TEACHING PRODUCTIVE SKILLS

Chapter 17

A. PRODUCTIVE SKILLSProductive skills are speaking and writing,

because learners doing these need to produce language.

A1. Structuring discourse :- Speaking (use lexical phrases)- Writing (coherent and cohesive)

A2. Following the rules :- Sociocultural rules- Turn Taking- Rules for writing

A3. Different styles, different genres :- Distance : well formed- Closeness : spontanity

Language production :- Writing like : essays, formal articles- Speaking like : ads, e-mail writing

A4. Interacting with an audience :Make the communication as informative as

required. Place it or suit it in participants interaction behave.

A5. Dealing with difficulty :- Improvising- Discarding- Foreignising- Paraphrasing

B. PRODUCTIVE SKILLS IN THE CLASSROOM

B1. Reception and Production- Output and input- Texts as models- Texts as stimuli- Reception as part of production

- Production enables reception

C. PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONSThere are number of reasons why students

find language production difficult, especially with tasks.

Tips :- match the tasks with the students language level- ensure that there is a purpose to the task- do not expect instant fluency and creativity

C1. LanguageThere are number of steps which will help

students to achieve success :- Supply key language (before we ask students to take part in a spoken or written activity, we may check their knowledge of vocabulary)- Plan activities in advance (plan production activities that will provoke their use of language)

C2. Topic and genreThese are number of ways which can help

students to invest their language production :- Choose interesting topics- Create interest in topics- Activate schemata- Vary topics and genre- Provide necessary information