Transcript
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DECON1©

RESPONSE PHASEDECONTAMINATION©

© 1997 Lockheed Martin Energy Research Corporation

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DecontaminatiDecontaminationon

• Reduction of contamination

• Eliminating, or reducing, harmful effects

DECON2©

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Any Method Based On Any Method Based On PrinciplesPrinciples

• Destroy agent through chemical change

• Remove agent

• Physically shield agent

DECON3©

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Need for DeconNeed for Decon

• Except for decon of people, extensive decon not required for most chemical agent release scenarios

• Only liquid releases (including droplets and aerosols) pose

risk of significant environmental contamination

• Because agent in liquid form settles out of air relatively quickly, contamination generally confined to short distance from point of release

• Off-post contamination presents significant risk to public

only in event of very large liquid release in air—low probability of occurrence

DECON4©

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Appendix L, CSEPP Planning Guidance

• Provides standards on how to plan for decon in

event of significant chemical agent release

• Addresses priorities and procedures for decon planning

DECON5©

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Appendix L, CSEPP Planning Guidance

DECON6©

• Does not provide policy on specific identification of sites or areas that may require decon capability or provision of resources to those that do

• Those policies and guidelines may be affected by results of ongoing studies regarding liquid agent deposition

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• Do it fast

• Do it rightDECON7©

With chemical agents ...

... must remove victim from the agent source

... must remove agent from contaminated personnel

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How To DeconHow To Decon

CAUTION: Do not use bleach solution in, or around, the eyes; use plain water instead

DECON8©

BLEACH

Agent toxicity destroyed by contact with undiluted household bleach (neutralizes agent)

1 gallon of bleach needed per person, on average

Rinse person with clean water

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When and Where To DeconWhen and Where To Decon

DECON9©

• Primarily at location where exposure occurred (Self and Buddy Decon)Also • At established Decon Stations

• When Emergency Medical Personnel treat exposed persons

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DECON10©

1. Known or suspected of being contaminated and requiring prompt medical attention

2. Exhibiting signs/symptoms of agent exposure

3. Known to be contaminated but not exhibiting signs/symptoms and not urgently in need of medical attention

4. Suspected of being contaminated but showing no signs of agent toxicity

Priorities for Decontaminationof People

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Handling Contaminated Handling Contaminated ArticlesArticles

• Must handle safely to avoid further contamination

• Must provide means to store and dispose of contaminated materials

• Bag and seal personal belongings, label with person’s name and other identification and store for later disposition

DECON11©

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Key Key PointsPoints• Decontamination must be done immediately

and must be done right

• Most likely place to perform decon of people is at location where exposure occurred— often self and buddy decon

• Household bleach is recommended solution for removing and neutralizing nerve/blister agent

• Blot, don't wipe; get crevices well; rinse with water afterwards

• Don't use bleach in and around eyesDECON12©

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SELF AND BUDDY

DECONTAMINATION

DECON15©

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Self And Buddy DeconSelf And Buddy Decon

Objectives: Define decontaminationstorage of

personal belongings and items such as wigs, toupees, hearing aids, eyeglasses and artificial limbs

DECON16©

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Why Self and Buddy DeconWhy Self and Buddy Decon Person decons him/herself or teams up

with another and the two decon each other

Buddy Decon is best—easier and allows for more thorough rinsing of places that are difficult to reach (back, buttocks, back of legs)

Don’t wait to be “officially”

decontaminated by special decon personnel

DECON17©

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Begin immediately by removing all clothing Cut off clothing normally removed over head

Remove eyeglasses or contact lenses

If eyeglasses needed to evacuate, soak in bleach 5 minutes, rinse thoroughly with plain water

Self and Buddy Decon Self and Buddy Decon ProceduresProcedures

DECON18©

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Remove Extraneous Items

DECON18A©

Remove extraneous items from contact with skin (wigs, toupees, hearing aids, artificial limbs)

If artificial limb required to safely evacuate, remove it, wipe it down with bleach, allow to air for 5 minutes or longer, rinse with clean water, and reattach

Bag artificial limbs not needed for evacuation

Carry those bagged to decon station

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Flush eyes with lots of plain water

Wash face and hair with warm soapy water;

rinse with plain lukewarm water

After washing with bleach, rinse with lots of water

Self and Buddy DeconProcedures

DECON19©

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DECON20©

Self and Buddy Decon Procedures

J. Doe213-45-1422

Put on fresh clothing Bag contaminated articles. Bring bag with critical items such as eyeglasses or artificial limbs to decon station

Proceed to nearest decon station

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Materials And Materials And SuppliesSupplies

Liquid household bleach (undiluted) Water Scissors Cloths Plastic buckets Polyvinylchloride bags Clean clothes

Optional Contact lens removers

DECON21©

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Decontamination Decontamination Station Station

OperationsOperations

DECON25©

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Decontamination Station Operations

Objectives:

Define decontamination

DECON26©

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DECON27©

Decontamination Station Operations

Objectives:

Demonstrate collection and storage of personal belongings and external items such as wigs, toupees, hearing aids, eyeglasses and artificial limbs

Demonstrate collection and disposal of contaminated waste includingused decon solutions rinse water

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Must provide Visual screening without restricting

flow of fresh air Adequate showers Adequate water supply Adequate electricity supply Adequate collection and containment

of used decon solutions, rinse water, and other contaminated wastes

DECON28©

Decon Decon FacilityFacility

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Decon Station PersonnelDecon Station Personnel

DECON29©

Decon station personnel should be trained, equipped, and clothed to safely decon any person suspected of being contaminated before assisting in the decon facility

Protective clothing and equipment should be approved for use with chemical agents

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Decon Station ProceduresDecon Station Procedures

Persons should go through decon station even if they have performed self or buddy decon

Most can go through decon sequence with minimal assistance from Attendants

Those impaired by agent exposure, injury,

poor health, or other handicaps may require assistance or special equipment (mesh stretcher for injured, boatswain’s chair for wheelchair users)

DECON30©

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Males and females should enter separate decon facilities, if possible

Young children should be permitted to accompany parent of either sex

Decontamination should be performed according

to priorities listed

DECON31©

Decon Station Procedures

1.

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Collect personal property such as billfolds and items such as wigs, hearing aids, and artificial

limbs

Remove all clothing. Any clothing normally removed over the head should be cut off

Attendants should bag and seal items in agent-impermeable bag, label with person’s name and identification, and place in secure storage for later disposition

DECON32©

Decon Station Procedures

J. Doe213-45-1422

2.

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Remove potentially contaminated eyeglasses and contact lenses Interview or evaluate wearer to determine if

wearer has been in agent-contaminated area

Decon Station Procedures

DECON33©

3.

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Eyeglasses and contact lenses will be removed and handled according to

following procedures:

Decon hands before removing contact lenses. Use contact lens removers if available

Collect contact lenses for later disposal. Do not decon contact lenses

Expediently decon eyeglasses in metal frames by

soaking for 5 min in undiluted household bleach

and rinsing thoroughlyEyeglasses in plastic/composite frames should be

placed in gent-impermeable bag labeled with person’s name and id number for later disposition

Decon Station Procedures

DECON34©

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Decon Station Procedures

DECON35©

NOTE: If eyeglass wearers would be significantly impaired without corrective lenses, remove lenses from porous frames as time permits, decon lenses, remount in uncontaminated frames, and return to owners

Time constraints and lack of new frames may preclude this option

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Person should then blot skin areas (excluding face) that may have been exposed to agent with decon solution (undiluted household bleach). Any runoff should be collected

Person should then step under shower (lukewarm water recommended) and,

following instructions of Attendant, first flush face and eyes with lots of water, then wash face and rest of body with soapy water and rinse.

All runoff should be collected

Decon Station Procedures

DECON36©

4.

5.

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Following shower, attendants should check person for any signs or symptoms of agent exposure and follow medical screening guidelines for treatment

Additional decontamination may be necessary

Decon Station Procedures

DECON37©

6.

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DECON38©

Complete decontamination of mustard victims is

needed even if there are no immediate signs or symptoms, since onset of symptoms may be delayed for several hours

Body crevices and warm, moist areas are very susceptible to effects of mustard—decon these carefully

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Following confirmation of successful decon,

person should proceed to area designated for first aid and re-dress. Attendants will monitor or treat any injuries and provide replacement clothing (disposable paper garments and booties or clean used clothing obtained from Goodwill, Salvation Army, etc.)

Decon Station Procedures

DECON39©

7.

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Decon Station Procedures

DECON40©

8. Person should be directed to holding area for

observation of any agent exposure symptomsObserve nerve agent victims for at least 30 min and

mustard victims for 4 to 6 hr before releasing from observation area

Decontaminated persons should generally be kept separate from uncontaminated ones In some cases it may be prudent to allow

uncontaminated persons such as parents to join decontaminated dependents

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Each person undergoing decon at station should be marked (e.g., by casualty tag, hospital bracelet, or by writing directly on chest or

forehead with indelible marker) with indication of specific treatment, decon, and completion time

Decon Station Procedures

DECON41©

9.

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Each person processed through station should be provided with certificate indicating

Description of decon actions taken Time decon completed Time the individual released from

observation area Description of any medical treatment

administered in conjunction with decon

Decon station personnel should also retain copy of certificate

Decon Station Procedures

DECON42©

10.

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Protective clothing for care provider Liquid household bleach (undiluted) Water Scissors Cloths Plastic buckets Agent-impermeable bags Tags for bags, casualty tags Indelible markers

Materials And Supplies

DECON43©

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Materials And Supplies

Clean clothing/disposable paper garments and booties Clean bandages, etc. Wire stretcher/stretcher with non-absorbent surface Certificates

Optional Contact lens removers Spare eyeglass frames Reagents from Army skin decon kits

DECON44©

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DECONTAMINATION

PROCEDURES

FOR

EMERGENCY MEDICAL

PERSONNELDECON50©

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Decontamination Procedures for Emergency Medical

PersonnelObjectives:

Define decontamination personal belongings and external items such as wigs, toupees, hearing aids, eyeglasses and artificial limbs

DECON51©

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Emergency Medical Emergency Medical PersonnelPersonnel Emergency medical personnel should

be trained, equipped, and clothed to safely decontaminate any injured person suspected of being contaminated before placing person in transport to care facility

Protective clothing and equipment should be approved for use with chemical agents

DECON52©

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Why Decon TwiceWhy Decon Twice Presence of chemical agent on person’s

skin, hair, or clothing is not readily apparent

Self and buddy decon is expedient to quickly reduce amount of agent contamination on body

Emergency medical personnel should decon

injured persons even if persons have already performed self or buddy decon

DECON53©

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Decon Procedures for Decon Procedures for Emergency Medical Emergency Medical PersonnelPersonnel

DECON54©

1.

Procedures should incorporate standard medical procedures for the injury involved. Care provider should also:

Remove outer clothing by cutting clothing and lifting person free onto wire stretcher or one with non-absorbent surface

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Remove rest of clothing, cutting it and pulling from underneath person and removing personal belongings or items such as wigs, hearing aids and artificial limbs

Remove items, bag and seal in agent-

impermeable bag, and label with person’s name, other identification Place bag in secure storage for later

disposition

EMP Decon Procedures

2.

J. Doe213-45-1422

DECON55©

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Remove any potentially contaminated bandage material, exercising extreme care when removing bandages that are used to control hemorrhages

EMP Decon Procedures

4.

DECON56©

Remove eyeglasses and contact lenses and

place in agent-impermeable bag labeled with person’s name & id number for later disposition

3.

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Blot (not swab or wipe) potentially contaminated body surfaces with lots of 5% bleach solution or with reagents from Army’s skin decon kit, and wash face and eyes with clear water

EMP Decon Procedures

BLEACH

DECON57©

5.

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DECON58©

Lack of immediate symptoms does not mean that complete decontamination of mustard victims is

not needed, since onset of symptoms may be delayed for several hours

Body crevices and warm, moist areas are very susceptible to effects of mustard—decon these carefully

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Decontaminate chemical protective clothing of care provider

Each person having undergone decon or medical treatment should be marked (casualty tag, hospital bracelet, or by writing directly on chest or forehead with indelible marker) with indication of specific treatment and completion time

EMP Decon Procedures

6.

7.

DECON59©

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EMP Decon ProceduresEMP Decon Procedures

Apply fresh bandages where necessary to control bleeding, and place injured person in transport vehicle

8.

DECON60©

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Materials And Supplies

Protective clothing for care provider Liquid household bleach (undiluted) Water Scissors Cloths Plastic buckets Agent-impermeable bags Tags for bags, casualty tags Indelible markers

DECON61©

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Clean clothing/disposable paper garments and booties Clean bandages Wire stretcher/stretcher with non-absorbent surface

Optional

Contact lens removers Reagents from Army skin decon kits

Materials And Supplies

DECON62©

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DECONTAMINATION PLANNING

DECON65©

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Decontamination Decontamination PlanningPlanning Integral part of planning for

emergency response Will reduce potential for injury and

save lives during emergency response phase following significant agent release

Decon of people must begin immediately,

with implementation of protective actions

DECON66©

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Appendix L, CSEPP Planning Guidance

Provides standards on how to plan for decon in

event of significant chemical agent release

Addresses priorities and procedures for decon planning

DECON67©

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Appendix L, CSEPP Appendix L, CSEPP Planning GuidancePlanning Guidance

DECON68©

Does not provide policy on specific identification of sites or areas that may require decon capability or provision of resources to those that do

Those policies and guidelines will be determined by results of ongoing studies regarding liquid agent deposition

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Decon Plan RequiredDecon Plan Required Describe agencies to be responsible Describe resources to be available

Describe procedures to be followed to deal with agent-contaminated people and animals

that provide critical support to humans Plan should emphasize self and buddy

decontamination ( Standard L-1)

DECON69©

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Agencies ResponsibleAgencies Responsible

DECON70©

Identify organization(s) responsible for decon of people and of animals that provide critical support to humans (e.g., Seeing Eye dogs) (Standard L-2)

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Agencies Responsible Identify officials and agencies responsible for

strict quarantine of all potentially contaminated materials and property not to be immediately deconned

Strict quarantine will prohibit entry by unprotected public until safe to reenterCriteria for this to be specified in Appendix M on Reentry/ Restoration (Standard L-9)

DECON71©

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ResourcesResources

DECON72©

Personnel decon station at Each reception center Each host hospital identified in evacuation plan Other locations as needed

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Each decon station will:

Have adequate supplies of water and electricity

Contain/collect all used decon solutions/rinse water for later disposition (Standard L-5)

Be adequately staffed and equipped to decon maximum number of contaminated persons

Resources

DECON73©

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Each decon station will:

Be capable of being staffed quickly after public alerted

Be able to decon concurrently with life-saving first aid for people suffering from agent exposure or other injury

Be able to screen people for symptoms of chemical agent toxicity (Standard L-5)

Resources

DECON74©

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ProceduresProcedures

Establish guidelines for determining When decon is neededWhat decon resources are availableWhich decon concerns must be addressed first

through pre-event planning

Establish procedures at decon station for Evaluating which people require decon Immediately decontaminating people likely to

have been exposed to chemical agent (Standard L-5)

DECON75©

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Procedures Establish procedures for handling personal

property of potentially contaminated persons (Standard L-5) Include list of priorities for decon/treatment of

affected materials to guide allocation of resources after chemical agent release (Standard L-2)

DECON76©

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Describe plans for educating public for self and buddy decon

Should apply to all people in areas at

risk of exposure to agent

DECON77©

Procedures

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DECON78©

Procedures Public education program may include

Instructions on self and buddy decon List of necessary supplies Guidance on other ways of expedient personal decon

Public information releases at time of emergency should clearly identify population segments that should perform self and buddy decon

Recommended for all people who are or have been within the chemical agent plume or have come in contact with people, animals, or objects (e.g., vehicles) that have been in plume

(Standard L-3)

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Coordinate with all other emergency preparedness procedures and especially with those for reentry, monitoring, and medical services

Incorporate requirements of federal/state laws that could, e.g., limit kinds and quantities of decon solutions that could be used in particular area or require containment and

treatment of decon runoffs

DECON79©

Procedures


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