Analog Computing
Analog computers measure data
on a scale with many values
Digital Computers
• Work with data with a fixed value• Bits = 0 or 1
Digital Computers
Smallest unit = Bit
Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit = Byte
Digital Computers
Digital Computers
Smallest unit = Bit
Bit is short for binary digit
Input
Processing
Output
Storage
Input
Raw Data entered into a
computer
=
Input
Devices
Input Device - Types
Text Audio Graphic Video
MouseKeyboard
Scanner
Digital Video Camera
Digital Camera
Microphone
Barcode Reader
Webcam
Touch Screen
OCR Scanner
Joystick
Inputting Sound
Sound Card
• Changes sound from
audio to digital
• Processes the sound
• Reverses process and
turns sound back to
analog form
Inputting Still Images
Scanner• A lot like a fax machine
• Converts pictures to
digital files that a
computer can read
• OCR – Optical Character
Recognition
Converts image of
text to editable text
Inputting Still Images
Digital Camera
• Takes image from the
lens and makes a digital
file readable by a
computer
• Has a memory card for
storage
Inputting Video
Digital
Video Camera • Records moving images
in digital form
• Video Card changes
analog video to digital
form
Output
Displays results of processing
Text Audio
Graphic Video
Output Devices
Hardware
Can be
peripherals
Output
4 Output Device - Types
Text Audio Graphic Video
Monitor MonitorMonitor
PrinterPrinter
Television
Projector
Speakers
Headphones
Specialized
Output Devices
• Circuit board
• Changes data into
electrical currents and
send them to the
monitor
• VRAM is video memory
that processes only
video
Video
Adapter
Specialized
Output Devices
• Has 2 LCD panels
• Sends video images to
computer
• Virtual reality
• CAVE is a virtual reality
room
Headsets
Specialized
Output Devices
• Lets computer read
text files aloud
• Allows computer to
create music
Speech
Synthesis
Software
MIDI
Group Computing
• Supercomputers – largest
Used by large corporations
• ServersLarge corporations
Small business
• MainframesMostly
Government
Individual Computing
• WorkstationsRobust and powerful PC
used for complex work
architects and engineers
• Desktop computers
• Laptop Computers
• Tablets & Smart Phones
What is Input?
• Data
words, numbers, images
• Software Instructions
Performs a job
• User Commands
Clicking an icon in a software program
• Responses
Answering a question asked by software
Text Graphics
Sound Video
What is Output?
• Results of processing
What Output Device?
• Text
• Graphics
• Video
• Audio
Monitor
Monitor
Monitor
Printer
Printer
Television
Projector
SpeakersHeadphones