• Tim de Lange Msc. Bsc.
• InnoSys Delft BV
• Electric drive trains and electricity storage systems
DC + Storage = Full Potential
DC + Storage = Full Potential
• InnoSys Delft BV Current Activities:
• Finishing the motor drive of a 100hp budget drive train
• Introduction of the 700Vdc on board EV charger
• Test Evs from Essent and Enexis second life: extension to onboard 700Vdc
21kW charging
• Storage systems with second life EV batteries. 350/700Vdc compatibility
DC + Storage = Full Potential
DCDC converter with energy saving lamp • Low cost • 30kHz switching frequency • COTS components • High efficient • 600 Watts • 1998
DC + Storage = Full Potential
• 18 kWhrs/1000 km • 168 VDC • 5,5 kWhr • 10 HP • CdS 0,011 • 140 kgs • 300 kms @100 kph • 30 kgs of battery • Payload 200 kgs
DC + Storage = Full Potential
• 165 kWhrs/1000 km • 370 VDC • 32 kWhr • 200 HP • CdS 0,63 • 1600 kgs • 190 kms range @100 kph • 280 kgs of battery • Payload 500 kgs
• 155 kWhrs/1000 km • 110 VDC • 20 kWhr • 40 HP • CdS 0,63 • 1200 kgs • 140 kms range @100 kph • 170 kgs of battery • Payload 400 kgs
DC + Storage = Full Potential
• 60 kWhrs/1000 km • 148 VDC • 25 kWhr • 80 HP • CdS 0,21 • 900 kgs • 400 kms range @100 kph • 195 kgs of battery • Payload 400 kgs
DC + Storage = Full Potential
Current status: 1- / 3-phase charger 3 / 9 kW 230 / 400Vac 18kg Now: 60km/hr
Soon: 180km/hr
DC + Storage = Full Potential
In development: 700Vdc / 21kW 12kg Now: 180km/hr
Soon: 350km/hr
DC + Storage = Full Potential
AC charging speeds Ranges [km/hr @ 9 kW]: [km/8hr]: Rural / dirt road: - Minibus: 27 200 - Normal car: 40 250 - InnoCar: 120 500 Urban area: - Minibus: 40 250 - Normal car: 60 350 - InnoCar: 180 650
DC charging speeds Ranges [km/hr @ 21 kW]: [km/8hr]: Rural / dirt road: - Minibus: 65 350 - Normal car: 100 450 - InnoCar: 300 650 Urban area: - Minibus: 100 450 - Normal car: 150 600 - InnoCar: 350 750
DC + Storage = Full Potential
DC + Storage = Full Potential
DC + Storage = Full Potential
DC + Storage = Full Potential
DC + Storage = Full Potential
DC:
• Gives electric transportation more mileage, without really changing cars
• Gives most flexibility in choosing your charging system (induction/wire)
• Makes use of the energy sources that South Africa already has
• Enables cheaper rural high power generation
• Enables cheaper high power charging infrastructures
• Increases charging power with less copper needed
• Renewable transport where there are no power lines yet
• Can boost both rural and city economies (less distribution of fuels)
• Provides employment (production of cars / components / assembly)
• System integral thinking makes E-transport and mobile power supply
superior NOW, instead of getting stuck in future thinking
DC + Storage = Full Potential
Charge Infrastructure Challenges:
• AC network on long term ‘too soft’ for PFC chargers in Evs
• DC-fication of networks needs to be done in safe steps: DC charge station
for EV
• DC on board charging when one cán and DC off board charging when one
hás to.
• DC-fication home vs DC-fication in the street: Senseo?!
DC + Storage = Full Potential
DC + Storage = Full Potential
DC + Storage = Full Potential
Battery Life Experience:
• Essent (200.000km+)
• Enexis (200.000km+)
• InnoSys Delft BV (100.000km+ early days)
• Swollen cells
• Voltage dip
• Remaining capacity
• 5C rating vs 0.5C rating
DC + Storage = Full Potential
Modularity B2G / Distribution :
• Block voltages 24V-120V
• Opted network voltage 350/700Vdc
• DCDC converter: high efficient / low price
• High efficient -> low cooling investment
• Hot swappable
• Multi-inverter ‘transformer / storage’ cabinet 19” rack
DC + Storage = Full Potential
DC + Storage = Full Potential
Compatibility Electric Grid:
• All electric society vs good old ac networks
• DC advantages:
• Always power factor 1
• No reactive power billing
• No distortion
• Higher efficiency due to solid state electronics
• Smaller equipment
• Easier network management: EV is buffer
• Second life business model EV batteries
DC + Storage = Full Potential