Early Onset of Early Onset of Schizophrenia Spectrum Schizophrenia Spectrum

DisorderDisorderPremorbid history

Attention problems

Social impairment

Language abnormalities

Schizophrenia Biologic Schizophrenia Biologic EtiologyEtiology

Neuropathology in structure, function, and neurotransmitters, especially in temporal and frontal regions

Language impairmentNeurocognitive impairmentIntra uterine stressGenetic diathesis

Schizophrenia Schizophrenia Psychosocial EtiologyPsychosocial Etiology

Communication devianceLife events and stress

Schizophrenia Schizophrenia Differential DiagnosisDifferential Diagnosis

Bipolar DisorderADHDConduct DisorderPTSDPDD

Schizophrenia Schizophrenia PrognosisPrognosis

Poor - early onset, neurologic abnormalities, negative symptoms

Good - higher IQ, precipitant

Psychopharmacology for Psychopharmacology for Children and AdolescentsChildren and Adolescents

Stimulants

Antidepressants

Mood stabilizers

Psychopharmacology for Psychopharmacology for Children and Adolescents Children and Adolescents

((Cont’dCont’d))

Neuroleptics

Minor tranquilizers

Adrenergic agonists

Attention Deficit Disorder Attention Deficit Disorder Decision TreeDecision Tree

Inattention Impulsivity

bupropionclonidinetricyclic

SSRI

CombinationsMood Stabilizers

BusparBeta blockers

Methylphenidate

Dextroamphetamine

StimulantsStimulantsMethylphenidate (Ritalin)Dextroamphetamine

(Dexedrine)AdderallMagnesium pemoline (Cylert)

Antidepressants for Antidepressants for ADHDADHD

Fluoxetine (Prozac)Bupropion (Wellbutrin)Venlafaxine (Effexor)Tricyclics

Other Treatments for Other Treatments for ADHDADHD

Alpha-adrenergic stimulating agents

Beta-adrenergic blocking agents

Depression Decision TreeDepression Decision Tree

Noradrenergic Serotoninergic

Bupropion Venlafaxine

Remeron

StimulantsB-blockers

SSRIBuSpa

rValproate

CarbamazepineLithium

Treatment of PsychosisTreatment of PsychosisAtypical neuroleptics

RisperidoneOlanzapineQuetiapine

Mood stabilizersValproateLithiumCarbamazepine

“Ideally, one would like to practice medicine without having to bother with

actual patients.”

Other Treatment Modalities for Other Treatment Modalities for Neurodevelopmental Neurodevelopmental

DisordersDisorders Social skills training Stress management Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment (CBT) School Accommodation Specialized neuropsychological approaches Family structure and support Psychotherapy