Coastal Regulation Zone Informationof Tamil Nadu

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Introduction

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Introduction: The Coastal Zone, the meeting place of land, sea and air, is a dynamic area with many cyclic and

random processes owing to a variety of resources and habitats. Nearly three quarters of the worldpopulation live near or on the coast, as found to be true in India also, which has about 7,500 km of coastline with many sprawling and still growing coastal cities. The coastal regulation is thus a place of hectichuman activity, followed by intense urbanization, resulting in human interference because of rapiddevelopment. The coastal ecosystem is now highly disturbed and very much threatened, by problems likepollution, siltation, erosion, flooding, salt water intrusion, storm surges and ever expanding humansettlements. As the only way to combat these problems and to preserve the coastal zone for futuregeneration, the concept of coastal zone management has been developed by many countries around theworld. The need for such a programme in our country is most urgent and highly imperative. To conservethe coastal ecosystem, the then prime minister Mrs. Indira Gandhi suggested keeping the coast line freefrom all developmental activities within 500 m of the High Tidal line and made an announcement in theparliament and also advised the Coastal states to regulate development along the coast on 27thNovember1981(lr.No.762-PMD/81)

Coast of Tamil Nadu: Tamil Nadu coast is nearly 950km long, endowed with a variety of coastal habitats like coralreef, mangroves, seaweeds and sea grass bed, salt marshes, sand dunes, ports, fishing harbours andvariety of coastal industries. The increasing population combined with other factors offer great stress oncoastal zone and often leads to degradation and erosion of the coastal areas. There is an urgent need toprotect this coastal environment while ensuring its continued production and development. Hence, therearises a need to collect, analyze and assess the data for the effective monitoring and management of thecoastal area. The GIS is a computer based information system that is designated to work with datareferenced by spatial or geographic coordinates. GIS has played an extremely important role in resourcemanagement, environment monitoring, land use/land cover planning activities. GIS provides a system thatcan be used for routine analysis of coastal management.

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