Did you know that Indian businesses pay royalties of more than USD 3 billion and receive royalties of
less than 400 million?
ipMetrix 3
Agenda
● Sustainable innovation
● Business Goals and IP Strategy
● IP policy/framework and process
● Tools for guidance and analysis – infringement analysis, competitor analysis, tech landscaping …
● Innovation frameworks – TRIZ, an example
● Identification and Protection
● Protection considerations/strategies
● Portfolio management
● Integration
● Myths
ipMetrix 4
A Framework
Innovation
IP PolicyFramework
IPStrategy
IP AnalysisTools
IdentificationAnd
Protection
PortfolioManagement
ipMetrix 5
IP Strategy for Business
● Technology Roadmap
● Market needs and competition
● Organizational competencies
● Investment
ipMetrix 6
IP Strategy for Business
● Role of IP
● Offensive vs Defensive
● Value creation vs Freedom to operate
● Profit center vs Cost center
ipMetrix 7
IP Strategy for Business
● Offensive – sticks and carrots
● Aggressive and focused R&D
● Out-licensing
● Defensive – freedom to operate
● Protection of business interests
● Internal R&D or in-licensing
● Stopping others from acquiring IP
ipMetrix 8
IPStrategy
ipMetrix 9
IP Policy
● IP acquisition
● Internal vs external
● Collaboration/ joint development
● Exploitation
● Commercialization
● Licensing
● Sale
● JV ...
ipMetrix 10
IP Policy
● IP monitoring
● Avoiding risks
● Ownership
● Role of stakeholders including employees
● Employee incentives ..
ipMetrix 11
IP PolicyFramework
IPStrategy
ipMetrix 12
Need for IP analysis
● Where do we start in developing IP portfolio?
● Which competitor IP can potentially block us?
● Which IP is required for freedom to operate?
● Which IP will be useful to block our competitors?
● Can we develop new IP that can improve your market presence?
● Is there IP that we cannot develop internally? If so, can we license such IP?
ipMetrix 13
IP Analysis Tools
● Infringement analysis
● Technology landscaping
● Technology trends and patterns
● Identify opportunities and threats
● Competitor monitoring
● Reverse engineering
● Patent updates
ipMetrix 14
Infringement Analysis
● Conduct patent search
● Classification/ assignee/ key words
● Identify relevant patent(s)
● Claim by claim and element by element analysis
● Literal infringement
● Infringement by Doctrine of equivalence
ipMetrix 15
Technology Landscaping
● Analyzing technology segments
● Preparing detailed taxonomy
● Patent search
● Classification / assignee / key words
● Patent screening and analysis
● Detailed reporting to analyze trends
● Identify opportunities and threats
ipMetrix 16
Detailed Taxonomy
ipMetrix 17
Reporting and Trend Analysis
ipMetrix 18
Competitor Monitoring
● Regular updates to technology landscape
● Alert services on new competitor IP
● Alert services on related technology IP
● Reverse engineering
ipMetrix 19
IP PolicyFramework
IPStrategy
IP AnalysisTools
ipMetrix 20
Innovation
ipMetrix 21
Innovation
● Innovation by trial and error
● Takes a long time
● Innovation through genius
● May not happen at all
ipMetrix 22
Innovation is incremental
“If Edison had the task to find a needle in a haystack, he would not lose time determining the
most probable location of it. He would immediately, with the diligence of a bee, begin picking up straw after straw until he found the
object of his search”- Nicola Tesla
ipMetrix 23
Innovation largely is incremental
ipMetrix 24
Illustration of the bulb..
● Elements so far..
● Enclosed bulb
● Filament
● Electric supply
Source: “Economics of IP and Innovation”, Pavan Mamidi, Mentor at
ipMetrix
ipMetrix 25
So what came next?
● The art of incremental invention…
● Sequential invention/innovation is the practice of drawing upon historical experience and improving upon it…
● How?
● Tinkering with the past;
● Distorting the past;
● Bearing the social and economic cost of distorting the past;
● Institutionalizing and respecting the madness that goes into distorting the past!
Source: “Economics of IP and Innovation”, Pavan Mamidi, Mentor at
ipMetrix
ipMetrix 26
Then came the diode..
● Someone played around with the past..
● His name was John Ambrose Fleming
● Basically tinkered around with the electric bulb, and introduced a new element – a ‘plate’…
● This became the basis for the phenomena of rectification in electric theory! Source: “Economics of IP and Innovation”, Pavan Mamidi, Mentor at
ipMetrix
ipMetrix 27
Then someone else came along…
● He tinkered around with the past even further!
● He introduced another new element – a small wire mesh between the filament and the plate (and could control the flow of electrons between them);
● This became the triode – which does something dramatically different from either an electric bulb or a diode – amplification!
Source: “Economics of IP and Innovation”, Pavan Mamidi, Mentor at
ipMetrix
ipMetrix 28
Then someone else came along…
● They tinkered around with the bulb and all it’s elements….and distorted it even further.
● They were ‘mad’ too!
● They incorporated the functionality of a triode into a silicone medium – thus was born the transistor…
Source: “Economics of IP and Innovation”, Pavan Mamidi, Mentor at
ipMetrix
ipMetrix 29
Once last time for the presentation….
● Not satisfied with history, some more mad people engaged in the process of creative destruction of the past…
● They incorporated hundreds of these transistors onto one common silicon chip – which later gave birth to the digital world and the silicon valley;
● To which you in particular owe your livelihoods today!
Source: “Economics of IP and Innovation”, Pavan Mamidi, Mentor at
ipMetrix
ipMetrix 30
TRIZ
ipMetrix 31
TRIZ
● Based on the principle that there is a method to madness in engineering innovation
● TRIZ – Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (Genrich S. Altshuller)
ipMetrix 32
TRIZ
● Systematic, step-by-step procedure
● Broad solution space to direct to ideal solution
● Repeatable and reliable
● Access to body of inventive knowledge
● Add to body of inventive knowledge
● Familiar enough to inventors
ipMetrix 33
Levels of inventiveness
Source: http://www.mazur.net/triz
ipMetrix 34
Principles of TRIZ
● Ideality
● Systems evolve towards increasing degrees of ideality: useful vs harmful effects
● Resource use
● Use of available resources
● Contradiction
● Identifying contradictions
● Repeating patterns
● Repeating patterns of problems-solutions
ipMetrix 35
Step-by-step process
● Identify problem
● Resource requirements, harmful effects
● Formulate problem
● Restate in terms of contradictions
● Search for solved problems
ipMetrix 36
TRIZ Method
SpecificProblem
GeneralProblem
SpecificSolution
GeneralSolution
ipMetrix 37
Framework
● Research on more than 300,000 patents
● 39 engineering parameters
● 40 inventive principles
ipMetrix 38
Leveraging Ideas
● 90% of raw ideas never go beyond the generator
● 3% of remaining 10% obtain sufficient backing
● Failure to attract a champion
“Developing communities of innovation by
identifying innovation champions”, Elayne
Coakes and Peter Smith.
ipMetrix 39
Caselet – Envelope
Improve loss of time vs
Deterioration in reliability
ipMetrix 40
Area of moving object vs
Temperature
Caselet – Shower Head
ipMetrix 41
Innovation
IP PolicyFramework
IPStrategy
IP AnalysisTools
ipMetrix 42
Identification and Protection
ipMetrix 43
Identification
● Conduct regular audits
● Technology audit
● Process audit
● Review outcome of innovation exercises
● Identify potential IP based on business goals
● Perform risk analysis
● Ensure confidentiality of information
ipMetrix 44
Protection
● First to file (India)
● Territorial
● Filing strategies
● National vs Foreign vs Convention vs PCT
ipMetrix 45
Innovation
IP PolicyFramework
IPStrategy
IP AnalysisTools
IdentificationAnd
Protection
ipMetrix 46
Portfolio Management
ipMetrix 47
Portfolio Management
● Identifying IP
● Builiding a portfolio of IP towards business goals
● Working on improvements
● Licensing strategies (In and Out)
● Competitor monitoring
● Maintenance of existing portfolio
● Issued and in-process
ipMetrix 48
Portfolio Management
● Patent process: 3-4 year process
● Filing
– Provisional and complete
● 18M publication
– Early publication
● Examination
– Multiple iterations of examination reports and responses
● Recordal
● Corrections
● Issue
● Clarifications from patent office
ipMetrix 49
Innovation
IP PolicyFramework
IPStrategy
IP AnalysisTools
IdentificationAnd
Protection
PortfolioManagement
ipMetrix 50
Integration and other concerns
ipMetrix 51
R&D and IP Integration
ipMetrix 52
Innovation
IP PolicyFramework
IPStrategy
IP AnalysisTools
IdentificationAnd
Protection
PortfolioManagement
ipMetrix 53
Take aways..
● IP is first techno-commercial
● The process may be legal
● IP is real and is here to stay
● IP is essential and not a necessary evil
● IP is value and not cost
● IBM, TI, Cisco, ARM, Intel, Motorola..
● Innovation can be streamlined and IP can be generated through that process
Recommended
