Download ppt - College of DuPage Library Revised 2/09 APA Citation Style Documenting Sources: References List & In-text Citations

College of DuPage Library Revised 2/09

APA Citation Style

Documenting Sources: References List & In-text Citations


Why Use APA Format?

Allows readers to locate your sources easily. Provides consistent format within a discipline. Protects you from plagiarism. Gives you credibility as an author.


Where Do I Find the APA Format?

Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (5th ed., 2001)The “Bible” of the APA style. Often called the “APA Manual.”

APA Style Guide to Electronic References (2007). Update to the Publication Manual.

C.O.D. Library Web sitewww.cod.edu/library > Citing Sources > APAExamples and other helpful Web sites


Title Page

Papers in APA style require a title page. Include the paper’s title and your name,

course, professor’s name, date. Ask your instructor for title page

requirements! Student Paper Example


Paper Format

Ask your instructor for requirements! 12 pt. Times Roman font preferred or a non-

serif font, but ask your instructor. Double-spaced. 1 inch margins. Abbreviated title is header for all pages. Pages are numbered.


Quotations: Examples

See pages 117-118 in the APA manual. Also see OWL (Purdue University) Web site


Paraphrasing: Examples

See pages 349-350 in the APA manual. Also see OWL (Purdue University) Web site


Complete Paper Example

Student Paper Example Also see example in APA manual.


APA References List

Called “References,” alphabetized by item (author or title).

A list of every source that you make reference to in your paper.

Provides the information necessary for a reader to locate and retrieve any sources cited in your paper.

Each source cited in the paper must appear on the References list, and vice versa.


References List: Example

Student paper example Go to the end of the paper to see the “References.”


Reference Citations

Citations should contain the following information: author’s name, title of work, publication information, to the extent that you can find this information about the source.


Book: Example

Schneck, C. (2007). Sleep: The mysteries, the

problems, and the solutions. New York:Avery.

Citations should be double-spaced with a hanging indent.


Article in Reference Book (e.g. Encyclopedia): Example

Frey, R. J. (2003). Post-traumatic stress disorder. In The Gale encyclopedia of mental disorders (Vol. 2, pp. 786-789). Detroit: Gale.



Chapter/Article in Edited Book: Example

Mattia, J.I., & Zimmerman, M. (2001). Epidemiology. In W.J. Livesley (Ed.), Handbook of personality disorders: Theory, research, and treatment (pp. 107-123). New York: Guilford Press.



Journal Article (Print): Example

Verona, E., & Kilmer, A. (2007). Stress exposure and affective modulation of aggressive behavior in men and women.

Journal of Abnormal Psychology 116(2), 410-421.



Journal Article (electronic, from subscription database) with no DOI: Example

Norvilitus, J. M., Szablicki, P. B., & Wilson, S. D. (2003). Factors influencing levels of credit-card debt in college students. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 33(5), 935-947. Retrieved January 27, 2009, from Academic OneFile

database.



Journal Article (electronic, from subscription database) with DOI: Example

Andersson, G. (2009). Foster children: A longitudinal study of placements and family relationships. International Journal

of Social Welfare, 18(1), 13-26. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2397.2008.00570.x


Web Site (No Author): Example

Obsessive-compulsive disorder. (2007, September 16). National Institute of Mental Health. Retrieved September 30,

2007, from http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-ocd/index.shtml



Web Site (No Date): Example

Archer, Z. (n.d.). Exploring nonverbal communication. Retrieved February 10, 2009, from http://zzyx.ucsc.edu/~archer



Image: Example

Netter, F. (2005). Heart [Electronic illustration]. Retrieved February 10, 2009,

from http:// www.usip.edu/museum/netter_detail3.htm.


Image (No Author, No Title, No Date): Example

[Untitled image of a chest X-ray]. Retrieved February 10, 2009, from

http://www.merritt.edu/~radte/.


Other Examples

Go to Web sites listed on the Citing Sources page under “Other Resources” for more examples and explanations.

Google it! e.g. magazine article APA style, but be careful to use a good Web site.


In-text Citations

Sometimes called parenthetical citations. Done within the text of your paper after

you’ve quoted or paraphrased from a source. Each source cited in the paper must appear

on your “References” list, and vice versa.


Example of “Signal Phrase”

Social historian Richard Sennett (1980) names the tendency to come to terms with difficult experiences a "purification process" whereby "threatening or painful dissonances are warded off to preserve intact a clear and articulated image of oneself and one’s place in the world" (p. 11).


Another Type of In-Text Citation

The tendency to come to terms with difficult experiences is referred to as a "purification process" whereby "threatening or painful dissonances are warded off to preserve intact a clear and articulated image of oneself and one’s place in the world" (Sennett, 1980, p.11).


Source with No Author: Example

Several critics of the concept of the transparent society ask if a large society would be able to handle the complete loss of privacy ("Surveillance Society," 1998, p. 115).

Use an abbreviated version of the title.


Help with APA Citation

Citing Sources page on Library’s Web site Library’s Reference Desk—in person, email,

or IM Writing & Reading Center

IC 3040 & Library 3018(630) 942-3355 or make appointment online