Chapter 8
Respiratory System
Photo from sukiyaki/Shutterstock
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Learning Objectives1. Recognize or write the functions of the respiratory
system.2. Recognize or write the meanings of Chapter 8 word
parts and use terms to build and analyze terms.3. Write terms for selected structures of the respiratory
system or match them with their descriptions.4. Write the names of the diagnostic terms and
pathologies related to the respiratory system when given their descriptions or match terms with their meanings.
5. Match surgical and therapeutic interventions for the respiratory system or write the names of the interventions when given their descriptions.
6. Spell terms for the respiratory system correctly.
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Functions of the Respiratory System
respiration, eupnea inspiration, inhalation expiration, exhalation
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Organs of Respiration
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Lower Respiratory Tract
from Vidic B, Suarez FR: Photographic atlas of the human body, St Louis, 1984, Mosby.
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Structures of the Respiratory System
pleura, pleural phrenic nares, nasal septum paranasal sinuses
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Paranasal Sinuses
From Ignatavicius MS, Workman ML: Medical-Surgical nursing: Critical thinking for collaborative care, ed 6, 2010, Philadelphia, Saunders.
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Structures of the Respiratory System (cont’d)
eustachian tube, otopharyngeal tube laryngopharynx, larynx, esophagus glottis, epiglottis bronchi, bronchioles alveoli URT, LRT
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Combining Forms: Respiratory Structures
alveol/o alveolus (pl. alveoli) bronch/o, bronchi/o bronchus (pl. bronchi) bronchiol/o bronchiole epiglott/o epiglottis laryng/o larynx
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Combining Forms: Respiratory Structures (cont’d)
lob/o lobe nas/o, rhin/o nose phren/o diaphragm (phren/o
sometimes means mind)
pleur/o pleura pharyng/o pharynx
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Quick Quiz!
The vocal apparatus of the larynx is
A. the pharynx
B. the glottis
C. the epiglottis
D. the alveolus
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Combining Forms: Respiratory Structures (cont’d)
pneum/o, pneumon/o, lung (pneum/o
pulm/o, pulmon/o sometimes means air)
trache/o trachea (windpipe)
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Patterns of Respiration
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Oximetry
A from Potter PA, Perry AG: Basic nursing, ed 7, St Louis, 2011, Mosby. B Courtesy Ohmeda, Boulder CO
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Spirometry
From Wilson SF, Thompson JM: Respiratory disorders, St Louis, 1990, Mosby.
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Pneumothorax, Hemothorax
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Orthopnea
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Diseases, Disorders, and Diagnostic Terms
pulmonologist pneumonia, pneumonitis
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Pulmonary Embolism
From Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC, Fausto N: Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease, ed 8, Philadelphia, 2010,
Saunders. 19
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Diseases, Disorders, and Diagnostic Terms (cont’d)
pneumocentesis pulmonary edema rhinorrhea
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Diseases, Disorders, and Diagnostic Terms (cont’d)
aphonia, dysphonia aphasia, dysphasia laryngalgia bronchitis, sinusitis, pharyngitis sputum shortness of breath (SOB)
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Laryngeal Polyp
From Ignatavicius MS, Workman ML, Mishler MA: Medical-surgical nursing across the health care continuum, ed 5, Philadelphia, 2006, Saunders-Elsevier.
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Bronchoscopy
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Diseases, Disorders, and Diagnostic Terms (cont’d)
adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) asthma asphyxiation atelectasis, bronchiectasis bronchography
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Diseases, Disorders, and Diagnostic Terms (cont’d)
lung cancer (carcinoma) emphysema chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD)
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Carcinoma of the Lung
Copyright © 2011 Photo Researchers, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Courtesy PresMark Publishing Co
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Diseases, Disorders, and Diagnostic Terms (cont’d)
influenza laryngitis pleuritis pneumoconiosis silicosis pulmonary embolism
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Nasal Polyps
from Zitelli BJ, Davis HW: Atlas of pediatric diagnosis, ed 5, St Louis, 2007, Mosby.
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Diseases, Disorders, and Diagnostic Terms (cont’d)
severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) tuberculosis (TB)
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Heimlich Maneuver
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Endotracheal Intubation vs. Tracheostomy Tube
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Administration of Oxygen
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Surgical and Therapeutic Interventions
decongestants antitussives antihistamines bronchodilators
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Quick Quiz!
The inability to communicate through speech is
A. aphasia
B. dysphasia
C. atelectasis
D. laryngalgia
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Surgical and Therapeutic Interventions, (cont’d)
lung biopsy pneumonectomy, pneumectomy, lobectomy rhinoplasty
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Thoracocentesis, Thoracentesis
from Harkreader H, Hogan MA, Thobaben M: Fundamentals of nursing: Caring and clinical judgment, ed 3, St Louis, 2007, Mosby.
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Thoracocentesis, Thoracentesis
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Additional Word Parts
atel/o imperfect coni/o dust embol/o embolus home/o sameness -ole little
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Additional Word Parts (cont’d)
ox/o oxygen -pnea breathing silic/o silica spir/o to breathe
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Acronyms and Abbreviations
ARDS COLD COPD LRT SARS
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Acronyms and Abbreviations (cont’d)
SIDS SOB TB URT VC
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