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Eradicate poverty and hunger Achieve universal primary education
Reduce child mortality
Promote gender equality and
empower women
Improve maternal health
Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases
Ensure environmental sustainability
Develop a global partnership for development
Science City of Munoz
City of San Jose Del Monte
Antipolo City
Marikina City
Muntinlupa City
Tagaytay City
Sorsogon City
Calbayog City
Mandaue City
Island Garden City of Samal
Iligan City
Butuan City
Pasay City
Naga City
14 MDG Localization
Resource Cities
It is a roadmap for business community to It is a roadmap for business community to adopt in order to achieve the adopt in order to achieve the MDGsMDGs..
They presented 4 Major areas of focus where business establishments should heavily invest socially.
The Philippine Business Sector presented The Philippine Business Sector presented a milestone contribution for the a milestone contribution for the attainment of attainment of MDGsMDGs thru their squarethru their square--table discussion held on April, May and table discussion held on April, May and June 2004. They called it, June 2004. They called it, ““Responding to Responding to the Millennium Challenge: a roadmap for the Millennium Challenge: a roadmap for Philippine business.Philippine business.””
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Philippine Business Response to the Philippine Business Response to the Millennium Development Goals (MDG)Millennium Development Goals (MDG)
Pursue Projects/Initiatives on 4 major areas of focusPursue Projects/Initiatives on 4 major areas of focus
(square(square--table discussion on Phil MDG accomplishments)table discussion on Phil MDG accomplishments)
MDG 2: Achieve Universal Access to Primary MDG 2: Achieve Universal Access to Primary EducEducMDG 3: Promote Gender EqualityMDG 3: Promote Gender Equality
EducationEducation
MDG 7: Ensure Environmental SustainabilityMDG 7: Ensure Environmental SustainabilityMDG 8: Global Partnership for DevelopmentMDG 8: Global Partnership for Development
EnvironmentEnvironment
MDG 4: Reduce Child MortalityMDG 4: Reduce Child MortalityMDG 5: Improve Maternal HealthMDG 5: Improve Maternal HealthMDG 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria, TB & othersMDG 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria, TB & others
HealthHealth
MDG 1: Eradicate Extreme Poverty and HungerMDG 1: Eradicate Extreme Poverty and HungerPovertyPovertyMillennium Development Goals (Millennium Development Goals (MDGsMDGs))FocusFocus
Pasay Government’s Response to MDG Localization
Establish local benchmarks on each MDG target and integrate MDG into City Development PlansAdopt Policies and Programs to facilitate the achievement of MDGsRealign existing programs, projects and activities toward achievement of MDGsIncrease budgetary allocation for MDG-related social servicesReplicate MDG-responsive good practices
CBMS gauges the living condition of each household in every barangay (100% Hhsaturation)In CBMS, “Whatever gets measured gets done”
To achieve our MDG targets on a per Barangaybasis, we now use
Community-Based Monitoring System
(CBMS)
CBMS OutputCBMS Output
CBMS Result(MDG-based Indicators)
or BarangayParticipatory
Poverty Mapping (BPPM)
Digitized Bgy Spot Map
disaggregated information (knowledge bank) on bgywelfare status
IndicatorIndicator--based maps to facilitate based maps to facilitate prioritization of prioritization of barangaysbarangays, , purokspuroks, , households and individualshouseholds and individuals
Community validated BPPM data
Community suggested interventions
List of LGU existing programs arranged according to development indicators
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NeedNeed--Solution Quick Matching ApproachSolution Quick Matching Approach
CBMS Result(MDG-based Indicators)BarangayPriority
Needs and Concerns
Policy / Advocacy
Creation
Facilitation
Enhancement
Preservation (Peace & Order)
Fact-Based Intervention
(FBI) ExchangeSanggunianPanlunsod
Innovative Program/ Project Design
Matching and Prioritized Delivery of
Services
Capability Building
Maintain Harmony in the community
Solution Providers (Public/Private/Partnership)
Objectives of FactObjectives of Fact--Based Intervention Based Intervention Exchange (FBI Ex)Exchange (FBI Ex)
To immediately match the identified needs from CBMS result to the list of solution providers based on the development indicatorsTo provide the decision makers factual information on needs versus solution-programs/ projects from Resource Providers (LGU or Private) for FAST ACTION and RELIEF OPERATION
CBMS Result(MDG-based Indicators)
or BarangayParticipatory
Poverty Mapping (BPPM)
Policy / Advocacy
CreationFacilitation
EnhancementPreservation
(Peace & Order)
Fact-Based Intervention (FBI)
Exchange Sanggunian Panlunsod
Innovative Program/ Project Design
Matching and Prioritized Delivery of Services
Capability Building
Maintain Harmony in the community
Resource Providers (Public/Private/Partnership)
DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSIS
PRESCRIPTION
PRESCRIPTION
FBI Ex OutputFBI Ex OutputList of Socio-economic programs
implemented by the Private Sector
Indicator-based policy recommendations to the Sanggunian
Priority List of needPriority List of need--solution quick solution quick matching recommendations to matching recommendations to Concerned LGU Department and/or Concerned LGU Department and/or Private SectorPrivate Sector
Priority List of Need-based Training/Capability Building Programs
Barangay Development Plan based on BPPM Result (MDG-based workplan)
Policy / Advocacy
Creation
Facilitation
Enhancement
Preservation (Peace & Order)
Fact-Based Intervention
(FBI) Exchange
BgyBgy 179 179 Data Board 2005Data Board 2005
2.72.71.31.3
25251212
HH w/o access to safe waterHH w/o access to safe waterHH w/o sanitary toilet HH w/o sanitary toilet faclityfaclity
WaterWater & & SanitationSanitation
1.01.01.81.8
991717
Informal SettlersInformal SettlersHH with makeshift housingHH with makeshift housing
Environment Environment SustainabilitySustainability
Private sector partnershipPrivate sector partnershipPartnershipPartnership
1.61.67171Prop of HH victimized by crimeProp of HH victimized by crimePeace/OrderPeace/Order
0000Maternal MortalityMaternal MortalityMat HealthMat Health
17.517.537.737.7
9292123123
ElemElem School ParticipationSchool ParticipationHigh School ParticipationHigh School Participation
EducationEducation
16.716.76.66.66.66.6
15715762628484
HH w/ Inc < poverty thresholdHH w/ Inc < poverty thresholdHH w/ Inc < food thresholdHH w/ Inc < food thresholdHH experienced food shortageHH experienced food shortage
IncomeIncome
22.322.3433433Unemployment RateUnemployment RateEmploymentEmployment
0.70.744Malnutrition PrevalenceMalnutrition PrevalenceNutritionNutrition
1.01.077Infants deathInfants deathChild CareChild Care
ProProNoNoIndicatorIndicatorArea ConcernArea Concern
4,4254,425Total PopulationTotal Population179179BgyBgy2,1632,163MaleMale1919ZoneZone2,2622,262FemaleFemale939939No. of HouseholdsNo. of Households
BgyBgy Vision: Vision: ““A vibrant and A vibrant and
selfself--reliant reliant community by community by
20102010””Chairman: Romeo Chairman: Romeo EspanoEspanoKagawadKagawad::
1. Bert 1. Bert AcalAcal2. 2. HermieHermie MesinaMesina3. Ivan 3. Ivan BasinilloBasinillo4. 4. OgieOgie RamosRamos5. 5. NiloNilo SalazarSalazar6. Pedro 6. Pedro TandinganTandingan7. Joy Ramos7. Joy Ramos
Secretary: Karen Secretary: Karen PrioPrioTreasurer: Treasurer: TeresitaTeresita ArjonaArjona
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Main Problems Identified in Main Problems Identified in BgyBgy 179 CBMS 179 CBMS
1.01.01.81.8
991717
Informal SettlersInformal SettlersHH with makeshift housingHH with makeshift housing
Environment Environment SustainabilitySustainability
17.517.537.737.7
9292123123
ElemElem School ParticipationSchool ParticipationHigh School ParticipationHigh School Participation
EducationEducation
16.716.76.66.66.66.6
15715762628484
HH w/ Inc < poverty thresholdHH w/ Inc < poverty thresholdHH w/ Inc < food thresholdHH w/ Inc < food thresholdHH experienced food shortageHH experienced food shortage
IncomeIncome
22.322.3433433Unemployment RateUnemployment RateEmploymentEmployment
ProProNoNoIndicatorIndicatorArea ConcernArea Concern
UnemploymentUnemploymentHigh Incidence of Subsistence PoorHigh Incidence of Subsistence PoorHigh number of children not attending schoolHigh number of children not attending school
High Incidence of PovertyHigh Incidence of Poverty
403 unemployed 403 unemployed persons persons Problem areas: Problem areas: Blocks 4, 19, 28, Blocks 4, 19, 28, 34, 26,34, 26,
Saint Peter Street
Sain
t Cec
illeSt
reet
Sain
t The
resa
Stre
et
Sain
t Cat
herin
e St
reet
Sain
t And
rew
Stre
et
Sain
t Ber
nade
tte S
treet
Sain
t Jud
e St
reet
Sain
t Joh
n St
reet
Sain
t Jam
es S
treet
Sain
t Pet
er S
treet
Saint Francis ExtensionSta. Rita Street
Maricaban Creek
UnemploymentUnemployment
Bgy 179 CBMS Result
Unemployment Rate: 22.3%
Need-Solution Exchange is initially done during the CBMS Community Validation stage where the barangay officials and residents are assembled together with the CPDO, CDO and some of the solution providers The accuracy of data collected is checked, discussed and possible solutions are considered. Peoples’ participation is a must. The focal person, normally the bgy captain, facilitates the discussion.
Community Validation
Unemployment in Unemployment in BgysBgys 179, 185 & 184 addressed179, 185 & 184 addressed
FBI Ex: Through
coordination with PESO & formation of
PMAT, TESDC
SMEDC & Manpower
Cooperative
List of unemployed residents are given to the Bgy officials
Skills Inventory through Skills Inventory through Satellite Satellite BgyBgy Employment Employment Service Operation (SBESO) Service Operation (SBESO) ––PhiljobnetPhiljobnet on line or job fairon line or job fair
Animation “Train Now-Sure Job-Pay Later” Program is introduced through TESDC/DTI
Membership to Bayanihan OFW Savings and Groceria Project
Unemployment Rate 22.3%
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Unemployment in depressed Unemployment in depressed bgysbgys addressedaddressed
BayanihanPeople’s Mart, a supermarket owned, operated by the Bayanihansavers and the network of sari-sari store operators in Pasay
Animation Training Center, a “Train Now-Sure Job-Pay Later” program that gives hope and employs underprivileged but talented residents as professional animators regardless of age
Unemployment in depressed Unemployment in depressed bgysbgys addressedaddressed
Unemployment in depressed Unemployment in depressed bgysbgys addressedaddressed
Microfinance Program for the Poor, a mass based banking system to address the credit needs of the entrepreneurial poor for their micro-enterprises. Allocation of PhP20M for our Poverty Reduction Programs is being studied.
Unemployment in depressed Unemployment in depressed bgysbgys addressedaddressed
Youth Empowerment thru Self-help Operation (YESO), a savings and investment program for the Public High School Students to prepare them for entrepreneurial activities
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Mutual Investment for Mutual Investment for Government EmployeesGovernment Employees
Employees Cooperative Canteen, a savings initiated project that encourages all Pasay government employees to own and operate a profitable business;
Makeshift Housing addressedMakeshift Housing addressed
On makeshift housing at danger areas(Tripade Galina Creek). Initially in 2005, we bought a 10 hectare land in Tanay, Rizal as our relocation site that would fit about 2,000 families/households.
On HIV/AIDS, we have created Local AIDS Council aided by City Ordinance that would address MDG 6 concerns
HIV/AIDSHIV/AIDS
Promoted entrepreneurial orientation & economic mainstreamingFacilitated quick need –solution intervention at the barangay level
Pasay’s CBMS Impact/Outcome IndicatorsAcquired & applied new Knowledge, Skills, Attitude (KAS)Gained Positive ValuesSocial, interpersonal & leadership skills become evident Facilitated quality &
timeliness of servicesPromoted human rights & transparency Tapped indigenous capacities, values & practices
People EmpowermentStrengthened community-based structure for active & sustained people’s participation
Pasay’s CBMS Impact/Outcome Indicators
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MDG Localization as the Rallying PointMDG Localization as the Rallying Point
SMEs
Private Sector /
Business Sector
People of Pasay
PasayGovernment
Achieve Achieve MDGsMDGs by by
20152015
A tool that brings the business sector and the A tool that brings the business sector and the government sector together to achieve a common goal. government sector together to achieve a common goal. As duty bearers, they provide conducive atmosphere to As duty bearers, they provide conducive atmosphere to
facilitate the access of services resulting to facilitate the access of services resulting to MDGsMDGsattainmentattainment
The Poor as Rights Claim holdersThe Poor as Rights Claim holdersIn this MDG Localization endeavor,
the poor, the low income households are not treated as beneficiaries but partners. As rights claim holders they have responsibilities, they also have equal stake to growth and development.
PASAY CITY as one of the 14 resource cities in MDG Localization, sees that the families have a major role
in achieving the MDGs. Family, as the society’s smallest unit can be one of the most powerful forces
in combating poverty. Pasay now believes that “Strong family means Strong City and Strong Nation”
PasayPasay embarks into localizing MDG embarks into localizing MDG in every family using rightsin every family using rights--based based
approachapproach
ADVOCATING & POPULARIZING PASAY MDG LOCALIZATION
Family based MDG Localization Approach
Pasay City
A consultation meeting with UN habitat, UNDP, CHR, DILG and LGUs (Pasay and Munoz) resulted to Pasay designing a Family-based MDG Pledge of Commitment where the city would solicit the commitments of 80,000 households to achieve MDGs in their own families at their own level.
These 8 global MDG statements are translated into Family MDG statements which are simple and easy to understand
8
OBJECTIVES:
Capitalize on the family as the advocate, promoter, and implementor of MDGs in the community
LGU and Business Community provide a conducive political and legal atmosphere as well as doable programs to facilitate the attainment of MDGs by families
Pasay City
Global MDG 1: Eradicate Extreme Poverty and HungerGlobal MDG 1: Eradicate Extreme Poverty and HungerFmilyFmily MDG 1: MDG 1: AkingAking PamilyaPamilya, may , may trabahotrabaho, may , may impokimpok pa.pa.
Call Center Training Center
TESDC
SMEDCManpower
Service Cooperatives
Animation Training Center
BayanihanPeoples Mart
PESOSkills Inventory
BayanihanSavings Program
Global MDG 2: Achieve Universal Primary EducationGlobal MDG 2: Achieve Universal Primary EducationFamily MDG 2: Family MDG 2: ““LahatLahat ngng AnakAnak, Nag, Nag--aaralaaral””
School Board
Public High Schools
DSWD-Private sector Scholarship program
Manpower Service
Cooperatives
Dep Ed
Day Care Centers
Public Elementary Schools
Pamantasanng Lungsod
ng Pasay
Global MDG 3: Promote Gender EqualityGlobal MDG 3: Promote Gender EqualityFamily MDG 3: Family MDG 3: ““LalakiLalaki at at BabaeBabae, may , may pantaypantay nana
karapatankarapatan””
NGO-initiated programs
PNP women’s desk
Womens Associations
GAD Council DSWD
Inter-Department Programs
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Global MDG 4: Reduce Child MortalityGlobal MDG 4: Reduce Child MortalityFamily MDG 4: Family MDG 4: ““SanggolSanggol nana malusogmalusog, , minimithiminimithi ngng luboslubos””
Health Centers
Pasay City General Hospital
Private Medical Clinics
City Health Office
NGO-initiated Medical Missions
BarangayHealth
Workers Veterinary Office
Global MDG 5: Improved Maternal HealthGlobal MDG 5: Improved Maternal HealthFamily MDG 5: Family MDG 5: ““LagingLaging isaisipisaisip, , LigtasLigtas nana buntisbuntis””
Private Medical Clinics
City Health Office
BarangayHealth
Workers
NGO-initiated Medical Missions
Health Centers
Pasay City General Hospital
Veterinary Office
Global MDG 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and Other Global MDG 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and Other Infectious DiseasesInfectious Diseases
Family MDG 6: Family MDG 6: ““IwasanIwasan HIV/AIDS, Malaria at HIV/AIDS, Malaria at NakakahawangNakakahawang sakitsakit: NAKAMAMATAY: NAKAMAMATAY””
Health Centers
Pasay City General Hospital
Private Medical Clinics
City Health Office
NGO-initiated Medical Missions
BarangayHealth
Workers
AIDS Council
AIDS Call
Global MDG 7: Ensure Environmental SustainabilityGlobal MDG 7: Ensure Environmental SustainabilityFamily MDG 7: Family MDG 7: ““KapaligiranKapaligiran, , LagingLaging AlagaanAlagaan””
Housing Board
Waste Management Department
Civic Groups on Housing
Mayor’s Clean Team
NGO-initiated Waste Management
Programs
BarangayAction Center
PCIACH
BarangayMRF
Tourism and Culture Office
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Global MDG 8: Develop Global Partnership for Global MDG 8: Develop Global Partnership for DevelopmentDevelopment
Family MDG 8: Family MDG 8: ““IpamuhayIpamuhay: Kung : Kung samasama--samasama, , lahatlahatkayangkayang kayakaya at kung at kung tulongtulong--tulongtulong, , bayanbayan ay ay susulongsusulong””
BarangayDevelopment
Council
Local Development
Council
Area Local Development
Council
BayanihanSavings
Committee
SMEDC
City Planning Development
Office
CDO Peoples Congress
PCUC
My Family MDG Pledge of Commitment
Dapat na malaman ng lahat na ako, ________, at akingpamilya na nakatira sa, ____________ ay nagpapahayag:
Na naniniwala sa apat na mahahalagang prinsipyo upangumunlad ang bayan:
1. Laging hangad, Maunlad na siyudad2. Kung wala ang Diyos, walang tagumpay3. Mahirap ka man, kaya mong mag-impok4. Kung nagkakaisa at sama sama, kapakinabangan ang
resultaNa ako at aking pamilya ay nakikiisa na isagawa sa abot ng
aming makakaya ang mga sumusunod na Millennium Development Goals o Layuning Pagpapaunlad saMilenyo para sa Pamilya:MDG 1: “Aking Pamilya, may trabaho, may impok pa”MDG 2: “ Lahat ng anak, nag-aaral”MDG 3: Lalaki at Babae, may pantay na karapatan”
MDG 4: “Sanggol na malusog, minimithi ng lubos”MDG 5: “Laging isaisip, ligtas na buntis”MDG 6: “Iwasan HIV/AIDS, Malaria at nakakahawang
sakit: NAKAKAMATAYMDG 7: “Kapaligiran, laging alagaan”MDG 8: “Ipamuhay: Kung sama-sama, lahat kayang
kaya, kung tulong-tulong, bayan ay susulong”
Ang lahat ng ito ay gagampanan ko at ng aking pamilyahanggang makita ang bawat Pilipino na namumuhay ngMASAGANA, MAKADIYOS, at MAPAG-BIGAY.
Sa harap ng Diyos at ninyong lahat, ako ay taos pusongnanunumpa.
_________________________Lagda sa ibabaw ng Pangalan
__________________ ______________________Witness City Mayor - Witness CDO(551CDO(551--5233), BCMP(5515233), BCMP(551--0919), 0919),
Bayanihan(831Bayanihan(831--7676), LDC(5517676), LDC(551--8888)8888)MDG 8: “Ipamuhay: Kung sama-sama, lahat kayang kaya, kung tulong-tulong, bayan ay susulong”
MCT(551MCT(551--3333), WMD(5523333), WMD(552--4445), 4445), Housing Board(833Housing Board(833--8888)8888)
MDG 7: “Kapaligiran, laging alagaan”
City Health(552City Health(552--1111), PCGH(8331111), PCGH(833--2222), Health Center(5512222), Health Center(551--5222), 5222), AIDS Call(552AIDS Call(552--7777)7777)
MDG 6: “Iwasan HIV/AIDS, Malaria at nakakahawang sakit: NAKAKAMATAY
City Health(552City Health(552--1111), PCGH(8331111), PCGH(833--2222), Health Center(5512222), Health Center(551--5222)5222)
MDG 5: “Laging isaisip, ligtas na buntis”
City Health(552City Health(552--1111), PCGH(8331111), PCGH(833--2222), Health Center(5512222), Health Center(551--5222)5222)
MDG 4: “Sanggol na malusog, minimithing lubos”
DSWD(833DSWD(833--2245), PNP(8322245), PNP(832--4545)4545)MDG 3: Lalaki at Babae, may pantay nakarapatan”
DepEd(552DepEd(552--6754), DSWD(8336754), DSWD(833--2245), 2245), Rotary(552Rotary(552--5678)5678)
MDG 2: MDG 2: LahatLahat ngng anakanak, nag, nag--aaralaaral
PESO(832PESO(832--7651), TESDC & 7651), TESDC & SMEDC(551=5233), Barangay(830SMEDC(551=5233), Barangay(830--6543), BCMP(8306543), BCMP(830--3380)3380)
MDG 1: MDG 1: AkingAking PamilyaPamilya, may , may trabahotrabaho, , may may impokimpok papa
MakipagMakipag--ugnayanugnayan sasa mgamga sumusunodsumusunodFamily Family MDGsMDGs
11
Family MDG pledge of Family MDG pledge of commitment is recited commitment is recited
during the CBMS during the CBMS community validation or community validation or BarangayBarangay Assembly led Assembly led by the by the BgyBgy Captain and Captain and
at the at the BayanihanBayanihanPeoplePeople’’s Congress at s Congress at CunetaCuneta Astrodome led Astrodome led by City Mayor Trinidad. by City Mayor Trinidad.
Committed Family Committed Family members affixed their members affixed their
signatures together with signatures together with their witnessestheir witnesses
MDG Localization is mobilizing the claim holders, (families, households) and the duty bearers
(government and private sectors) to take their equalstake to growth and development
The more families expressed their MDG commitmenthe nearer we are in achieving our goals.
Remember: Strong families mean Strong City and Strong Nation
MultiMulti--SectoralSectoral Partnership (BAYANIHAN) Partnership (BAYANIHAN) Pasay Government and the Private Sector as Duty HoldersPasay Government and the Private Sector as Duty Holders
Households and Families as Rights ClaimholdersHouseholds and Families as Rights Claimholders
PASAY CITY GOVERNMENT BUSINESS
SECTOR VEDCOR, NGOs, Churches,
POs
PASAYHOUSEHOLDS/
FAMILIES
-Technical assistance,
inculcate values, skills, knowledge,
resources.-Generates jobs
and incomes
Fiscal roleCreates a conducive political and
legal environment
-Provide 4 productive resources (purchasing power, manpower, savings, small and micro-enterprises)
-Facilitate political and social inter-action-Accept, own, implement program-In the frontline leadership of community development
SMART PARTNERSHIPSMART PARTNERSHIP
PhilSMED
NGAs, DTI, DOLE, DOST,
OWWA, TESDA
BCMP, church-
based NGOs
FamiliesPCUC, Bayanihan
Banking Replicators
International Agencies, UNDP, UN
habitat
Pasay Govt, CPDO,PESO, COOP,
BPLO, MITS,
MDG MDG Localization Localization
Action Action PlanPlan
PasayChamber of Commerce
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Our Desire:Our Desire: “From Pyramid to Diamond”10% Upper Class
20% Middle Class
70% Poor
10% Upper Class
60% Middle Class
30% Poor
The Pasay City Government, the Business Community, the civil society and the families are rallying together to achieve the MDGs
This multi-sectoral partnership will pull up the entrepreneurial poor in the middle forming the diamond shape economic class standing.
PasayPasay’’ss CBMS, FBI Ex CBMS, FBI Ex and Familyand Family--based based MDG Localization MDG Localization demonstrate that the demonstrate that the potential effect of potential effect of pooled resources is pooled resources is greater than greater than individual thrust.individual thrust.
PasayPasay calls it calls it ““BAYANIHANBAYANIHAN””
BayanihanBayanihan is an inherent Filipino is an inherent Filipino values that created the values that created the BanaweBanawe Rice Rice Terraces. Formed not by slaves but Terraces. Formed not by slaves but by the hands of united, Godby the hands of united, God--loving, loving,
FamilyFamily--oriented, selforiented, self--reliant men and reliant men and women of this nationwomen of this nation
It is the synergy that will surely
It is the synergy that will surely
translate the translate the MDGsMDGs from from
ASPIRATIONS to ACTION.
ASPIRATIONS to ACTION.
PasayPasay believes that family believes that family can triumph over poverty in can triumph over poverty in our country. our country. History tells us that families History tells us that families have survived even the have survived even the worst and fearful conditions worst and fearful conditions ever experienced by men. ever experienced by men. Strong families with positive Strong families with positive values can contaminate and values can contaminate and influence others influence others
““Matat
ag
Matat
agnana
Pamily
a
Pamily
a
Maunl
ad
Maunl
adnana
Bayan
Bayan
!!””
Thank you very muchThank you very much