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ENERGY EFFICIENCY ANDENERGY EFFICIENCY ANDLABELLINGLABELLING
ByBy
. .. .Deputy DirectorDeputy Director
Energy Commission of NigeriaEnergy Commission of NigeriaPlot 701C Central Area, P.M.B 358, Area 10, Garki, AbujaPlot 701C Central Area, P.M.B 358, Area 10, Garki, Abuja
Tel: +234 8032 920 873Tel: +234 8032 920 873EE--mail:mail: [email protected]@yahoo.com
Being Paper Presented at a One-Day Workshop on Energy Efficiency andLabels Held at Sheraton Hotel & Towers, Abuja, 3th August 2010
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OutlineOutline
Introduction Energy Efficiency (EE)
??????????
Drivers of EE
Building an Energy-Efficient Economy
Environmental and Economic Benefits of EE
Energy Labeling
Definition Types
Contents, Structure and Samples
Benefits
Hindrances Way Forward
Conclusions
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IntroductionIntroduction Current Electricity Demand estimated at over 15,000MW
(Peak), 10,000 MW during off peak.
Power Generation: 1,500MW 3,000MW.
Deficit 8,500-12,000 MW necessitating load shedding
Interruptions in Gas Supply and Fluctuations in Water
levels, etcis blamed for this.
Electricity demand is increasing at about 7% annually.
Energy efficiency is one of the interventions that couldreduce power demand without reducing services.
2 3
GW
Load Demand
Over 15GW
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Energy Efficiency ?????????Energy Efficiency ????????? Energy Efficiency is as old as energy
use itself. Fires were open to sun andlatter improved to enclosed spaces andthen later replaced by ovens, etc.
Energy Efficiency is reducing energyrequirements per unit of output,thereby, reducing total costs ofproducing the output.
It is a process that is aimed at: Minimizing energy use/costs/ waste
without affecting production & quality Minimizing environmental effects.
Efficiency = OutputInput
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Drivers of Energy EfficiencyDrivers of Energy Efficiency
Energy pricing has been the key stimulant of energy efficiency.
The oil price increases of 1973 74 and 1979 80 stimulatedinterest in energy efficiency and conservation;
Today, even if energy is cheap, energy efficiency and conservationis still very important, because of the realization that:
Most energy resources are depletable and increased energy efficiencyand conservation will elongate its lifespan;
With economic rowth and o ulation increase, we ma return to fuel
scarcity/shortage: increased energy efficiency and conservation willdelay and lessen the impact of such scarcity;
Energy saved = Energy generated; investments in energyconservation is cheaper than investment in building new power plants;
There is widespread public concern about environmental impacts of
energy production and use: energy efficiency generally reduces thoseimpacts;
Investment in energy efficiency and conservation can be undertaken insmaller increments than investment in energy supply
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Building an EnergyBuilding an Energy--Efficient EconomyEfficient Economy
Awareness Creation/Sensitization Program Energy Efficiency (Energy Savings) Projects Education and Training Program: Capacity Building
Program
Energy Audit Program Energy Audit Tool Kits Energy Codes and Standards Energy Labeling
, Energy Pricing/Efficiency Policy/Demand Side
Management (DSM) Energy Efficiency Database Energy Efficiency Awards Promotion of Energy Services Companies (ESCOs) Networking for Improved Energy Efficiency Technical Cooperation/International Collaboration
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100
150
200kg CO2/year
150 kg
100 kg
Environmental and Economic Benefits of EE
0
50
Kerozene
Lighting
Incandescent +
Coal Power
Incandescent +
Gas
Cogeneration
Energy Saving +
Gas Congeration
Energy Saving +
Renewable
70 kg
18 kg
0 kg
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799
800
1000
1200
kWh/anEnergy saved after replacing bulbs
Consumption after replacing bulbs
Average Savings : 244 kWh / (an.house)
ADEME CEE
Environmental and Economic Benefits of EE
209
247
104164
185187
195196197246
250
283
286
309
383
5362
71
101
0
200
400
2 18 10 20 5 16 15 8 14 9 19 4 11 17 6 7 12 27 13 3
Household IDSource : SAVE/Ecodrme 98 ADEME - Cabinet O. SIDLER
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9
1740
2000
2500
Average annual Savings: 723 kWh/an/house
Energy saved after replacing Fridges & Freezers
Consumption after replacing Fridges & Freezers
Environmental and Economic Benefits of EE
884775 747
615558 519
439 411345
325
1020
1101
110
5
11
75
12
242 234 213
0
500
1000
1500
7 17 10 2 6 18 20 12 16 3 14 15 13 8 9 5 27 4 11
Household IDSource : SAVE/Ecodrme 98 ADEME - Cabinet O. SIDLER
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Energy Labeling: What Is It?Energy Labeling: What Is It? Lack of information is generally considered to be one of the
main barriers to improving energy efficiency.
Energy labeling, which involves providing information toconsumers on the energy efficiency performance of newappliances, is aimed at addressing this barrier.
Energy Efficiency labels are informative labels affixed tomanufactured products indicating a products energyperformance (usually in terms of energy use, efficiency and/orcost) to provide consumers with data necessary for making
The appliances that are commonly labeled include:refrigerators, freezers and air conditionals and a range ofother appliances such as electric cookers, boilers, lightingproducts and washing machine
Labelling programmes may differ from one country to theother, however, they have things in common.
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Types of LabelsTypes of Labels
Energy labels generally fall into two main types:Endorsement and Comparative.
Endorsement labels point out to consumersthat products belong to the most energy
efficient class of products or meet apredetermined standard or eligibility criteria.This type of label merely informs theconsumer that the products meet certainrequired standard. US EPA Energy Star program
comparison labels - where key informationon energy consumption and/or performance isshown for comparative purposes. Additionalmeasures of energy efficiency (eg a star orefficiency rating) may also be shown. Thistype of system works best when it is
mandatory for all products to carry a label (sothat poor performers can be identified andreadily avoided by consumers).
Examples of this type of label can be found onappliances in Europe, etc..
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Contents and Structure of LabelsContents and Structure of Labels What determine labels contents?
socio-economic, physical and cultural condition of the nation,
language, and,
literacy level.
Guiding Principles in designing labels:
comparison or endorsement or both?
-
emphasize either energy consumption or cost indicators? how is appliance performance handled?
what is the most trusted source of labels - authoritative
need for verification
updating of efficiency criteria to account for market changes
marketing the label - buyer awareness & response
retailer participation - sales training
manufacturer versus buyer acceptance of energy labeling.
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Contents and Structure of Energy
Labels Contd..
MoreEfficient
LessEfficient
Energy EfficiencyScale
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BenefitsBenefits convey key information on energy consumption
and/or performance of appliances to a consumerto assist them in a taking purchase decision;
Long-term savings from avoided electricitybillings;
Improved competitiveness of local manufactures local manufacturers that upgrade the efficiency
multi-national companies;
It encourages standardization and promotesquality;
It creates awareness on the benefits of energyefficiency
Create job opportunities label production,
certification, enforcement, fixing, etc..
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Poor Quality Assurance: The quality of EE appliances in the open market is very bad,discouraging patronage;
Lack of minimum energy performance standards by S. O. N;
Low level of public awareness on the benefits and huge saving potentials;
Initial Capital investment is very high, but life-cycle cost is low
Low energy tariffs especially electricity and poor electricity billing system and payment collectionfrom the customers particularly residential.
Hindrances to the Deployment of EE AppliancesHindrances to the Deployment of EE Appliances
Inadequate indigenous human capacity in the design and implementation of energy-efficient systems;
Low level of capacity for the local manufacturing of energy-efficient appliances, resultinginto limited supply and higher cost;
Inadequate fiscal and economic incentives to attract local and foreign investment inenergy efficiency;
Inadequate policy, regulation and institutional framework for the development andadoption of energy-efficient systems;
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Way ForwardWay Forward Intensification of the nationwide sensitization and awareness creation programmes on the benefits of
EEC.
Creation and enforcement of enabling institutional and legislative framework for implementing EECProgrammes.
Intensification of the training of Energy experts (energy auditors, energy managers ).
Effective collaboration of all the government agencies that has a stake in EEC.
Establishment of EEC and Renewable Energy equipment /devices manufacturing plants in the country
Proper energy tariff , billing and payment collection systems
Enforcement of prepaid electric power meter on all categories of consumers
Mandatory energy audit for all larger energy consumers
Development and enforcement of National Programme for Phase by Phase Implementation ofretrofitting of inefficient appliances
The ECN through NCEEC in collaboration with relevant agencies (eg. NBTE) should establish regularshort course programme for energy auditors, energy managers
Encourage the setting up of Energy Service Companies (ESCOs)
Manufacturers Association of Nigeria and similar bodies should led the private sector participation inEEC penetration in the country
18
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ConclusionsConclusions
Energy efficiency and conservation is the leastexpensive, lowest risk, and most effective means ofreducing energy consumption and over- dependence onfossil fuels, thereby reduce GHG emissions.
Energy efficiency and conservation strategies
development plans;
REMEMBER: Energy Saved = Energy Generated- a renewable energy source that would have beenotherwise wasted.
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AND GOD BLESS!