DEVELOPMENT
OF
SOUTH ASIAN GRID
WHY SOUTH ASIAN GRID ?
• Optimal Utilization of Natural Resources
• Opportunity of Energy Trading
• Economy of Scale
• Advantage of Peak diversity
• Minimization of Environmental Damages
SOUTH ASIAN COUNTRIES : COMMON FEATURES
• Abundant reserves of Natural resources
• Low per capita electricity consumption
• Deficit of Power & Fast Growth in Demand
• Common frequency of operation
• Similar voltage class
SOUTH ASIAN COUNTRIES : ENERGY RESOURCES
• Bangladesh – Dominated by natural gas
• India – Dominated by Coal
• Bhutan – High dependence on hydro
• Nepal – High dependence on hydro
• Pakistan – Largely petroleum and natural gas
• Sri Lanka – Dependence on petroleum
SOUTH ASIAN COUNTRIES:EXPLOITATION OF RESOURCES
In order to capture the benefit of resource sharing, as experienced all over the world, SARC Countries should also move forward collectively and explore the various possibilities.
• Large scale trading of coal and natural gas is limited due to constraints in its handling & transportation.
• Hydel energy can be traded through transmission network only.
• Therefore for bulk exchange of energy building up of a strong transmission network is the need of the day.
FEASIBILITY OF INTERCONNECTION
• India is centrally placed sharing boundaries with SAARC Countries.
• Vast Interconnected transmission network.
• Development of Strong National Grid on the Anvil.
INITIATIVE FROM INDIA
TOWARDS
SOUTH ASIAN GRID
INITIATIVES FROM INDIA
• Initiatives/Control for Power exchanges at
governmental level.
• Encouragement for setting up of new projects on sharing basis to harness natural resources.
• Continued exchange of energy based on
bilateral agreements.
ONGOING POWER EXCHANGE : INDIA AND NEPAL
• Over 16 links at 132/33/11 kV level.
• About 50 MW of power being exchanged.
• Net export from INDIA to NEPAL is around 10% of
total demand of Nepal.
• Supply of free power from Tanakpur (India) to Nepal
– 70MU/annum.
ONGOING POWER EXCHANGE : INDIA AND BHUTAN
• Interconnections with Chukha HEP through 220 kV Chukha-Birpara 3 ckts and all surplus power from Chukha is exported to India.
• Presently, this constitutes 75% to 80% of total power generated at Chukha.(1400MU/year)
• Earning to Bhutan - Rs. 140 crores/Annum.
• Part of this power re-exported to Bhutan to meet radial loads closer to Indian border.
• Kurichu HEP (4x15 MW) of Bhutan is also connected to Indian Grid (Salakati) at 132 kV.
SOUTH ASIAN GRID
THE FUTURE PROSPECTS
South Asian Grid - India and NepalSouth Asian Grid - India and Nepal
• Nepal expected to be surplus in power by 2002
• 3 nos. 132kV lines under construction between India & Nepal Butwal(Nepal) – Anandnagar(India) Birgunj(Nepal) – Motihari(India) Dalkebar(Nepal) – Sitamarhi(India)
• Large potential projects being considered for development and export of power to India West Seti HEP 750 MW Arun HEP 685 MW Pancheshwar HEP 6,500 MW
• EHV links planned for evacuation of power to India West Seti – Bareilly – Muradnagar 400 kV line Arun HEP – Muzaffarpur 400 kV line 400/765kV lines from Pancheshwar HEP to India
South Asian Grid - India and BhutanSouth Asian Grid - India and Bhutan
• Interconnection being established at 400kV level from Tala in Bhutan to Delhi in India for evacuation of power from Tala HEP(6x170MW)
• More hydro projects to come up in Bhutan Wangchu: 900MW Bunakha : 180MW Sankosh : 4060MW
• Power from these projects also to be imported by India
South Asian Gird - India and BangladeshSouth Asian Gird - India and Bangladesh
• East Zone of Bangladesh(generation dominated) shares border with the Eastern Region of IndiaBangladesh can supply power to Eastern India
• West Zone of Bangladesh(load dominated) shares border with the North-Eastern Region of India India can supply power to Western Bangladesh
• 2 nos. of 220kV links,one at each side, initially envisaged for limited exchange of about 150 MWKrishnanagar(Eastern India)-Ishurdi(Western Bangladesh)Shahjibazar(Eastern Bangladesh)-Kumarghat(N-E India)
South Asian Gird - India and BangladeshSouth Asian Gird - India and Bangladesh
• There are proposals to set up Gas projects by IPPs for selling power to India
• Scheme evolved for importing 1000 - 1500 MW power from Gas projects in Bangladesh
Establishment of a S/s at Krishna Nagar in West Bengal through LILO of Farakka-Jeerat 400 kV D/c line
Gen. station - Ishurdi (Bangladesh) 400 kV 2xD/c Ishurdi - Krishna Nagar (India) 400 kV 3 ckt. Krishna Nagar - Jamshedpur 400 kV D/c Jamshedpur - Rourkela 400 kV D/c
South Asian Grid – India and MyanmarSouth Asian Grid – India and Myanmar
• Govt. of Myanmar had proposed to develop Tamanthi HEP (12x100MW) across the river Chindwin
• About 700 to 800 MW power from this project might be transferred to India
• Myanmar shares boundary with North-Eastern Region of India
• 400kV links proposed for evacuation of power into India
Tamanthi – Badarpur – Misa – Siliguri line
South Asian Grid – India and Sri Lanka South Asian Grid – India and Sri Lanka
• Proposal for interconnection of Sri Lanka with
Southern Regional Grid of India under discussion
• Usage of HVDC bipole or HVDC back-to-back in
conjunction with AC lines suggested
SOUTH ASIAN GRID
THE ISSUES TO BE ADDRESSED
Issues to be addressed : Techincal
Firming –up the availability of power i.e. .• Quantum of power available for exchange• Periodicity of availability/Allocation of firm power
Identification of Reliability criteria.
Establishing the feasibility of interconnection.
Choice of interconnection and technology, considering – Right of way, Cost, Equipment availability etc.
Issues to be addressed : Operation of Interconnection
• Operating Code Establishment of Operating Code by the
participating countries
• Commercial arrangements Pricing of power
Payment Security Mechanism
Terms for Indemnification
Sharing of International Experience for Bulk Power Exchange
Issue to be addressed : Legal
• Legal arrangements
Firming up of procedures for dispute settlement and Arbitration
Applicability of Laws of Respective countries/ International Laws
• Institutional Arrangement
Identification/ Creation of Common Agency to regulate, Administer and Operationalize the Interconnection on long term basis
Establishment of Co-ordination Centres to Govern the Operational matters on Daily and Short Term basis
Issues to be addressed : Financial
possibilities of funding arrangement
Multilateral Funding
Private Investment
In either case following aspects are to be considered:Sale/ Purchase of Power on a sustained/ long term basis
Security of Payment / Signing of Covenant
Immunity to Political Changes and changes in Law