Launching a New Republic Chapter 9:
Before, you learned: that the new Constitution. . ?
Now you will learn:
• George Washington and his advisers faced many challenges during his presidency. Name some . . .
• These precedents established by George Washington, including the cabinet and a two-term presidency, & Neutrality in foreign policy• Establishment of a national bank
Serves as a guide to the new govt
Read “One American’s Story” p. 313
According to Thomson, why was Washingtonchosen as president?
What does Thomson mean by the“voice of America?”
& think about:
Launching a New Republic Chapter 9:
1) Describe the decisions made by Washington and Congress that established precedents for later years.
2) Summarize Hamilton’s plan to address the nation’s economic & financial issues.
• Today’s Learning Targets:
Think, Pair, Share:Preview section 9.1 and name some
early decisions made by Washington & Congress:
Congress passed the : 2 decisions that established precedents for later years
1. Congress created the Federal court system
What did theFederal JudiciaryAct, 1789 establish?
What departmentsdid Washington & whom did he appointto head them?
2. State, War, Treasury, Justice,& Postal Service*Washington called upon the cabinetfor advice.
The Constitution left many matters to be decided by Congress:
What was the purpose of Washington’sCabinet?
To assist and advise the president on the nations issues.
Washington’s cabinet:
Cabinet Member Responsibilities
Alexander Hamilton Treasury; Managed nation’s money/economy
Thomas Jefferson State; oversaw foreignaffairs
Henry Knox War; managed defenses
Edmund Randolph Attorney General; Advised on legal affairs
Obama’s cabinet:
What economic problems did the new government face?
Paying off war debts,
Creating a financial plan to handle debt agreed to by Congress
Encourage national business growth
Hamilton’s Economic Policy & financial plan
Pay off the state’s war debts/to win respect of foreign nations & U.S. citizens
Impose tariffs on imported goods and encourage Americans to produce more goods
Raise government revenues
His Plan How & goals?
Federal govt would take over all state war debts
5.
6.
Hamilton’s financial plan
Create a national bank
Safe place for govt to deposit money & loan money to businesses & to print money
BUT . . . to strengthen the economy, aNational bank was “necessary and proper” & Congress has the authority to take such action
(Article 1, Section 8, Clause 18)The Elastic Clause
Based on Amendment 10, the Federal government doesn’t have the authority to create a bank
Hamilton argued for a “loose” interpretation of the Constitution
His Plan How & goals?
7.
8.
Hamilton’s economic & financial plan
They interpreted the Constitution in a “strict” way – and believed the government
could only do what was listed.
Why would Thomas Jefferson & James Madison oppose the creation
of the national bank?
President Washington sided with:
Alexander Hamilton
The Bank of the United States was set up in 1791 by the Congress
deposits loans
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YRKfhmlgq2g
The Presidents – George Washington~ 11:00 minutes
How A Tariff Works
To make .50 cents profit, what is the selling price of each?
$4.50
$5.50 Which would you buy? Effect?
$4.50$5.00
How did Hamilton and Jefferson differ in their interpretation of the Constitution?
Jefferson was a:
Strict constructionist (interpretation) – a strict or narrow interpretation of the Constitution. The Government only has the powers listed in the Constitution – It can’t dowhat’s not listed!
Therefore, Jefferson (& Madison) argued that:
Since the Constitution does not mention a National bank, the government cannot create one
Hamilton was a:
loose constructionist (interpretation( - a broad or flexible interpretation of the Constitution
Pointing to the Elastic Clause in theConstitution, he argued that the bankwas “necessary and proper” to carry outthe government duties
When the Constitution grants power to Congress, it also grants Congress the “necessary and proper” mean to carry out that power
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Now, imagine it’s the 1790’s.
Write a letter to the editor that either supports or opposes Hamilton’s plan for a national bank.
*Letters should show an understandingof the function and purpose of a national bank and state opinions about it based upon your understanding.
Primary Source Quotation“I have now Sir to inform you that… yourpatriotism and your readiness to sacrifice…private enjoyments to preserve the happinessof your Country (convinced Congress to acceptthis great and important office to which you arecalled not only by unanimous votes of the electors but by the voice of America.”)
Circle the word that tells how many voted for Washington
Underline the reasons why the electors votedfor Washington.
What phrase tells Washington that he now representsthe people of the United States?