Early Humans
Copyright © Clara Kim 2007. All rights reserved.
Essential Question: What is the impact of geography on the following?
• Human Settlement and Migration• Spread of ideas / cultural diffusion
Australopithecines• 1st to grow the
opposable thumb
•First humanlike creature to walk upright
Censored
How it all began…• Homo Sapiens (modern
humans) appeared in Africa 100,000 to 400,000 years ago.
• Then migrated to –Europe –Asia–Australia–The Americas
How did they find their food?• Early human societies
met their needs by hunting animals and gathering other foods like edible plants.
• These hunters and gatherers were also known as nomads.
Nomads
• Nomads: People who depend on wild plants and animals to survive. They followed where the food supply went and gathered seeds and nuts.
Road to the Agricultural Revolution
Paleolithic to Neolithic Era
Copyright © Clara Kim 2007. All rights reserved.
Paleolithic Era• Paleolithic Era
also means Old Stone Age.
• The Paleolithic or old stone age began 2 million years go.
Paleolithic Era• Homo Sapiens during
this period were:– Nomads
– The first to make simple tools and weapons.
– Make cave art
– Master the use of Fire.
– Develop a language
– Living in clans
Neolithic Era• Neolithic Era also
means the new stone age.
Homo Sapiens during this period:
• Developed agriculture• Domesticated animals• Used advanced tools like spears• Developed weaving skills
The Agricultural Revolution
• The Neolithic Age is sometimes called the Agricultural Age
• Nomads turned to Farmers
• They learned to domesticate (tame) animals
• They learned to farm their food
What did it all lead to?• All of these developments led to the
rise of settlements and agriculture.
• This advanced homo sapiens towards civilization.
Neolithic Age
Archaeological excavation and conservation by an
international team started in 1993 under the
direction of Dr Ian Hodder of the Çatalhöyük
Research Project, Stanford University.
• Mastered the art of farming, had complex societies & created armies to protect walled cities
• One early city - Catal Huyuk, located in present day Turkey.
• They built mud-brick homes. Catal Huyuk means Forked Mound.
• High point from 6700 to 5700 B.C.
Catal Huyuk could have looked similar to this graphic.
Lineage Groups or Kinship Units traced descendants through
Matrilineal or Patrilineal
Residents entered cities with ladders.
Jericho: It is also believed to be the oldest continuously inhabited city in the world.
Catal Huyuk Art Forms
The Five Features The Five Features of a Civilizationof a Civilization
Copyright © Clara Kim 2007. All rights reserved.
Advanced Cities• In order to be
considered a city it must have:–1. Large
population
–2. Must be a center of TRADE
Complex Institutions• Institution – a long
lasting pattern of organization in a community such as– Government
– Religion
– Economy
Record Keeping• Must have a
developed system of writing so the people can:– Record business
– Write a set of laws
– Priests can record rituals and dates
Pneumonic Device• Ants
– Advanced Cities• Can’t
– Complex Institutions (government, religion)
• Take– Technology
• Slick– Specialized workers
• Rice– Record Keeping
Pictures Cited• Slide 3 – http://www.davidmacd.com/images/new_york/100_7303_busy_broadway.jpg
• Slide 4 – http://studentwebs.coloradocollege.edu/~c_belle/religion.jpg, http://www.nationwideshelving.com/images/shelving_storage_products/shelving_by_industry/government_
• Slide 5 – clipart• Slide 6 – http://www.uwm.edu/People/closs/images/firefighters1024_768.jpg
• Slide 7 – http://www.barrattschapel.org/images/museumpicts/journal.jpg
Pictures Cited
• Slide 2 - http://cavemanchemistry.com/ch120slides/graphics/cartoon/7.png
• Slide 3 - http://raconter.net/img/write.jpg
• Slide 4 - http://www.accd.edu/sac/vat/arthistory/arts1303/Paleohorse3.jpg
• Slide 5 - http://youth.crosspointelive.org/uploaded_images/bonfire-748725.jpg
• Slide 6 - http://www.svf.uib.no/sfu/blombos/Artefact_Review1_Images/images/Bigbifacials-&-scrapers.jpg
• Slide 7 - clipart
• Slide 8 - http://www.sewerhistory.org/images/w/wam/moh_wam14.jpg
Pictures Cited• Slide 1 – www.baylor.edu
• Slide 2 - http://www.classicalvalues.com/NYPair.jpg, www.museumstorecompany.com
• Slide 3 - http://www.geocities.com/latrinchera2000/archivoimagenes/hominizacion/habilis/habilis6.jpg• Slide 4 - http://teachersnetwork.org/powertolearn/web/Prehistory%20Web%20Quest/images/Homo_Erectus.gif
• Slide 5 - www.ugopozzati.it/images/Speranza-Neanderthal.jpg
• Slide 6 - http://www.astrosurf.com/luxorion/Bio/cro-magnon-caverne.jpg
• Slide 7 - http://www.izea.net/images/africa.gif
• Slide 8 - www.rim101.net/pictures/xrm0101b.jpg
• Slide 9 - http://www.princetonfamilycenter.org/images/cavemen.jpg
• Slide 10 - www.preceptaustin.org