Chest wall deformity
WHAT IS NORMAL SHAPE
OF CHEST WALL?
Abnormal shape of chest wall
1. Pigeon chest (pictus carinatum)
2.Funnel chest (pectus excavatum):In ward depression of sternum due to
fibrous replacement of anterior portion of the diaphragm
When it is severe heart my be compressed and ventilatory limitation of the lung
3.Harisson’s sulcus and rachitic rosaries:A depression on both sides of the
lower chest extending from xyphoid process out wards and down words (site of attachment of diaphragm)
4.Unilateral bulge of chest wall:• Presence of pneumothorax or
pleural effusion
• Compensatory emphysema
• Chest wall tumor
5.Unilateral retraction of chest wall :• Fibro thorax
• Collapse
• thoracoplasty
6.Barrel shape chest:
• Increase antroposterior diameter
• Up ward and out ward bulge of chest
• Ribs became transverse
• Wide intercostals space
Spinal deformity
1.Scoliosis :Lateral curvature of the spine
may alter the position of mediastinum lead to mediastinal compression and ventilatory restriction
Causes:
• Conginital
• Neuropathy:(poliomylitis-cerebral palsy…)
• Myopathy
• Sex linked as Turner’s syndrome
2.Kyphoscoliosis back ward and lateral displacement of the spine
3. lordoscoliosis
4.Ankylosingspondiolitis:calcification of inter vertebral
ligaments “ bamboo spine”