BCG ( Bacille Calmette-BCG ( Bacille Calmette-Guerin)Guerin)
Protects infants against TBProtects infants against TB In powder form with diluentsIn powder form with diluents Must be discarded after 6 hrs. or at Must be discarded after 6 hrs. or at
the end of the immunization sessionthe end of the immunization session
Type of vaccineType of vaccine Live BacteriaLive Bacteria
Number of dosesNumber of doses 11
ScheduleSchedule At or as soon as possible after birthAt or as soon as possible after birth
BoosterBooster NoneNone
Contraindications Contraindications Symptomatic HIV infectionSymptomatic HIV infection
CommonCommon
Adverse rxnAdverse rxn
Local abcessLocal abcess
Special Special precautionsprecautions
Correct intradermal administration Correct intradermal administration special syringe and needle special syringe and needle
DosageDosage .05 ml.05 ml
Injection Injection sitesite
Outer upper left arm or shoulderOuter upper left arm or shoulder
Injection Injection typetype
intradermalintradermal
StorageStorage Store bet. 2-8 degrees Celsius but not Store bet. 2-8 degrees Celsius but not the diluentsthe diluents
DPT VaccineDPT Vaccine
Type of Type of vaccinevaccine
Diphtheria and tetanus as Diphtheria and tetanus as toxoids. Pertussis as killed toxoids. Pertussis as killed whole-cell bacteriumwhole-cell bacterium
Number of Number of dosesdoses
3 primary doses3 primary doses
scheduleschedule 6,10,14 wks of age6,10,14 wks of age
ContraindicatiContraindicationon
Anaphylactic reaction to Anaphylactic reaction to previous doseprevious dose
Adverse rxnAdverse rxn Mild local or systemic reactionsMild local or systemic reactions
Special Special PrecautionsPrecautions
DPT not usually given over 6 yrs DPT not usually given over 6 yrs of ageof age
DosageDosage 0.5 ml0.5 ml
Injection Injection sitesite
Outer mid thigh in infant/ outer Outer mid thigh in infant/ outer upper arm in older childrenupper arm in older children
Injection Injection typetype
IM IM
Storage Storage Store between 2-8 degrees Celsius Store between 2-8 degrees Celsius should never be frozenshould never be frozen
Side effectsSide effects
FeverFever SorenessSorenessDPT vaccine should never be frozen.DPT vaccine should never be frozen.The shake test will determine if the The shake test will determine if the
vaccine has been damaged by vaccine has been damaged by freezing.freezing.
If the vaccines fails the shake test If the vaccines fails the shake test discard itdiscard it
Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV)Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV)
TypeType Live Oral Polio VaccineLive Oral Polio Vaccine
No. of DosesNo. of Doses 3 doses3 doses
ScheduleSchedule 6, 10, 14 weeks of age6, 10, 14 weeks of age
BoosterBooster Supplementary doses given Supplementary doses given during polio eradication during polio eradication activitiesactivities
ContraindicatioContraindications ns
NoneNone
Adverse Adverse RxnRxn
VAPP very rarely (Approx. 2-4 VAPP very rarely (Approx. 2-4 cases/million children vaccinated)cases/million children vaccinated)
Special Special PrecautionsPrecautions
Children known to have rare Children known to have rare congenital immune deficiency congenital immune deficiency syndrome syndrome
Dosage Dosage 2 drops2 drops
StorageStorage Between -15-25Between -15-25° C° C
MeaslesMeasles
TypesTypes Live attenuated VirusLive attenuated Virus
No. of doses No. of doses 1 dose1 dose
Schedule Schedule 9-11 mos. Of age9-11 mos. Of age
BoosterBooster 22ndnd opportunity (routine or opportunity (routine or campaign) campaign)
ContraindicatiContraindicationon
Severe reaction to previous dose Severe reaction to previous dose
Adverse Rxn.Adverse Rxn. Malaise, fever, rash, rarely Malaise, fever, rash, rarely encephalitis, anaphylaxisencephalitis, anaphylaxis
Special Special PrecautionPrecaution
NoneNone
DosageDosage .5ml.5ml
Injection siteInjection site Outer mid thigh/ upper arm Outer mid thigh/ upper arm depending on the agedepending on the age
Injection TypeInjection Type Subcutaneous Subcutaneous
Storage Storage Between -15-25Between -15-25° C° C
Hepatitis B VaccineHepatitis B Vaccine
TypeType Recombinant DNA or Plasma Recombinant DNA or Plasma DerivedDerived
No. of doses No. of doses 3 doses3 doses
ScheduleSchedule Several optionsSeveral options
Booster Booster nonenone
ContraindicatioContraindicationsns
Anaphylactic rxn to a previous Anaphylactic rxn to a previous dosedose
Adverse Rxn.Adverse Rxn. Local soreness and rednessLocal soreness and redness
DosageDosage .5ml.5ml
Injection siteInjection site Outer mid thigh (infants) Outer mid thigh (infants) outer upper arm ( children outer upper arm ( children and adult) and adult)
Injection TypeInjection Type IntramuscularIntramuscular
Storage Storage Store between 2-8Store between 2-8° C. Never ° C. Never FreezeFreeze
Type Type Toxoid as DT, TT or TDToxoid as DT, TT or TD
No. of dosesNo. of doses At least 2 primary dosesAt least 2 primary doses
ScheduleSchedule See next tableSee next table
BoosterBooster TT/TD every 10 yrs or during TT/TD every 10 yrs or during pregnancy. DT 18 mos-6 yrs. pregnancy. DT 18 mos-6 yrs.
ContraindicatioContraindicationsns
Anaphylactic rxnAnaphylactic rxn
Tetanus ToxoidTetanus Toxoid
Adverse Rxn Adverse Rxn Mild local or systemic reactions Mild local or systemic reactions
DosageDosage .5 ml .5 ml
Injection siteInjection site Outer upper armOuter upper arm
Injection type Injection type IntramascularIntramascular
Storage Storage Store between 2-8Store between 2-8° C. Never ° C. Never FreezeFreeze
TT immunization TT immunization scheduleschedule
Dose of Dose of TTTT
When to giveWhen to give Expected Expected duration of duration of protectionprotection
11 At first contact or At first contact or as early as as early as possible in possible in pregnancypregnancy
nonenone
22 At least 4 wks At least 4 wks after TT1after TT1
1-3 yrs1-3 yrs
33 At least 6 mos. after At least 6 mos. after TT2 or during TT2 or during subsequent pregnancysubsequent pregnancy
At least 5 yrsAt least 5 yrs
44 At least 1 yr after TT3 At least 1 yr after TT3 or during subsequent or during subsequent pregnancypregnancy
At least 10 yrsAt least 10 yrs
55 At least 1 yr after TT4 At least 1 yr after TT4 or during subsequent or during subsequent pregnancypregnancy
For all child For all child bearing years and bearing years and possibly longerpossibly longer
Immunization schedule for Immunization schedule for childrenchildren
AgeAge EPI visitEPI visit Antigens given Antigens given With Birth With Birth DoseDose
Birth Birth 00 BCGBCG Hep B -birthHep B -birth
6 wks6 wks 11 OPV1, DPT1OPV1, DPT1 Hep B2Hep B2
10 wks10 wks 22 OPV2, DPT2OPV2, DPT2
14 wks14 wks 33 OPV3, DPT3OPV3, DPT3 Hep B3Hep B3
9-12 9-12 mos.mos.
44 MeaslesMeasles
IndicationsIndications
Allergy or asthmaAllergy or asthma Any minor illness such as respiratory Any minor illness such as respiratory
tract infections or diarrhea with tract infections or diarrhea with temperature below 38.5temperature below 38.5°C °C
Family history of adverse events Family history of adverse events following immunization following immunization
Family history of convulsion, seizures Family history of convulsion, seizures or fitsor fits
Treatment with antibioticsTreatment with antibiotics
Known or suspected HIV infection with no Known or suspected HIV infection with no signs and symptoms of AIDS signs and symptoms of AIDS
Child being breastfed Child being breastfed Chronic illnesses such as chronic diseases Chronic illnesses such as chronic diseases
of the heart, lungs, kidney or liverof the heart, lungs, kidney or liver Stable neurological conditions such as CP Stable neurological conditions such as CP
or Down’s syndrome or Down’s syndrome Premature or low birth weightPremature or low birth weight
ContraindicationsContraindications
Anaphylaxis or severe Anaphylaxis or severe hypersensitivity reactionhypersensitivity reaction
Do not give BCG or yellow fever Do not give BCG or yellow fever vaccine to an infant that exhibits vaccine to an infant that exhibits the signs and symptoms of AIDSthe signs and symptoms of AIDS
Giving vaccines at the same Giving vaccines at the same timetime
If you are giving more than 1 If you are giving more than 1 vaccine vaccine DO NOT use the same DO NOT use the same syringe, DO NOT use the same syringe, DO NOT use the same arm or leg for more than 1 arm or leg for more than 1 injectioninjection
DO Not give more than 1 dose of DO Not give more than 1 dose of the same vaccine in 1 sessionthe same vaccine in 1 session