Detention and Interrogation
Defense Institute of International Legal Studies
Regional Defense Combating Terrorism Fellowship Program
I. Law Enforcement and Individual Rights
II. U.N. Approach
III. U.S. Approach
IV. Arrest
V. Initial Detention
VI. Detention
VII. Interrogation
VIII. Right to Counsel
IX. Conclusion
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Introduction:Module Objectives
• Participants will be able to describe the UN and US approach to balancing enforcement with rights
• Participants will be able to list rights upon arrest, detention, and interrogation
• Participants will be able to describe the right to counsel and its relevance
I. Law Enforcement and Individual Rights
II. U.N. Approach
III. U.S. Approach
IV. Arrest
V. Initial Detention
VI. Detention
VII. Interrogation
VIII. Right to Counsel
IX. Conclusion
I. Law Enforcement and Individual Rights
• Basic standards
• Objectives
• Compare military and police
• Mindset
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II. The U.N. Approach
• Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)
• International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR)
• Body of Principles for Protection of All Persons under Any Form of Detention or Imprisonment (BPDI)
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I. Law Enforcement and Individual Rights
II. U.N. Approach
III. U.S. Approach
IV. Arrest
V. Initial Detention
VI. Detention
VII. Interrogation
VIII. Right to Counsel
IX. Conclusion
III. The U.S. Approach
• Fourth Amendment – Prohibition against unreasonable search and seizure.
• Fifth Amendment - Cannot compel self-incrimination
• Exclusionary Rule - Violation of Fourth/Fifth Amendment rights may render evidenceinadmissible5
I. Law Enforcement and Individual Rights
II. U.N. Approach
III. U.S. Approach
IV. Arrest
V. Initial Detention
VI. Detention
VII. Interrogation
VIII. Right to Counsel
IX. Conclusion
III. The U.S. Approach
• Sixth Amendment - Speedy Trial and Assistance of Counsel
• Eighth Amendment - Prohibits Cruel and Unusual Punishment
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I. Law Enforcement and Individual Rights
II. U.N. Approach
III. U.S. Approach
IV. Arrest
V. Initial Detention
VI. Detention
VII. Interrogation
VIII. Right to Counsel
IX. Conclusion
IV.Arrest
• Probable cause required
• Authority to apprehend
• Rights in private dwelling
• Inform individual cause of arrest
• Use of force in apprehension
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I. Law Enforcement and Individual Rights
II. U.N. Approach
III. U.S. Approach
IV. Arrest
V. Initial Detention
VI. Detention
VII. Interrogation
VIII. Right to Counsel
IX. Conclusion
V. Initial Detention
• Brought promptly before a judge
• Information on charges and rights
• A judicial authority shall review the continuance of detention
• Probable cause required
• Speedy trial within reasonable time
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I. Law Enforcement and Individual Rights
II. U.N. Approach
III. U.S. Approach
IV. Arrest
V. Initial Detention
VI. Detention
VII. Interrogation
VIII. Right to Counsel
IX. Conclusion
VI. Detention
• Communication with family
• Legal Counsel
• Visitation
• Oversight
• Records
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I. Law Enforcement and Individual Rights
II. U.N. Approach
III. U.S. Approach
IV. Arrest
V. Initial Detention
VI. Detention
VII. Interrogation
VIII. Right to Counsel
IX. Conclusion
VI. Detention
• UN treaties state that places of detention shall be visited regularly by qualified inspectors
• Ensure compliance with standards
• Detainees should have the right to communicate freely and with full confidentiality with inspector
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I. Law Enforcement and Individual Rights
II. U.N. Approach
III. U.S. Approach
IV. Arrest
V. Initial Detention
VI. Detention
VII. Interrogation
VIII. Right to Counsel
IX. Conclusion
VII. Interrogation
• Interrogation: questions and conduct implemented to encourage answers to questions
• Ensure compliance with standards
• UN Convention Against Torture
• Prohibits conduct that would inflict severe physical or mental pain or suffering11
I. Law Enforcement and Individual Rights
II. U.N. Approach
III. U.S. Approach
IV. Arrest
V. Initial Detention
VI. Detention
VII. Interrogation
VIII. Right to Counsel
IX. Conclusion
VIII. Right to Counsel
• Assistance of Counsel
• UN principle: detained persons have a right to legal counsel
• State provided or private counsel may be utilized
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I. Law Enforcement and Individual Rights
II. U.N. Approach
III. U.S. Approach
IV. Arrest
V. Initial Detention
VI. Detention
VII. Interrogation
VIII. Right to Counsel
IX. Conclusion
IX. Conclusion
US and UN standards for detained person are designed to ensure:
Humane treatment, safety, respect for rule of law and to give the detained person access to oversight and judicial process
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I. Law Enforcement and Individual Rights
II. U.N. Approach
III. U.S. Approach
IV. Arrest
V. Initial Detention
VI. Detention
VII. Interrogation
VIII. Right to Counsel
IX. Conclusion