Comparison of Jamestown and Plymouth
17th century settlements
Motivations for Jamestown Colonization
• Economic prosperity• Single men hoped to make
fortunes in Virginia and return to England
• Previous explorers brought home tales of vast amounts of gold and other valuable resources.
• English wanted to prevent Spanish and French from expanding territorial claims in North America.
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Motivations for Plymouth Colonization
• Religious freedom• Puritans persecuted for
rebelling against the Church of England
• Felt Church of England had not completed the work of the Reformation and was still too close to Roman Catholicism
• English wanted to prevent Spanish and French from expanding territorial claims in North America.
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Founding of Jamestown Colony
• Founded 1607• Funded by London
Company, a private enterprise
• Charter granted by King James, but not funded
• Company recruited people with promises that gold could be found by those who made trip
• King made decisions on government of colony
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Founding of Plymouth Colony• Founded 1620• Funded by London joint-
stock company• Separatists granted land
in Virginia, but instead settled in Massachusetts after going off course
• Signed Mayflower Compact to provide self-governing guidelines since were not settling in Virginia
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Early Difficulties in Jamestown• Laziness of colonists• There were few
expectations that manual labor would be required
• Depended on Native Americans for food
• Disease and starvation killed 80% of colonists in the first year
• Failed attempts to befriend natives led to confrontations
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Early Difficulties in Plymouth
• Mayflower arrived in Plymouth on Dec. 21
• During harsh winter 54% died
• Early attempts at growing crops failed
• Taught how to grow crops by Squanto
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Factors of Jamestown Success
• Captain John Smith takes control of government
• “No work, no eat” policy• Firm leadership gives
direction during difficult early colonization
• Growing tobacco made the land of the colony valuable
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Factors of Plymouth Success• Strength of Mayflower
Compact• William Bradford and Miles
Standish provide leadership
• Pilgrims able to grow corn (taught from natives)
• Initial cooperation of native population and Pilgrims allows for the growth of the colony
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