DisplayTechnologies
Corning: The Technology Behindthe Glass
Dr. David ChenDirector, Application Engineering and AsiaCommercial Technology TaiwanCorning Display Technologies Taiwan
June 13, 2008
2Display Technologies © Corning Incorporated 2008
Forward Looking And Cautionary Statements
Certain statements in this presentation constitute “forward looking
statements”within the meaning of the U.S. Private Securities
Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward looking statements arebased on current expectations and involve certain risks and
uncertainties. Actual results might differ from those projected in the
forward looking statements. Additional information concerningfactors that could cause actual results to materially differ from those
in the forward looking statements is contained in the Securities and
Exchange Commission filings of the Company.
3Display Technologies © Corning Incorporated 2008
Outline
• The history and future of electronic display:four waves of opportunity
• Corning’s contributions to a-Si AMLCD
• TV application and large-size trends
• Corning’s innovation portfolio for high-performanceportable applications
• A look ahead: enabling component solutionsfor reflective display
4Display Technologies © Corning Incorporated 2008
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a-Si TFT-LCDVersatility
P-Si/OLED
CRT
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Simplicity
Elegance
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Corning’s role in electronic display spans many decadesThe formula for success: scalable products and processes + enabling technologies
CRT
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Corning’s cathode ray tube display(1939 New York World’s Fair)
Centrifugal casting oflarge-size color TV funnels
High-frequency electric sealing
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a-Si TFT-LCD
Our innovation formula helped enable theAMLCD revolution
Versatility
Advanced application support
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Precision fusion forming andoptical melting processes
Innovative glasscompositions
7Display Technologies © Corning Incorporated 2008
AM-LCDRevolution
… within which Corning has made a number ofcontributions
InnovativeCompositions
ImprovedAttributes
Ever-largerSizes
Reliable Supply
8Display Technologies © Corning Incorporated 2008
01996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 20071995
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Two concurrent technology trends have evolvedduring this remarkable period of innovation
Larger Higher Performance Lower Cost
Large-size, high performance displays
Integration Higher performance New Form Factors
Small mobile devices
9Display Technologies © Corning Incorporated 2008
We have continued to increase Gen sizes tosupport the emergence of large-size LCD TV…
Year
InDevelopment
20062005
2004
2003
2002
20001995
1993
Gen 8
Gen 7
Gen 6
Gen 7.5
Gen 10
Gen 5
Gen 4Gen 3
Gen 2
LCD TV
InformationTechnology
10Display Technologies © Corning Incorporated 2008
History of substrate size increases
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1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 20071995
WorldwideGlass Demand
Gen 3 Gen 4 Gen 5 Gen 6 Gen 7 Gen 8
11Display Technologies © Corning Incorporated 2008
Gen 8 panelization
90%2426”
95%846”
97%1832”
94%3223”
90%652”
EfficiencyPanel #
Illustration showing Gen 8 substrate with six 52-inch panels
Gen 8 the current industry standard
12Display Technologies © Corning Incorporated 2008
Gen 10 will support a wide range of panel sizesGen 10 panelization
84%1837”
86%857”
89%1542”
84%2432”
84%665”
EfficiencyPanel #
Illustration showing Gen 10 substrate with eight 57-inch panels
13Display Technologies © Corning Incorporated 2008
Corning is locating Gen 10 glass manufacturing atSharp’s new manufacturing complex in Sakai City
Sharp site size:•~314 acres•Size of ~240 football fields
•Start-up timed with Sharp’scommercial plan
•Mutual economic benefits in logistics,inventory, and quality
Source: Sharp Corporation (aerial photo)
14Display Technologies © Corning Incorporated 2008
Three technology initiatives are critical to the successof Gen 10 manufacturing
Gen 10Gen 8
Extend Size
Increase Flow
Improve Glass Quality
+ +Lowest costLarge size Superior AttributesLowest costLarge size + +Lowest costLarge size Superior Attributes
15Display Technologies © Corning Incorporated 2008
Trends in visual performance are pushing glassattributes to higher performance levels
Faster response times Wider viewing anglesHigher contrast ratio
Contrast Ratio
Response Time
Viewing Angle
Brightness
Resolution
800:1
8 –12 ms
H: 170 / V: 160
300 –400 nits
Full HD –1920 x 1080
>5000:1
2 –5 ms
H: 178 / V: 178
450 –550 nits
Full HD
16Display Technologies © Corning Incorporated 2008
An active area of R&D in fundamental attributes—connecting sheet properties and mura
• The human eye has acertain sensitivity indetecting a contrast
• For a contrast to be visibleto the human eye, it mustexceed the minimaldetectable contrast i.e.,contrast threshold
• If the contrast > human eyecontrast threshold, it isobserved as mura on theLCD screen
can cause will causeGlass surfacenon-flatness
Cell gapthicknessvariation
Variation in the intensityof the transmitted light
or a contrast
Polarizer
ElectrodeCell Gap
Backlight
OutputLight
Substrate
32”VA mode module withcell gap of 3.7 um
17Display Technologies © Corning Incorporated 2008
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P-Si/OLED
Corning is also very active in delivering innovationsfor the portable device/LTPS/OLED markets
Elegance
18Display Technologies © Corning Incorporated 2008
Ultimate Light and Thin
Multiple Functionality
Long Battery Life
Vivid High Resolution Screen
Mechanically Robust
User Interface Versatility
High-functionality portable devices have a numberof application challenges…
19Display Technologies © Corning Incorporated 2008
Green Laser
Silicon-on-Glass
PolysiliconSubstrate
OLED Frit Sealing
Cover Glass
… and offer multiple opportunities for Corninginnovations
21Display Technologies © Corning Incorporated 2008
What is Jade™ ?• Jade glass for advanced display:
Designed specifically for high-performance portable devices
– Intended for low temperature polysilicon (LTPS)and active matrix OLED applications (AMOLED)
• Jade is a new composition that has thermal durability built into its glasschemistry for unparalleled high temperature performance
– Eliminates the need for heat treatment or polishing, which candegrade the surface quality, shape, and attributes of the glass
– Pristine surface quality with cleanliness near semiconductor levels
22Display Technologies © Corning Incorporated 2008
Post-formingheat treatment step
Some glass suppliers or customers employ a secondary heattreatment method to “stabilize”the glass
•“Pre-compacts”the glass for increased thermal stability, thereby reducingglass contributions to dimensional errors in LTPS process
However -•Introduces additional process complexity•Increases risk of the substrate introducing variability in sheet shape,
surface quality, or thermal properties
Results of heat treatment step:
a-Si glass Finishing process
23Display Technologies © Corning Incorporated 2008
Post-formingheat treatment stepa-Si glass Polishing process
•Prepares the surface for the extraordinary surface requirements arising fromthe demanding device design of the polysilicon backplane
However -•Introduces variability into customer process through substrate surface issues
–Polished substrate’s surface roughness is propagated into critical device features–Polished surface may increase likelihood of particle contamination–Polishing introduces non-uniformities across the substrate surface
Results of polishing step:
Other glass suppliers employ a secondary polishingstep in substrate finishing
24Display Technologies © Corning Incorporated 2008
Finishing process
Jade™ eliminates need for heat treatment or polishing
•New high viscosity glass eliminates need for additional heat treatment step•Product maintains dimensional stability and uniformity - critical to theLTPS process
•Elimination of pre-compaction step preserves benefits of fusion glass:–Pristine surface quality–Outstanding thickness and shape control–Flexible capacity and reliable supply
•Jade™ is stronger under mechanical stress than conventional a-Si glass
Fusion-formedp-Si glass: Jade™
25Display Technologies © Corning Incorporated 2008
Jade™ provides improved compaction variabilitythrough its glass chemistry
( )( )1 exp /C T Ktα η∆ = ∆ − −
• All thermal processes in panel manufacture have thermal gradients
• These gradients will result in a variation in dimensional changeaccording to the following formula:
T1
T2For high viscosity glasses, exp term goes to1 and ∆C = 0 no matter how big delta T is!
26Display Technologies © Corning Incorporated 2008
Jade™ has a more stable shape in high temperaturecustomer processes• Calculation and our experimental results show that high viscosity glass
(such as Jade) distort much less under a high temperature / timecondition
• wc - sag at center of glass• - viscosity (Pa sec)• - density (kg/m3)• - time duration w/ creep flow (sec)• - half length of the glass sheet (m)• t - thickness of glass sheet (m)
l
2
4
125.6tlTwC ⋅∆⋅=
ηρ
Time (Hours)
Jade™
a-Si Glass
Nor
mal
ized
def
lect
ion
[cm
]
Comparison of Visco-Elastic Behavior of Corning Inc. Glasses at 600 C (“Thermal Sag”)
ELASTIC DEFORMATION
VISCOUS DEFORMATION
117.24 [g] total load
32.53 [g] train load
(Conditions: Applied total load 117.24 [g] in the center , span 5.2 [cm], thickness: 0.07 [cm], width: 0.30 [cm], initial train load 32.53 [g])
27Display Technologies © Corning Incorporated 2008
Jade has higher strength than a-Si glassPositive ROR (Ring-on-Ring) Test Result
• Jade™ has a higher surface strength that should result in astronger end product.
ROR - Abraded, Water Saturated Air, Lab TemperatureWEIBULL DISTRIBUTION
Failu
re P
roba
bilit
y
Strength (MPa)
Jade™EAGLE2000®
1737G
EAGLE XG™
Jade™
Stre
ngth
(MP
a)
Stress Rate (MPa/s)
a-Si Glass
28Display Technologies © Corning Incorporated 2008
Now in development:Vita™ hermetic sealing solution for OLEDs
• Vita™ is a complete technologysolution for OLED manufacture
• Glass-based approach offers animpermeable seal, increasing thelifespan of OLEDs by locking outair and moisture
• Expected to launch later in 2008
29Display Technologies © Corning Incorporated 2008
TFT Backplane (LTPS)
Cavity Etched Cover Glass
RG B RG BRG B RG B RG B RG B RG B RG B
EpoxyDesiccant
Existing Solution
•Not hermetic –Limited lifetime•Cavity etch and desiccant –Cost ↑
•Top emission challenging•Impractical for devices over 10”
TFT Backplane (LTPS)
Cover Glass
RG B RG BRG B RG B RG B RG B RG B RG B
Glass SealCover Glass
•Hermetic•Proprietary sealing process•No cavity or desiccant•Facilitates top emission•Scalable to large size applications
Vita™
Glass-based approach offers an impermeable seal,increasing the lifespan of OLEDs
30Display Technologies © Corning Incorporated 2008
Combination of Jade™ and Vita™ representsa breakthrough for OLED displays• Two major technical barriers have slowed the growth of
the OLED industry and limited the OLED application tosmall displays
Sensitivity of OLEDs to moisture and oxygen
Polysilicon backplane performance: OLEDsrequire a backplane with much higherperformance than a conventional LCD
SolutionProblem
Introduction of these products will help OLED technologyscale up to larger applications
31Display Technologies © Corning Incorporated 2008
Silicon-on-glass to enable next-generation,high-performance electronic devices
Jade™glass substrate
Single crystalsiliconLCD/OLED TFT &driver circuits
Display
• Jade™ is an optimal glass substrate for SiOG• SiOG provides increased electron mobility and uniformity• Offers value to high-end small to medium size (3”to 11”) screens• Major consumer electronics firms actively participating in development
Polysilicon Technology
Single Crystal Silicon-on-glass
32Display Technologies © Corning Incorporated 2008
• Laser projectors offer severaladvantages vs. LED– Image quality– Size– Power consumption
• Projectors with Corning’s greenlaser technology were showcasedat CES and SID 2008
• Ongoing engagement withhandset and projectormanufacturers
• Planning capacity to meetmarket demand
Green lasers enable portable micro-projection devices
33Display Technologies © Corning Incorporated 2008
20401980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030
CRT PDP
Transmissive displays
OLEDp-Si TFT-LCDEmissive displays
Reflective displays
•Create new applications
•Non competing with LCD
•Potentially very largemarket
•Long term opportunities
a-Si TFT-LCD
* Graph is intended to show trends only. Curves are not quantitative.
Following emissive and transmissive technologies,reflective displays represent the next era in display
34Display Technologies © Corning Incorporated 2008
• Advantages of glass– O2 and H2O barrier– Chemically durable– Thermal capability– High surface quality– Bonding ability– Dimensional stability and elastic to
failure• No memory from repeated
stressing
• Challenges– Mechanical resistance and handling
100µm TFT-quality researchglass by Corning
• Drivers– Thin and light– Flexible and conformable– Roll-to-roll processing
Thin glass is an enabler of new form factors
36Display Technologies © Corning Incorporated 2008
Summary
• Corning has a sustained history of contributions toelectronic display
• In the area of active matrix LCD, we continue to drivescalable product and processes, innovative compositionsand R&D for advanced applications
• Innovations for portable applications include Jade™
substrates for LTPS & OLED applications and Vita™
hermetic sealing solutions for OLEDs
• Our forward-looking research portfolio includes componentsolutions for bi-stable reflective display