAINE
BELO-
RUSSIA
LITHUANIA
SPAIN
PORTUGAL
NORWAY
SW EDEN
FINLAND
KINGDOM
IRELAND
AUSTRIA
SW ITZERLAND
ALBANIA
MOLDOVA
RUSSIA
CZECH. REP.
SLOVAK REP.
SLOVENIA
CROATIA
BOSNIA - HERCEGO VIN A
ITALY
YUGOSLAVIA
HUNGARY
RUSSIA
LATVIA
ESTONIA
DENMARK
UNITED
LUX.
GREECE
MO NTENEG RO
NORTHERN AFRICA
JAPAN, TURKEY, HONG KONG,ARAB EMIRATES
BIOMASS TRADE IN EUROPEBIOMASS TRADE IN EUROPE
CANADA
CANADA
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
1995 1999 2000 2001EUR/GJ
Finland
• Use 127 PJ wood fuel
• Demand 100 heating plants and CHP
• 500 MWe
• Forest products industry
• Imports (round wood etc.)
• Exports wood pellets
Denmark
• Use 35 PJ wood fuel
• Importer of both wood chips and pellets
• Agricultural land - straw
Sweden
• Use 170 PJ wood fuel
• Commercial market
• Round wood (pulp wood) to energy
• Imports 25% to the district heating sector
• Pellet producer (700,000 tonnes/year)
• Export projects just started
Conclusions
• Demand for wood fuel– Political decisions
– Production cost
• Trade will continue– Availability to biofuels will differ between regions
– Goals like the Kyoto agreement
– Standardisation will make it more easy
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