Eco-City Action Plan for
Sangli-Miraj-Kupwad in India –
Demonstrating Involvement of Government- Business and Community
By Dr. Prasad Modak,Director, Ekonnect Knowledge [email protected]
©2013 Ekonnect Knowledge Foundation
Background: Eco-City in India
The first discussions on Eco-City started by
Ministry of Environment & Forest (MoEF) in May
2000
As a part of the 10th Plan activities, Eco-City
Program was initiated in the year 2002
Several Eco-City program launched – in six
small & medium sized towns
The Eco-City program were however not
effective with little or no implementation of
projects in place.
INDIA
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Reasons for Failure
Narrow emphasis on projects and no emphasis on the process
Absence of linkages with programs, plans and policies
Poor community engagement
Lack of strategic approach towards building capacities and partnerships ( especially PPPs)
Absence of political will
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Sangli- Miraj-Kupwad (SMK)
Sangli-Miraj-Kupwad (SMK) represents a typical medium sized city agglomeration
Population: 0.49 million (2011)
SMK is in the banks of the Krishna River
Sugar belt of Maharashtra, India
Krishna RiverSMK
INDIA
MAHARASHTRA
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Glimpses of SMK
Krishna river ghat Heritage School building
Dump site in Miraj Traffic junction
Water supply
Artisan in Miraj
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Key Enabling Factors for Eco-City SMK
Political will & support
Commitment of City Administration
Support from Maharashtra State Pollution Control Board
Interest from local community
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Eco-City Action Planning Process
Launch of Eco-city website
Launch of Eco-city website
Data Collection & Analysis
Data Collection & Analysis
Launch Workshop (Public meeting)
Formation of Core Committee
Identification of Issues &
Opportunities
Identification of Issues &
Opportunities
Design & implementation of
awareness campaign
Design & implementation of
awareness campaign
Preparation of Eco-city Charter
Preparation of Eco-city Charter
Preparation of Draft Action Plan
Preparation of Draft Action Plan
Core Committee Meeting
Final Workshop(Public meeting)Approval in
General Body meeting
Final Eco-City Action Plan
Final Eco-City Action Plan
Stakeholder Consultation Workshop
PHAS
E I
Inputs
Disclosure
Mobilization of financial resources
Mobilization of financial resources
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Action Plan Implementation Process
Final Eco-City Action Plan
Final Eco-City Action Plan
PHAS
E II
PHAS
E I
Formation of SMK Eco-City Pvt. Ltd
(SEPL)
Implementation of Eco-City Action
Plan
Implementation of Eco-City Action
Plan
Implementation of Awareness Campaigns
Implementation of Awareness Campaigns
Monitoring of Eco-City Action Plan
Monitoring of Eco-City Action Plan
Review & Adaptation of Action plan
Review & Adaptation of Action plan
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Overall Approach
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Multi-Stakeholder Engagement: Snapshot
Awareness workshop
Launch worksho
p
Drawing and slogan competition
Launch of
website
Awareness lectures in colleges
Promotion of website through
stickers
Workshop on Eco-city
Workshop on Eco-city
Public Meeting
Extensive Field Visits
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Community Engagement
Community is informed about Eco-City Action Planning process, objectives and expected
outcomes
Individuals, community representatives participate in
identifying issues and opportunities
Key stakeholders involved in identifying
solutions / intervention
DecisionMaking for
implementation
Community Participation & Stakeholder Involvement at various stages of the Eco-city Action Plan©2013 Ekonnect Knowledge Foundation
Mapping exercise to identify and locate issue areas
Participants: Citizens, regulators, businessmen, financiers, NGOs, research & academia
Result: Identification of locations of concern Severity of identified issues Prioritizing issues Ongoing initiatives Possible opportunities
Focus Group Discussions
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MAPPING EXERCISE
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Core CommitteeCore committee was formulated to
Serve as a think tank for the Program Review and suggest
Comprised of – elected members of SMKMC, engineers, builders, architects, activists, academia & other influential people in SMK
Core CommitteeCore Committee
EMCEMC
SMKMCSMKMC
Consult and implement
Review and Facilitate
Develop Action Plan
Interact with Citizens, NGOs, Professional Bodies,
Academic and Research Institutes
Interact with Citizens, NGOs, Professional Bodies,
Academic and Research Institutes
Interact with State and Central Bodies, International
Organizations
Interact with State and Central Bodies, International
Organizations ©2013 Ekonnect Knowledge Foundation
Awareness programs – lectures in schools & colleges, drawing and slogan competition, Stickers, launch of website, media coverage etc.
Public meetings
At the time of launch After preparation of Draft Plan
Recommendations were incorporated in the relevant Action Plans. New actions were also added, such as,
Truck Terminal, Haripur Nallah remediation, Participatory budget etc.
Citizen Awareness & Participation
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Eco-City Website: Eco-VoicesLaunch of Eco-City website www.ecocitysmk.net
Purpose: Awareness generation, Information dissemination, promote the concept of Eco-City, share various outputs, stimulate networking
Integrated tool on Google Maps to allow citizens to provide location-specific comments
Interactive features – mapping, opinion polls & discussion groups
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Eco-City Website: Eco-Voices
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Commitment to Eco-City The Charter for Eco-City Action Plan was developed which
comprised of - Vision Statement, Policy, Guiding Principles & Goals
Different Aspirations in Visioning
Vision Statement: The citizens of Sangli-Miraj-Kupwad (SMK) will work together to help make their cities a clean, healthy and safe place. SMK as an emerging Eco-City will grow by following the path of sustainable development where decisions for development will need to be inclusive and integrate economic, environmental and social considerations.©2013 Ekonnect Knowledge Foundation
Commitment to Eco-City Pledge was taken by the officials as well
as public in the public meeting
“ We are committed to Clean and Green SMK Eco-City and we will strive to achieve it”.
Standing Committee approved the Eco-City Action Plan in the General Body Meeting of the Municipal Corporation on 7th Oct 2010
Standing committee’s decision:
“This meeting approves the SMK Eco-City Action Plan and all its components.
The project should be implemented with immediate effect without any delays”.
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SMK Eco-City Report
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Thematic Approach
Composite Actions
1. Environmental Awareness Centre2. Environmental Monitoring Plan3. Green School Program4. Advanced Locality Management
5. Ward level Score Card6. GHG Inventorization7. EMS ISO 14001 8. Participatory Budget©2013 Ekonnect Knowledge Foundation
Framework for Action Evolution
Policy Plan Programs Projects
Situation Analysis
Gap Assessme
nt
Benchmarks
Compliance Requirements
Vision
Guiding Principles
Institutional Arrangements
Financial Resources
Community Participation
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Highlights of Actions
Distribution of Awareness programs to support each theme
Distribution of Actions (4P) Perspective
Distribution of Actions under each theme
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Illustrations for Community driven Actions
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Proposal for an Environmental Awareness and Activity Centre
Benefits Demonstrate ‘green’ building design and
technology
Initiate innovative outreach programs for environmental awareness
Promote dialogue and interaction between the different stakeholders
Provide resources
Provide expert advice on green technology and environmental issues
Estimated CostsUS $ 0.7 millionThe Operation cost will be covered by the revenue generated within the Centre.
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Development of Advanced Locality Management (ALM)
Benefits
Increased sense of responsibility and awareness of civic issues (e.g. waste segregation, composting, cleanliness) among residents
Reduced burden on SMKMC as ALM shares responsibility, interacts closely with ward officer to resolve issues
Example of ALM in Mumbai, Maharashtra
Neighborhood Initiative; Community Based Organization in the form of Advanced Locality Management (ALM)
Supported by Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai (MCGM)
Number of Households: 125
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Green School Programme (GSP)BenefitsPhase-wise implementation covers a
large audience
Multiplier effect as students and successive generations carry learning from GSP
Impact on larger society of parents, teachers and institution staff
Repository of knowledge base and resources for the neighborhood
Connect school curriculum, teaching-learning methodologies and overall management of the school
Estimated CostsUS $ 0.15 Million
GSP to cover 40 schools out of around 170 in the SMK area. These should include English and Marathi medium, Government aided and Private.
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Features of Awareness Plan
Jan Feb Mar
Apr May Jun
Jul Aug Sep
Oct Nov Dec
Inclusive of all themes and stakeholders mentioned in the Action Plan
Shift from ‘Environment Education’ (EE) to ‘Education for Sustainable Development’ (ESD)
Phase-wise planning for incorporation of feedback from stakeholders
Blended nature of activities encompassing all awareness techniques
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Estimation of Cost of Various Actions
Theme No
Actions Indicative Cost
( in US $)Tech. Assist
Capital Cost
Total Cost
Water 1 Pilot Projects on Rooftop RWH 0.00 21,500 21,500
2 Comprehensive Hydro-Geological Study 41,700 0.00 41,700
3 Manual Preparation on RWH for SMK region 10,200 0.00 10,200
4 City level Initiatives for Storm Water Management
0.00 0.00 0.00
5 Door-to-door Program on Leak Repairs and Retrofits
0.00 11,150 11,150
Sewerage and Sanitation
6 Insitu Biological Treatment in Nallahs in SMKMC (Sheri Nallah, Haripur Nallah and Malgaon Odha)
4,500 1225,00
0
1229,500
7 Reduction of Load on Dhulgaon STP 0.00 3155,00
0
3155,000
8 Decentralized Waste Water Treatment and Recycling at Ambarai
0.00 78,500 78,500
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Total Cost of the Project
Sr. No.
Activities/Heads Cost (in US$ million)
1. Implementation of Proposed Actions (Plans, Projects & Programs)
15.7
Technical Assistance Required in Planning Stage: US$ 0.4 millionCapital Costs: US$15.3 million
2. Conducting Awareness Programs 0.05
3. Company Formation: SMK Eco City Pvt. Ltd. (SEPL) 0.01
4. Appointment of Project Management Consultant (for 7 years)
1.15
Total cost 16.95
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Distribution of Funding Requirements
Phase I Phase II Phase III
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Funds for Project Implementation
Grants for Project Planning and Programs
Years
3 Million 7 Million 5 Million
0.4 Million 0.3 Million 0.3 Million
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Cost-Benefit Scenario
Tangibles and Intangibles for each theme
Tangibles –
Revenue generated for the SMKMC Financial benefits for the people of SMK
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Benefits Calculated: Solid Waste
Savings up to US$ 0.75 US million every year which amounts to US$ 5.25million $ for 7 yrs.
Route Optimization
COLLECTION &
TRANSPORT
EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT
Waste Inventorization
Strengthening collection and
transport
Collection Coverage will increase from 63.3%
(existing) to 100% in the span of 7 yrs
57% savings in total cost presently spent on
transport of SWM
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Benefits Calculated: Solid Waste
PROCESSING
3R
Decentralized Bio-Methanation plants
Community Sorting Centres
Ban on Plastic wasteTREATMENT
Guidelines & facility for C&D
waste
Institutionalization of Rag pickers
CDM Possibilities
Reduction in transportation cost- US$ 65,000/yrReplacement of LPG with biogas- US$
31,000 /yr Total Savings: US$ 96000/yr
Sale of recyclables- US$ 0.3million/yr. Savings from transportation costs- US$ 0.8
million/yrTotal- US$ 1.1 million/yr
CDM benefits- Total : US$ 1.85million over 7
yrs.
Total benefit from ‘3R’ actions US$ 10.5 million for 7 yrs
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Intangible Benefits Across Themes
• Water Security • Green Jobs
• Health Improvement• Improved Services
• Savings in Virgin Resources
• Reduction in GHGs• Improved Services
• Resource Conservation & Development
• Carbon Sink• Health Improvement
• Reduction in Pollution• Reduction in GHGs• Health Improvement
• Health Improvement
• Improved Landscape
• Improved Quality of Life
• Improved Quality of Life
• Green Jobs
• Increased Awareness• Improved Services
• Green Jobs• Health Improvement
• Green Jobs
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Intangible Benefits
Are immense but are difficult to capture in monetary terms
A rough estimate for health benefits from various actions – Solid waste management, better sanitation, organic fumigation, stringent norms on vehicular pollution, increased green cover, works out to be US$16million/yr, which itself takes care of the entire investment in the Eco-City Action Plan.
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Estimated savings in Health Sector
Government norms of medical reimbursement per household are US$ 325 per year. This amount gets generally spent
If an amount of US$100 out of US $325 is saved then this would entail savings of US$16million( for 0.16 million households in SMK)
This saving will be due to improved environment, less pollution and hence better health.
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Concluding Observations
Process is as important as the outcomes
Community involvement should be the core of the
process
Awareness programs must be linked to actions for
better effectiveness and sustainability
Partnerships should be forged for multi-stakeholder
engagement
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Concluding ObservationsEfforts to be made during implementation to set up key indicators and methodologies supported by surveys to assess the intangible benefits in monetary terms to the extent possible.
Eco-City Action Plan, when developed considering economic, environmental and social perspectives, leads to investments that pay off. The returns are through efficiency gains, conservation of resources, green jobs and benefits to health.
Eco-city Action Plan thus leads to Green Economy and demonstrates the Eco-Logic of an Eco-City!
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