Chapter 7 Section 2Chapter 7 Section 2Eukaryotic Cell StructureEukaryotic Cell Structure
BiologyBiology
Pgs. 174-181Pgs. 174-181
ObjectivesObjectives
______________ the function of ______________ the function of the cell nucleusthe cell nucleus
______________________ the functions of the the functions of the major cell organellesmajor cell organelles
Describe
Describe
Eukaryotic CellsEukaryotic Cells
Eukaryotic cells have _________ main Eukaryotic cells have _________ main structures:structures:
Cell MembraneCell Membrane CytoplasmCytoplasm NucleusNucleus
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Cell MembraneCell Membrane
_____________________ - the outer _____________________ - the outer boundary double layer of phospholipids with boundary double layer of phospholipids with proteins embedded.proteins embedded.
It is called a_______________It is called a_______________ maintains homeostasis because it is maintains homeostasis because it is
selectively permeable. selectively permeable.
Cell Membrane
Lipid bilayer
CytoplasmCytoplasm
________________________________– gel surrounding the – gel surrounding the organellesorganellesCytoplasm
The NucleusThe Nucleus
NucleusNucleus– The nucleus is the ____________________ of The nucleus is the ____________________ of
the cell.the cell.– The nucleus contains nearly all the cell's The nucleus contains nearly all the cell's
____________________
Control center
DNA
RibosomesRibosomes
– One of the most important jobs carried out One of the most important jobs carried out in the cell is making ______________.in the cell is making ______________.
– Proteins are assembled on Proteins are assembled on ________________________________________..ribosomes
proteins
Endoplasmic ReticulumEndoplasmic Reticulum
The ____________________ is the The ____________________ is the transportation center for proteins inside the transportation center for proteins inside the cell. cell.
E.R.
____ types of ER—rough and smooth.____ types of ER—rough and smooth.
______________ ER has ribosomes on its ______________ ER has ribosomes on its surface. surface.
• Smooth ER _______________ have Smooth ER _______________ have ribosomes on its surface.ribosomes on its surface.
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rough
Does not
The Golgi ApparatusThe Golgi Apparatus– modifies, sorts, and packages proteinsmodifies, sorts, and packages proteins– proteins are then _____________ to their final proteins are then _____________ to their final
destinations inside or outside the cell.destinations inside or outside the cell.shipped
LysosomesLysosomes
__________________________________________ filled with enzymes. filled with enzymes.
The _________________ crew or the stomach of the The _________________ crew or the stomach of the cell. cell.
Lysosomes also break down organelles that have Lysosomes also break down organelles that have outlived their usefulness.outlived their usefulness.
lysosomes
Clean up
Mitochondria Mitochondria
– All eukaryotic cells contain All eukaryotic cells contain ___________________.___________________.
– Mitochondria ___________________ the Mitochondria ___________________ the chemical energy stored in food into energy chemical energy stored in food into energy the cell can use.the cell can use.
Mitochondria are the powerhouse of the cell.Mitochondria are the powerhouse of the cell.
Mitochondria
convert
Eukaryotic Cell StructuresEukaryotic Cell Structures
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Ribosome (free)
Ribosome (attached)
Golgi apparatus
Mitochondrion
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Cell membrane
Nucleus
Nuclear envelope
Nucleolus
Centrioles
Animal Cell
Plant cells have _____things animal Plant cells have _____things animal cells do not:cells do not: Vacuoles:Vacuoles: Chloroplasts Chloroplasts Cell WallsCell Walls
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VacuolesVacuoles__________________ __________________ store materials store materials
such as such as waterwater, salts, proteins, and , salts, proteins, and carbohydrates.carbohydrates.
In many plant cells there is a single, large In many plant cells there is a single, large central vacuole filled with liquid. central vacuole filled with liquid.
Vacuoles
Chloroplasts Chloroplasts
– Plants and some other organisms containPlants and some other organisms contain chloroplastschloroplasts
– _________________________ capture energy _________________________ capture energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical from sunlight and convert it into chemical energy in a process called photosynthesis.energy in a process called photosynthesis.
Chloroplasts
Cell WallCell Wall
_________________ is extra support for _________________ is extra support for plant cells.plant cells.
Its outside the cell membrane.Its outside the cell membrane. Provides protection and rigidity for the plant Provides protection and rigidity for the plant
cell. cell.
Cell Wall
Eukaryotic Cell StructuresEukaryotic Cell StructuresPlant CellPlant Cell
Nuclear envelope
Ribosome (free)
Ribosome (attached)
Mitochondrion
Golgi apparatus
Vacuole
NucleolusNucleus
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Cell wall
Cell membrane
Chloroplast