M A T T E RMatter: anything that has mass and takes up space• Mass: measure of how much matter is in an
object• Law of conservation of mass- mass is
conserved- the amount of atoms cannot change; nothing is created or destroyed
• Melting point• Boiling point• Electrical
conductivity• Color• Density
• Thermal conductivity
• Ductility• Malleability• shape• smell
Physical properties- anything that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
methane oxygen water
• Heat of combustion• Reactivity with
water• pH• Oxidation
• flammability• Reactivity to other
chemicals
Chemical properties- the types of changes matter can undergo; the chemical composition of the substance changes; the arrangement of its atoms changes (number stays the same)
Can ONLY be observed AS substances are changing
carbon dioxide
M A T T E R C A N C H A N G E
Physically• Physical reaction• Physical change
Chemically• Chemical reaction• Chemical change
Change in mass, volume, density, state, color, shape
A new substance is made as a result of the reaction; cannot be undone
Special physical changes:
Change of state operations: when object changes state (from solid, liquid, & gas)
Photosynthesis
Cellular respiration
Decomposition
Examples: CHEMICAL CHANGES-change the way the atoms are arranged
CHEMICAL CHANGES
• Wood burns to create ash and smoke
• Iron oxidizes (rusts)
• Vinegar & baking soda create a gas
Baking sodavinegar +
flammability
reactivity
Evidence of a chemical reaction:1. Formation of gas
2. Formation of precipitate (a solid formed from a chemical reaction; can look cloudy)
3. Change in color
4. Change in energy• Endothermic-
absorbs heat energy(gets cold)
• Exothermic-releases heat energy (gets hot)
HOW TO TELL CHEMICAL REACTIONS FROM AN EQUATION:
When the mass of the products does not equal the mass of the reactants. What happened?Gas was produced & lost to environment
UNIT CHECK- Matter ChangesDecide if each is a chemical or physical change.
1. Ice melting 2. cutting paper 3. Burning rocket fuel
6. evaporating puddle
5. bike chain rusting
4. sawing wood
Physical change
Physical change
change
Physical change
Physical change
Chemical change
Chemical change
UNIT CHECK- Matter ChangesDecide if each is a chemical or physical change.
8. dry ice
12. Baking muffins
11. Coloring paper with crayons
10. An egg rotting
7. candle burning
Physical change
Physical change
Physical change
Chemical change
Chemical change
9. Sugar dissolving in water
Chemical change
Chemical Changes LABWrite the chemical equation for each of the three reactions. Then highlight the reactants yellow.
Iron Nail Rusting
Summarize with words what happens in this reaction. Be sure to describe the reactants and products.
Baking Soda and Vinegar reacting
Summarize with words what happens in this reaction. Be sure to describe the reactants and products.
Wood combusting
Summarize with words what happens in this reaction. Be sure to describe the reactants and products.
Visual Depiction of Reaction: (Draw & Label the parts of the demonstration.)
Visual Depiction of Reaction: (Draw & Label the parts of the demonstration.)
Visual Depiction of Reaction: (Draw & Label the parts of the demonstration.)
HEADER:
Chemical Changes LABWrite the chemical equation for each of the three reactions. Then highlight the reactants yellow.
Iron Nail Rusting
Summarize with words what happens in this reaction. Be sure to describe the reactants and products.
Baking Soda and Vinegar reacting
Summarize with words what happens in this reaction. Be sure to describe the reactants and products.
Wood combusting
Summarize with words what happens in this reaction. Be sure to describe the reactants and products.
Visual Depiction of Reaction: (Draw & Label the parts of the demonstration.)
Visual Depiction of Reaction: (Draw & Label the parts of the demonstration.)
Visual Depiction of Reaction: (Draw & Label the parts of the demonstration.)
HEADER:
Sodium bicarbonate
Acetic acid precipitate gas