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E Governance:E Governance:
The concepts,The concepts,
Requirements, Stages,Requirements, Stages,
and Problems.and Problems.
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GOVERNANCE
means the process of decision-making and theprocess by which decisions are implemented.
Mean the interaction between government andcitizens, and government and businesses as
well as internal government operations.
GOOD GOVERNANCE
Means a modern, democratic and transparent
approach to politics and political administrationwith special attention given to its developmentalaspects.
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Characteristics of Good GovernanceCharacteristics of Good Governance
Consensus oriented Accountable
Participatory Transparent
Follows the
rule of law Responsive
Effective and Efficient Equitable and inclusive
GOOD
GOVERNANCE
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IMPLEMENTATION OF THE GOODIMPLEMENTATION OF THE GOOD
GOVERNANCE CONCEPTGOVERNANCE CONCEPT
Focuses on :
Participation
Responsiveness Equity and inclusiveness
Effectiveness and efficiency
Accessible Government is a foundation forgood governance.
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EE--GOVERNANCEGOVERNANCEIncorporates the concepts of governance, good
governance and ICT solutions. Good governance facilitated by the use ofICT.
ICT is an integral part.
Is the modern part to re-enforcing the connection
between public officials and communities thereby leadingto a stronger, more accountable and inclusive
democracy.
It is further reinforcing democracy through the
implementation of good governance conceptand enabling citizens to explore and fully bring
to effect opportunities offered by ICT and global
digital environment.
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ICT Solutions
Good Governance
Governance
eGovernance
E governance is the application of information technology to the processesOf government functioning to bring about
Simple
Moral
Accountable
Responsive and
Transparent Governance
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Government EGovernment E--Governance DirectionGovernance Direction
Empowering citizens
Better service delivery
Economic development
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Citizens expectation from eCitizens expectation from e--governancegovernance
Easy and fast information access about
the government and its services
Flexibility in accessing the services
Responsiveness to feedback aboutservices content and quality.
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It requires more than ICT to makeIt requires more than ICT to make
the impact:the impact:
Pro-poor policies
Decentralized d-making reform
Education
Basic infrastructure.
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Phases of the Implementation ProcessPhases of the Implementation Process
Presence. In this phase, basic information on the service is
provided to the public.
Interaction. Basic communication is established with the publicand basic search tools are introduced.
Transaction. Includes transactions conducted for the provision
of government services, which become an alternative to going
to government offices in person.
Transformation. Refers to changes in the way services are
provided, such that services that are part of an agencys critical
mission are provided electronically and applications that
manage the provision of services to citizens are introduced.
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Requirements for an eRequirements for an e--GovernanceGovernance
ProjectProject e-Government means putting aninformation system for citizens online. An information system as an essential
requirement. The information must be useful, so as to
avoid user frustration.
The information system must involve the
entire organization, not only certaindepartments.
Making information available to the public(and making it easy for the public to correctthat information) is the best way to gradually
improve it.
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Requirements for an eRequirements for an e--GovernanceGovernance
ProjectProject Priorities should be defined and political
support should be obtained
The network infrastructure must be builtand kept secure.
Internet access for employees of the
corporations, schools, as well as thegeneral public needs, to be promoted.
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Requirements for an eRequirements for an e--GovernanceGovernance
ProjectProject Making e-mail accounts available to
everyone:
It should be possible to contact all officialsby e-mail
This should be the main means of
communication among a government
agency's employees A general directory should be maintained
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Requirements for an eRequirements for an e--GovernanceGovernance
ProjectProject The information
made available by a
government agency
must be easy toaccess:
It should be easier
to access
informationelectronically than
by traditional means
Printing costs
should decline
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Requirements for an eRequirements for an e--GovernanceGovernance
ProjectProject
Automating procedures:
Administrative processes can be initiated,
consulted, and carried out through the new
access systems.
Greater transparency in the process.
Indicate formalities and procedures on
which information will be given on theInternet.
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Requirements for an eRequirements for an e--GovernanceGovernance
ProjectProject
Catalyzing services for the "virtual
community": Job bank
Advisory services for companies
Advertising for local SMEs
Real-estate (housing) exchange Application and webpage hosting
Clearinghouse for training courses
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Where to Begin?Where to Begin?
There are crucial elements for developing
e-government:
An organizational and institutional structure. Launching projects and generating a
multiplier effect.
Development of a more comprehensive
analysis of an e-government strategy and anaction plan.
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Stages: Basic ArchitectureStages: Basic Architecture
The architecture required for an e-
government system has the following
components: Portal: An integrated website that acts as
a gateway for a broad range of services
for citizens and business users.
Access devices: Electronic services couldbe accessed by telephone, PC, PDA, etc.
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The architecture required for an e-government system has the followingcomponents:
Government intranet: Should be linked tothe various departments in a governmentagency and integrate internal databases.
Government extranet: Connects thegovernment agency with the public,companies, and other users, such asuniversities, libraries, etc.
STAGESSTAGES--CONTCONT
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How to Establish an eHow to Establish an e--GovernanceGovernance
ProgramProgram Centralized implementation model:
Decisions are made by top officials in the
executive branch. For example, an e-government ministerial board can be
formed.
A master plan is drawn up, and
government agencies are instructed todevelop their own applications in line with
it.
Technological standards are determined
b a su ervisor bod .
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How to Establish an eHow to Establish an e--GovernanceGovernance
ProgramProgram Decentralized model implementation:
Each government agency develops its own plans,
based on its own priorities or criteria.
The variety of topics may be broader and may
come from internal or external workgroups.
Each agency determines the contents of its
applications and how they will be used, although
one government agency will define cross-agency
standards.
Innovations are gestated from within the agencies
themselves.
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Example of eExample of e--GovernanceGovernance
ApplicationsApplications Portal for Online Transactions:
Problems being targeted:
Need to go to several different government pages
to carry out online transactions. Both portals and individual pages offer little
interaction with users. Hence, citizens continue tocarry out transactions at government offices.
Objective: To offer a one-stop portal where citizenscan access information and carry out transactionswith respect to government services.
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Example of eExample of e--GovernanceGovernance
ApplicationsApplications
Electronic Access:
Problems being targeted: Only a smallpercentage of the population has Internet
access; this presents a major obstacle for
implementing an e-government model
intended to reach most of the population
Objective: To increase the number ofaccess points, by setting up either
community telecenters with Internet
access or kiosks/terminals in government
offices.
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Example of eExample of e--GovernanceGovernance
ApplicationsApplications Government Intranet:
Problems being targeted: The lack of electroniccommunication between government agencies
delays processes and raises the cost ofcommunication and management. Moreover,although many state agencies use technologicaltools, principally e-mail and webpages, furtherefforts need to be undertaken for thesetechnologies to provide support for internal
administration, for certain definitions to bestandardized, and for other ITs to be used..
Objective: To introduce the use of ITs, therebyencouraging increased efficiency and efficacy inthe management of public institutions.
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Example of eExample of e--GovernanceGovernance
ApplicationsApplications Procurements:
Problems being targeted: Procurement bidding
processes have traditionally been carried out with
printed material, with the state devoting
budgetary resources to publishing and printing
forms and biding conditions. Similarly, there is a
lack of trust in the transparency of bidding
processes themselves, and in the announcementof awards.
Objective: To develop a model by which goods and
services procurements can be handled
electronically.
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Example of eExample of e--GovernanceGovernance
ApplicationsApplications One-Stop Window:
Problems being targeted: Some public services
require the participation of more than one
government agency. At present, to obtain these
services, it is necessary to go in person to each
agency, as they are not offered electronically.
Objective: One-stop windows are intended toprovide an economically viable access to
government services, so as to make it more
convenient and economical to carry out
transactions with government agencies. Thesewindows will be tailored to the needs of users of
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challengeschallenges
Very slow process with long gestation period Exposed to risk of ever changing priority
due to changing Heads of govt depts
Availability of connectivity, hardware, but not the
content
Skepticism from citizens due to delay in getting
widespread tangible benefits
Lack of commitment Lack of accountability
Lack of transparency
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THANK YOU